Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for controlling enzyme productivity of a microorganism. A pulsed electric field is applied to a microorganism to control the enzyme productivity of the microorganism.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for controlling enzyme productivity of a microorganism. A pulsed electric field is applied to a microorganism to control the enzyme productivity of the microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of preparing an intracellular enzyme of yeast by a simple method. A pulsed electric field is applied to yeast, and the enzyme extracted into an extracellular solution is recovered.

Abstract: [Object] An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment system capable of increasing the treatment rate by causing active species, such as radicals, produced by discharge to efficiently act on treatment water. [Solution] The water treatment system is characterized by including: at least a pair of cylindrical electrode 3 and a linear electrode 4 in a treatment chamber 2, the linear electrode 4 being disposed along the central axis of the cylindrical electrode 3; and treatment water mist supply means 7 for supplying treatment water in the form of mist composed of droplets having a particle diameter of 1500 ?m or less to a discharge space generated by applying a high voltage between the cylindrical electrode 3 and the linear electrode 4.

Abstract: An optical processing apparatus for processing optically a workpiece (7) by using a light beam (B). The apparatus is capable of automatically adjusting a imaging magnification to a predetermined value and at the same time maintaining constant a imaging magnification regardless of exchange of masks (3; 100) and workpieces (7) and for ensuring an extended use life of a mask with satisfactory mask function.

Abstract: A discharge excitation type pulse laser apparatus includes main discharge electrodes and and an auxiliary discharge electrode. In order to make a voltage pulse applied to the auxiliary discharge electrode rise up steeply without incurring any appreciable time lag, a reactor connected in series to a first charging capacitor is constituted by a first saturable reactor 19 with a second saturable reactor being additionally inserted in series to a second charging capacitor. After stray inductance and resistance components of a switch become minimum, inductance of the saturable reactor is first decreased, which is then followed by decreasing of inductance of the first saturable reactor. Degree of steepness of the voltage rise-up for corona and main discharges can set at high values, respectively, whereby preionization is accelerated to allow the main discharge to occur uniformly. The energy injected into the main discharge is increased. Laser output power and oscillation efficiency are enhanced.

Abstract: By dissipating a reverse voltage energy occurring on the pulse generation capacitor (4) of a pulse laser apparatus through the diode (11) connected in parallel with this pulse generation capacitor (4), arc or streamer becomes not occurring, and hence the lifetime of the main discharge electrodes become long and a high-repetition rate oscillation becomes possible.

Abstract: A discharge-excited laser apparatus includes a pair of discharge electrodes extending in a direction of an optical axis; a plurality of charging capacitors charged by a power source; a plurality of peaking capacitors arranged in parallel in a longitudinal direction of the discharge electrodes and receiving energy accumulated in the charging capacitors; and a plurality of semiconductor switches arranged with conductive plates in the longitudinal direction of the discharge electrodes and connected in series and in parallel to the peaking capacitors. The construction of the semiconductor switches enables uniform shift of the energy in the charging capacitors to the peaking capacitors and reduction of inductance of a loop for capacity shifting.

Abstract: A wavelength monitor/stabilizer for narrowly controlling the bandwidth of laser; the monitor/stabilizer uses parameters Q, F or G derived by measuring diameters of interference fringes given by the beam of the wavelength-controlled narrow bandwidth laser e.g. excimer laser and those given by the reference light e.g. of a mercury lamp. The controlling is made by controlling the parameter to be in a predetermined range. An image sensing unit for detecting the interference fringes are splitted into plural image sensors with adjustable distance for enabling more rapid measurement by skipping the in-between part.