Abstract: By careful control of composition and processing, Al--Mg based alloy sheets with preferred grain sizes and crystallographic textures that result in good press formability are disclosed. The Al--Mg alloy preferably contains 2-6 wt % Mg, and at least 0.03 wt % of at least one element selected from Fe, Mn, Cr, Zr, and Cu. The crystallographic texture is comprised of grains with a volume fraction in a range of about 5% to 20% in the CUBE orientation {100} <001>, a volume fraction in a range of about 1% to 5% in the GOSS orientation {110} <001>, a volume fraction in a range of about 1% to 10% in each of the BRASS orientation {110} <112>, S orientation {123} <634>, and COPPER orientation {112} <111>, wherein the grain size is in a range of about 20 to 70 .mu.m.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display unit for displaying images, a backlight unit disposed behind the display unit for illuminating the display unit, an inverter unit for electrically controlling the backlight unit, a controller unit for controlling the inverter unit and the display unit, and a power supply unit having an exothermic heat distribution for supplying electricity to the inverter unit and the controller unit. The inverter unit and controller unit are disposed behind the backlight unit and the power supply unit is disposed on a side of the display unit, backlight unit, inverter unit and controller unit. The display unit, backlight unit, inverter unit, controller unit and power supply unit are disposed in a common housing. The inverter unit and the controller unit are arranged behind the backlight unit.

Abstract: A separatory membrane is provided which has a sufficient durability and shows a high rate of permeation therethrough and a high separation factor to a variety of organic substances and a wide range of concentration thereof in mutual separation of organic substances and separation of a water/organic substance mixture by pervaporation, vapor permeation or perstraction. The separatory membrane shows the performance that water permeates selectively through the membrane while satisfying such conditions that the product (QL) of the rate Q (kg/m.sup.2 .multidot.hr) of permeation and the thickness L (.mu.m) of the membrane is at least 0.5 kg.multidot..mu.m/m.sup.2 .multidot.hr and that the separation factor .alpha..gtoreq.10 and log.alpha..gtoreq.-1.77.times.log(QL)+2.77 when the pervaporation performance of a 5-30 .mu.m-thick dense uniform membrane is evaluated using as a liquid feed, an 80 wt. % aqueous solution of acetic acid at a temperature of 70.degree. C.

Abstract: A separatory membrane is provided which has sufficient durability and shows a high rate of permeation therethrough, a high separation factor to a variety of organic substances having a wide range of concentration thereof in mutual separation of organic substances and separation of a water/organic substance mixture by pervaporation, vapor permeation or perstraction. The separatory membrane shows that water permeates selectively through the membrane while satisfying such conditions that the product (QL) of the rate Q (kg/m.sup.2.hr) of permeation and the thickness L (.mu.m) of the membrane is at least 0.5 kg..mu.m/m.sup.2.hr, and that the separation factor .alpha..gtoreq.10 and log.alpha..gtoreq.-1.77.times.log(QL)+2.77 when the pervaporation performance of a 5-30 .mu.m-thick dense uniform membrane is evaluated using, as a liquid feed, an 80 wt. % aqueous solution of acetic acid at a temperature of 70.degree. C.

Abstract: To provide a separating membrane of a polyion complex having excellent separation factor, permeation rate and performance stability and being used in separating a mixture of water and an organic substance in accordance with the separating membrane technology. The separating membrane is a novel one comprising a polyion complex which comprises an ionic combination of an anionic polymer having carboxyl groups with a cationic polymer having divalent piperidinium bases. With respect to the separation characteristics of the separating membrane, a permeation rate is at least 100 g/m.sup.2 .multidot.hr and a separation factor is at least 1,000 in an evaluation according to pervaporation (by reducing the pressure outside the hollow fiber while feeding a 99 wt. % aqueous ethanol solution inside the same at 70.degree. C.). Further, a durability evaluation shows that the permeation rate and separation factor of the separating membrane are respectively 110 g/m.sup.2 .multidot.

Abstract: An organic substance can be separated or concentrated by pervaporation or vapor permeation with a selective separation membrane comprising a polyparabanic acid consisting of recurring units of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a divalent organic group, a blend of the polyparabanic acid with a polymer having sulfonic acid groups, or a polyparabanic acid having sulfonic acid groups and mainly comprising recurring units of the above general formula (I).

Abstract: A selectively water-permeable hydrolyzed membrane characterized in that it is mainly made of a material which can generate a carboxyl group by hydrolysis and that a part of the material is hydrolyzed to have carboxyl groups, which may be further coated with a hydrophilic polymer. The above membrane is useful as a selectively water-permeable membrane and is applicable not only to pervaporation and vapor permeation, but also to reverse osmosis, dehumidification of air and so on.

Abstract: A method of and a device for controlling a counter of a rolled material on a multi-high rolling mill with which method and device very accurate shape control can be attained with certainty and in high responsibility. A strip shape of a rolled material in its widthwise direction on the outgoing side of the rolling mill is detected by a strip shape meter, and the detected shape and a strip thickness are synthetically evaluated using a total performance index. Operation amounts for a strip shape controlling actuator and a strip thickness controlling actuator which make the value of the total performance index minimum are always found out, and the actuators are controlled simultaneously in accordance with the operation amounts to control the strip shape of the rolled material. The apparatus comprises a saddle receiver the vertical position of which is controlled by a roll gap controlling device in accordance with an estimated value to change the gap between upper and lower work rolls of the rolling mill.

Abstract: A permeable membrane through which water or its vapor permeates selectively nd which contains a polyion complex formed by the association by an ionic bond between an anionic polymer and a cationic polymer on the surface of the membrane and/or in the membrane. This membrane is useful in the separation of water from an aqueous solution of an organic substance or a gaseous mixture of water with an organic substance, and exhibits excellent resistance to solvent, particularly water, and a high permeation rate and a high separation coefficient.

Abstract: A magnetic head for digital signal recording/reproducing (FIG. 11) having a C-ring shaped core (11.1) with a gap (G) for introducing leakage flux of a recording medium, a conductor (11.2, Y) for generating bias flux in hard magnetization axis of the core (11.1), apparatus (10.3, 11.3) for illuminating the core (11.1) with polarized optical beam, apparatus (11.4) for analyzing beam reflected by the core to convert polarization rotation to optical strength, and photo-detector (12.5) for providing electrical output signal relating to optical strength. The core is small enough to have a single magnetic domain, and is magnetized in the whole area because of the presence of the bias flux in spite of weak leakage signal flux, thus, the core has the capability to amplify signal flux, thus, the present head has high sensitivity and is capable of detecting flux in small area to be used for high density recording higher than 8000 bits/mm.