Abstract: A semiconductor module is provided which includes a semiconductor unit which is made by a resin mold. The resin mold has formed therein a coolant path through which a coolant flows to cool a semiconductor chip embedded in the resin mold. The resin mold also includes heat spreaders, and electric terminals embedded therein. Each of the heat spreaders has a fin heat sink exposed to the flow of the coolant. The fin heat sink is welded to a surface of each of the heat spreaders through an insulator, thus minimizing an electrical leakage from the heat spreader to the coolant.

Abstract: A semiconductor module is provided which includes a semiconductor unit which is made by a resin mold. The resin mold has formed therein a coolant path through which a coolant flows to cool a semiconductor chip embedded in the resin mold. The resin mold also includes heat spreaders, and electric terminals embedded therein. Each of the heat spreaders has a fin heat sink exposed to the flow of the coolant. The fin heat sink is welded to a surface of each of the heat spreaders through an insulator, thus minimizing an electrical leakage from the heat spreader to the coolant.

Abstract: A semiconductor module is provided which includes a semiconductor unit which is made by a resin mold. The resin mold has formed therein a coolant path through which a coolant flows to cool a semiconductor chip embedded in the resin mold. The resin mold also includes heat spreaders, and electric terminals embedded therein. Each of the heat spreaders has a fin heat sink exposed to the flow of the coolant. The fin heat sink is welded to a surface of each of the heat spreaders through an insulator, thus minimizing an electrical leakage from the heat spreader to the coolant.

Abstract: In a roll of electrically conductive filter materials (21-28) coiled together with spacers (31) to be (38) disposed in alternate relation to the filter materials, the filter materials (21-28) have a plurality of pairs of adjoining edges joined together to define openings for admitting gases into the roll, so that the filter materials (21-28) may collect particulates from the gases flowing therethrough. A central electrode (41) is connected in the center of the roll, while a cylindrical outer electrode (42) is connected about the outer periphery of the roll, so that upon application of an electric voltage thereacross, the two electrodes may supply an electric current to the filter materials (21-28) to heat them for regeneration.

Abstract: Additive is supplied to the lubricating oil by an additive supplying pump according to TBN of the lubricating oil which is detected by a TBN sensor which detects the current produced by the impressed voltage. TBN is kept between 0 and 2.