Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphor represented by the following general formula (I), comprising: a composite oxide containing a divalent and trivalent metal elements as a host crystal; and at least Ce as an activator element in said host crystal, wherein the phosphor has a maximum emission peak in a wavelength range of from 485 nm to 555 nm in the emission spectrum at room temperature: M1aM2bM3cOd??(I) wherein M1 represents an activator element containing at least Ce; M2 represents a divalent metal element; M3 represents a trivalent metal element; a is a number within a range of 0.0001?a?0.2; b is a number within a range of 0.8?b?1.2; c is a number within a range of 1.6?c?2.4; and d is a number within a range of 3.2?d?4.8. Further, a light emitting device comprising said phosphor and a display and a lighting system having said light emitting device as a light source are disclosed.

Abstract: To enhance luminance and color rendering of a light emitting device comprising phosphors as wavelength converting material and at least one semiconductor light emitting device that emits visible light, as said phosphors, are used phosphors which are one or more kinds of phosphors selected from a group consisting of oxides, oxynitrides and nitrides, and are a mixture consisting of two or more kinds of phosphors whose luminous efficiency is 35% or higher when excited by the visible light from said semiconductor light emitting device at room temperature. In addition, said mixture contains a first phosphor, and a second phosphor that is different from said first phosphor and capable of absorbing emitted light from said first phosphor, and said first phosphor is contained 85 weight % or more of said mixture of phosphors.

Abstract: A phosphor (A) comprising a host material composed of a compound having a garnet crystal structure represented by the general formula (I): M1aM2bM3cOd ??(I) (wherein M1 is a divalent metal element, M2 is a trivalent metal element, M3 is a tetravalent metal element containing at least Si, a is the number of 2.7 to 3.3, b is the number of 1.8 to 2.2, c is the number of 2.7 to 3.3, and d is the number of 11.0 to 13.0), and a luminescent center ion incorporated in the host material; a light emitting device (B) comprising the phosphor as a wavelength conversion material and a semiconductor light emitting element capable of emitting a light in the range of from ultraviolet light to visible light; and a display (C) and a lighting system (D) using the light emitting device (B) as a light source. The above phosphor can be readily produced, and can provide a light emitting device having a high color rendering property.

Abstract: To present a green- to yellow-emitting phosphor whereby a light-emitting device having high color rendering properties and high luminance can be obtained, a light-emitting device employing such a phosphor, and an image display device and a lighting system, containing such a light-emitting device. A phosphor made of a compound represented by the following formula (I), which comprises, as matrix, a compound of a garnet structure and which contains, as a luminescent center ion, a metal element in the matrix: M1aM2bXcM3dM43Oe??(I) wherein M1 is Mg and/or Zn, M2 is a bivalent metal element excluding Mg and Zn, X is a metal element as a luminescent center ion composed mainly of Ce, M3 is a trivalent metal element excluding X, M4 is a tetravalent metal element, and a, b, c, d and e are numbers satisfying the following formulae, respectively: 0.001?a?0.5 2.5?b?3.3 0.005?c?0.5 1.5?d?2.3 e={(a+b)×2+(c+d)×3+12}/2.

Abstract: A phosphor (A) comprising a host material composed of a compound having a garnet crystal structure represented by the general formula (I): M1aM2bM3cOd??(I) (wherein M1 is a divalent metal element, M2 is a trivalent metal element, M3 is a tetravalent metal element containing at least Si, a is the number of 2.7 to 3.3, b is the number of 1.8 to 2.2, c is the number of 2.7 to 3.3, and d is the number of 11.0 to 13.0), and a luminescent center ion incorporated in the host material; a light emitting device (B) comprising the phosphor as a wavelength conversion material and a semiconductor light emitting element capable of emitting a light in the range of from ultraviolet light to visible light; and a display (C) and a lighting system (D) using the light emitting device (B) as a light source. The above phosphor can be readily produced, and can provide a light emitting device having a high color rendering property.

Abstract: A phosphor (A) comprising a host material composed of a compound having a garnet crystal structure represented by the general formula (I): M1aM2bM3cOd ??(I) (wherein M1 is a divalent metal element, M2 is a trivalent metal element, M3 is a tetravalent metal element containing at least Si, a is the number of 2.7 to 3.3, b is the number of 1.8 to 2.2, c is the number of 2.7 to 3.3, and d is the number of 11.0 to 13.0), and a luminescent center ion incorporated in the host material; a light emitting device (B) comprising the phosphor as a wavelength conversion material and a semiconductor light emitting element capable of emitting a light in the range of from ultraviolet light to visible light; and a display (C) and a lighting system (D) using the light emitting device (B) as a light source. The above phosphor can be readily produced, and can provide a light emitting device having a high color rendering property.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a phosphor of minimum particle size having an excellent crystallinity and a high brightness higher than conventional crude particles, which is usable for a highly precise display, a highly bright illuminating element or illuminating apparatus, a high speed immunoassay system or the like, i.e. a phosphor having a substantially spherical outer shape, which comprises primary particles having a median diameter D50 in a range of from 0.05 ?m to 1 ?m and secondary particles having a median diameter D50 in a range of from 0.1 ?m to 2 ?m, wherein at least 50 vol % of the total secondary particles has an aspect ratio of at least 0.8 and an internal quantum efficiency is in a range of from 0.8 to 1.

Abstract: A phosphor (A) comprising a host material composed of a compound having a garnet crystal structure represented by the general formula (I):

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a phosphor of minimum particle size having an excellent crystallinity and a high brightness higher than conventional crude particles, which is usable for a highly precise display, a highly bright illuminating element or illuminating apparatus, a high speed immunoassay system or the like, i.e. a phosphor having a substantially spherical outer shape, which comprises primary particles having a median diameter D50 in a range of from 0.05 &mgr;m to 1 &mgr;m and secondary particles having a median diameter D50 in a range of from 0.1 &mgr;m to 2 &mgr;m, wherein at least 50 vol % of the total secondary particles has an aspect ratio of at least 0.8 and an internal quantum efficiency is in a range of from 0.8 to 1.

Abstract: A process for producing fine phosphor particles having a high crystallinity, having a small amount of aggregated particles and comprising fine particles, thus capable of forming a homogeneous and dense high brightness fluorescent layer when applied to e.g. a cathode ray tube, a fluorescent lamp or PDP, and having a high purity, a uniform chemical composition and excellent emission properties, at a low cost, is provided. A process for producing a phosphor, which comprises heating droplets of a solution containing metal elements constituting the phosphor to carry out pyrolysis to obtain the phosphor, wherein the above heating is carried out in the coexistence of an additive comprising a metal or a metal compound to carry out the pyrolysis at an average crystal growth rate of at least 0.002 &mgr;m3/sec.

Abstract: A process for producing fine phosphor particles having a high crystallinity, having a small amount of aggregated particles and comprising fine particles, thus capable of forming a homogeneous and dense high brightness fluorescent layer when applied to e.g. a cathode ray tube, a fluorescent lamp or PDP, and having a high purity, a uniform chemical composition and excellent emission properties, at a low cost, is provided. A process for producing a phosphor, which comprises heating droplets of a solution containing metal elements constituting the phosphor to carry out pyrolysis to obtain the phosphor, wherein the above heating is carried out in the coexistence of an additive comprising a metal or a metal compound to carry out the pyrolysis at an average crystal growth rate of at least 0.002 &mgr;m3/sec.

Abstract: An aluminate phosphor comprising (a) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca, (b) Eu, (c) Mg and/or Zn, (d) optionally Mn and (e) Al, said aluminate phosphor comprising a crystalline inorganic compound which shows, in its powder X-ray diffraction pattern upon incidence of X-rays of CuK.alpha..sub.1, no peak at Miller index 008 independent of a diffraction peak at Miller index 110.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a comparator circuit which is arranged such that detected data signal is waveform-shaped without producing any bit error, so that the data signal as transmitted can be accurately demodulated. Reference voltage V.sub.RE of the comparator which is compared with the data signal V.sub.IN is provided by adding output resulting from integration of the data signal V.sub.IN and integrated output of an inverter 2 which inverts output of the comparator 1. The reference voltage V.sub.RE of the comparator 1 can always be located at the center between the high level and the low level of the data signal V.sub.IN despite variations in DC voltage level of the data signal V.sub.IN.

Abstract: An optical multiplex communication system in which n kinds of digital signals whose logical levels do not simultaneously become true, such as, pulse motor controlling pulses, are multiplexed through a single optical fiber line. The transmitting end generates n kinds of carrier clock signals of different frequencies by clock generating means, produces the respective logical products of the carrier clock signals and the digital signals and then produces a logical sum of the logical product outputs by logical circuits and converts the logical sum output to a light signal by a light transmitter, thereby delivering the light signal onto the single optical fiber line.

Abstract: Controlled variable table data, which consist of pulse number data corresponding to the maximum controlled variable of a fluid valve and divided into N divisions in each of which given pulse number data are set, are stored in a memory so that the sum of the given pulse number data in the N divisions may be equal to the number of pulses for giving a given controlled variable to the fluid valve. On the other hand, period table data, which consist of pulse interval data divided into divisions corresponding in number to the divisions of the controlled variable table data for determining a given control pattern, are stored in another memory.

Abstract: A plurality of terminal units are connected to the central unit by one optical fiber line in a loop form, thereby forming a communication link. The central unit converts the data including the terminal address and control bit into the serial optical signal and outputs this optical signal. The terminal unit receives and interpretes the optical signal from the central unit and ON/OFF controls the solenoid valve. After completion of the control, the terminal unit rewrites the control bit in the reception data to the data bit indicative of the operating state of the valve and transmits the data bit to the next terminal unit. The central unit receives the signal from the final terminal unit and interprets the bit data which was rewritten from the control bit by the terminal unit, thereby displaying the operating state of the valve.

Abstract: An external system for preparing information tables is connected by a connector to a digital valve control system which controls a digital valve by driving a pulse motor according to the information tables. The digital valve control system stores in the memory a first information table for determining the control amount for the digital valve and a second information table for determining the interval between the generation of motor driving pulses. The first information table for determining the control amount is fixedly stored in the memory and the second information table for determining the type of control pattern is stored in the memory which is capable of writing and reading the information which can be freely prepared, corrected and modified by the external system. The second information table is prepared by the keyboard of the external system, transferred to the digital valve control system and written in the memory.

Abstract: A circuit for change-over of electric signal set points applied as control inputs to a fluid control valve for controlling the pressure or flow rate of a fluid. A priority circuit including a priority encoder or priority chain is provided in an input section for set point select and change-over instruction signals from an external sequential controller. When two or more of the instruction signals are applied simultaneously, only the highest priority instruction is received to select the desired set point and the other instructions are ignored.

Abstract: A digital valve control apparatus for regulating opening of a digital valve by a pulse motor, comprising means for setting desired position and displacement speed of the pulse motor and means for selecting the set position and the set speed in response to instruction signals. While pulses having period corresponding to the set speed are produced by a frequency divider, the present position of the pulse motor is compared with the set position by a comparator. The pulses are fed to a counter which counts up or down to supply the output for driving the pulse motor until the comparator produces the coincident output.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for detecting the presence of very fine leaks through the walls of an enclosure which include a sniffer nozzle (1) open to the atmosphere, a vessel (5) having molecular sieves (4) therein for adsorbing substantially all gaseous products which have entered the sniffer nozzle (1) with the exception of the probe gas which has been pressurized within the enclosure being tested, a pump system (8, 9) for creating vacuum conditions within the system, a mass spectrometer (12) for detecting the presence of the probe gas, and a capillary tube (2) interconnecting the nozzle sniffer (1) and the molecular sieve assembly whereby the probe gas draw rate, and sensitivity of the apparatus of the present invention, are significantly increased.