Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image, which carrier comprises core particles having formed thereon a resin coating layer, in which the resin coating layer comprises a fluorine-containing resin and a second resin having a softening point lower than that of the fluorine-containing resin, and the resin and the second resin each are partially exposed on the surface of said resin coating layer. The carrier may be produced by a process comprising the steps of: dry-blending core particles, a fluorine-containing resin, and a second resin having a softening point lower than that of said fluorine-containing resin; and melting the resin blend to coat said core particles. The carrier is excellent in stability with time and environmental changes, causes no adhesion, and is less consumed.

Abstract: A developer for electrophotography which is excellent in the retention of the charge quantity of the toner and the controllability of the charge quantity, scarcely causes adhesion of the carrier to image areas and can provide stable image quality is disclosed, the developer comprising a toner containing a quaternary ammonium salt type charge control agent dispersed in a binder resin and a carrier coated with a resin comprising, as essential components, a vinylidene fluoride monomer unit-containing resin and a methylphenylsilicone resin.

Abstract: A method for preparing .alpha.-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid or its precursor is here disclosed which comprises a step (I) of dehydrogenating p-isobutylethylbenzene in a gaseous phase in the presence of a dehydrogenating metal catalyst to form p-isobutylstyrene and at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon compound selected from a group A defined in Claim 1; a step (II) of reacting p-isobutylstyrene obtained in the step (I) with carbon monoxide and hydrogen or with carbon monoxide and water or a lower alcohol in the presence of a transition metal complex carbonylating catalyst to form .alpha.-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid or its precursor; and a step (III) of hydrogenating at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon compound selected from the group A obtained in the dehydrogenation step (I) to form p-isobutylethylbenzene, and recycling the thus formed p-isobutylethylbenzene through the step (I) as the raw material of the step (I).

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image, which carrier comprises core particles having formed thereon a resin coating layer, in which the resin coating layer comprises a fluorine-containing resin and a second resin having a softening point lower than that of the fluorine-containing resin, and the resin and the second resin each are partially exposed on the surface of said resin coating layer. The carrier may be produced by a process comprising the steps of: dry-blending core particles, a fluorine-containing resin, and a second resin having a softening point lower than that of said fluorine-containing resin; and melting the resin blend to coat said core particles. The carrier is excellent in stability with time and environmental changes, causes no adhesion, and is less consumed.

Abstract: A method for producing .alpha.-(p-isobutylphenyl)-propionic acid with a high selectivity and high purity. The method is characterized in that .alpha.-(p-isobutylphenyl)propionaldehyde is oxidized at temperatures not higher than -12.degree. C. in the presence of an acid using a hypohalogenite. The acid is an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid and the hypohalogenite may be sodium salts, potassium salts or calcium salts of hypochlorous acid or hypobromous acid.

Abstract: A dry toner composition containing titanium dioxide particles, the surfaces of the particles comprising an organic compound having a melting point of from about 40.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: An air cleaner is fixed, at least at a fixing portion of the air cleaner, to a motorcar body reinforcing member which is provided in an engine room to increase the supporting rigidity of the air cleaner. The air intake duct is disposed around the reinforcing member so that the duct length can be increased and the duct can be laid out in a space-efficient manner.

Abstract: A carrier for use in developing an electrostatic or magnetic latent image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing or the like, which carrier is produced by atomizing a molten mixture of a magnetic powder and a binder resin containing a polyolefin and a polyolefin having a functional group. The polyolefin having a functional group is present in an amount ranging from about 50% by weight or less based on the total weight of the binder resin.

Abstract: A toner composition for thermal fixing is disclosed, comprising a colorant, an external additive and a binder resin that contains a thermoplastic resin having a glass transition point of from 20.degree. C. to less than 50.degree. C. and a polyolefin polymer having an average molecular weight of 800 or more, the polyolefin polymer being present in an amount of from 5 wt % to less than 50 wt % of the total binder resin.

Abstract: A method for preparing .alpha.-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid or its precursor is here disclosed which comprises a step A of forming p-isobutylstyrene from p-isobutylethylbenzene and a step B of forming .alpha.-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionaldehyde from p-isobutylstyrene or a step C of forming .alpha.-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid or its alkyl ester from p-isobutylstyrene.Furthermore, a method for preparing said p-isobutylethylbenzene is also disclosed which comprises alkylating isobutylbenzene or 4-ethyltoluene with ethylene or propylene.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of producing highly pure .alpha.-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid derivatives, which are medicines per sec or which can easily afford the same, from readily available 3-ethylbenzophenone in a very simplified manner efficiently and economically. The method comprises dehydrogenating 3-ethylbenzophenone in vapor phase in the presence of an inert gas and carbonylating the formed 3-ethenylbenzophenone in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst comprising a transition metal complex.

Abstract: A method for producing alkylstyrene which is characterized in that 1,2-di(substituted phenyl)ethane is brought into contact with an acid catalyst at 200.degree. C. to 650.degree. C. in the presence of an inert gas to crack it into alkylstyrene and alkylbenzene. The method of the invention has advantages in that the operation of reaction and separation of reaction mixture are quite easy, the lowering of catalytic activity is small, and unreacted starting material can be reused.

Abstract: A magnetic powder-dispersed carrier for use in electrophotography, electrostatic printing, and other reprographic methods, comprising a large number of magnetic particles dispersed in a binder resin, the particles having a BET surface area no greater than 5 m.sup.2 /g, and an oil-absorbing capacity of no more than 25 ml/100 g.

Abstract: A process for preparing .alpha.-(3-benzylphenyl)-propionic acid or its derivative, a precursor of ketoprofen (trade name), which comprises dehydrogenating a by-product oil fraction formed in the production of ethylbenzene using synthetic zeolite as an alkylating catalyst, and carbonylating the product with carbon monoxide or the like. This precursor can be easily converted into ketoprofen, a useful medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Abstract: A process for selectively hydroformylating a diolefin, which comprises reacting a (1-arylethyl)vinylbenzene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen under the conditions of 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. in reaction temperature and 5 kg/cm.sup.2 or above in reaction pressure in the presence of a transition metal carbonylation catalyst to thereby selectively hydroformylating only the vinyl group and produce .alpha.-((1-arylethenyl)phenyl)propionaldehyde. The starting material to be hydroformylated may be a mixture of the (1-arylethenyl)vinylbenzene with a 1,1-di(substituted aryl)ethylene not substituted by a vinyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for manufacturing aromatic compounds having the following formula (II) comprising the step of reacting an unsaturated aromatic compound having the following formula (I) with an aryl compound containing an iodosyl group or the salt thereof within a temperature range of from -50.degree. to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A developer carrier is disclosed, which has a core containing a binder resin and a magnetic powder, and a surface layer thereon containing a compound having a lower critical surface tension than the binder resin. This developer when used in a magnetic brush development process provides superior charge characteristics, resistance to environmental changes, and extended life. In another aspect, the invention relates to a developer carrier produced by a process of (a) melting a carrier composition containing a binder resin, a magnetic powder and a compound having a lower critical surface tension than the binder resin, (b) spraying the molten carrier composition to form droplets, and (c) cooling the droplets with a gas stream having a temperature lower than the melting point of the composition to form substantially spherical particles having a high surface smoothness.

Abstract: New compounds of .alpha.-(3-(1-phenylethenyl)phenyl)-propionic acid and its esters and a method for producing .alpha.-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid which is prepared by oxidizing the former compound as an intermediate. The method is characterized in the easiness in operation, the low cost and the high purity of the product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new compound of (3-Vinylphenyl)phenylmethane and a method for producing .alpha.-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid of ketoprofen without difficulty at low cost and in a high yield. The method comprises the steps of: reacting (3-vinylphenyl)phenylmethane with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, water or lower alcohol in the presence of a transition metal carbonylation catalyst to form .alpha.-(3-benzylphenyl)propionic acid derivative, and when the thus obtained compound is an aldehyde, oxidizing methylene group and formyl group of the compound simultaneously or sequentially, or when the obtained compound is an acid or its ester, oxidizing the methylene group of the compound, and if need be, it is followed by hydrolysis.

Abstract: 3-Ethylbenzophenone is prepared by oxidizing a by-product heavy oil fraction produced in the production of ethylbenzene using ZSM-5 type synthetic zeolite catalyst, without splitting carbon-to-carbon bonds. 3-Ethylbenzophenone is a starting material for synthesis of medicines, etc.