Abstract: A dielectric multilayer film is composed of a plurality of layers on a substrate. The plurality of layers includes at least one low refractive index layer and at least one high refractive index layer. The uppermost layer farthest from the substrate is the low refractive index layer. The high refractive index layer disposed on a substrate side of the uppermost layer is a functional layer containing a metal oxide with a photocatalytic function. The uppermost layer is a hydrophilic layer containing a metal oxide with a hydrophilic function and has pores that partially expose a surface of the functional layer. The average width of the pores is equal to or greater than 5 nm.

Abstract: A transparent member according to the present invention is formed by providing at least a substrate or a layer on the substrate, and has a surface section in which the contact angle with respect to water continuously changes.

Abstract: A forming method of a thin layer with a pore is provided. The method includes forming a thin layer on a substrate, stacking a first mask and a second mask on the thin layer in this order, and forming a pore in the thin layer by dry etching. The first mask includes at least a self-assembling material. The second mask is more resistant to reactive etching or physical etching than the first mask.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a hydrophilic film, containing a step of forming a hydrophilic layer mainly composed of SiO2 on a substrate, wherein at least one hydrophilic layer is formed on the substrate by a wet deposition method so that a layer thickness after drying is 10 nm or less in terms of optical layer thickness, and an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the hydrophilic film is 3 nm or more.

Abstract: A dielectric multilayer film is composed of a plurality of layers on a substrate. The plurality of layers includes at least one low refractive index layer and at least one high refractive index layer. The uppermost layer farthest from the substrate is the low refractive index layer. The high refractive index layer disposed on a substrate side of the uppermost layer is a functional layer containing a metal oxide with a photocatalytic function. The uppermost layer is a hydrophilic layer containing a metal oxide with a hydrophilic function and has pores that partially expose a surface of the functional layer. The average width of the pores is equal to or greater than 5 nm.

Abstract: This optical thin film is provided on a substrate, the optical thin film having a silicon oxide layer containing an oxide of silicon (Si), and a water repellent layer is contains a fluoride and is provided on the silicon oxide layer, the hardness of the silicon oxide layer measured by nanoindentation being 9 GPa or greater, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the water repellent layer measured by AFM being 0.7 nm or greater.

Abstract: A transparent member according to the present invention is formed by providing at least a substrate or a layer on the substrate, and has a surface section in which the contact angle with respect to water continuously changes.

Abstract: A forming method of a thin layer with a pore is provided. The method includes forming a thin layer on a substrate, stacking a first mask and a second mask on the thin layer in this order, and forming a pore in the thin layer by dry etching. The first mask includes at least a self-assembling material. The second mask is more resistant to reactive etching or physical etching than the first mask.

Abstract: An optical connector for connecting single mode optical fibers includes a ferrule that connects to and holds an optical fiber, and a resin optical element coupled to the ferrule and that includes a lens positioned relative to an end of the optical fiber held in the ferrule, and the lens is provided with an antireflection structure. When the optical connector is oppositely connected to another identical optical connector, the opposing optical elements are disposed such that a diverging light is emitted from the end of the optical fiber, transmitted through the lens, and emitted as a collimated beam of light, and the collimated beam of light is incident on an opposing lens of the opposing, identical optical connector and condensed onto an end of an opposing optical fiber of the opposing, identical optical connector.

Abstract: An optical connector for connecting single mode optical fibers includes a ferrule that connects to and holds an optical fiber, and a resin optical element coupled to the ferrule and that includes a lens positioned relative to an end of the optical fiber held in the ferrule, and the lens is provided with an antireflection structure. When the optical connector is oppositely connected to another identical optical connector, the opposing optical elements are disposed such that a diverging light is emitted from the end of the optical fiber, transmitted through the lens, and emitted as a collimated beam of light, and the collimated beam of light is incident on an opposing lens of the opposing, identical optical connector and condensed onto an end of an opposing optical fiber of the opposing, identical optical connector.

Abstract: A display member includes a base made of resin, and a hard coat layer disposed on the base. A plurality of conical protrusions protrude from the surface of the base and are covered with the hard coat layer. Each of a height d of the conical protrusion from the surface of the base and a radius r of a cross section of a bottom surface obtained by cutting the conical protrusion along the surface of the base at a position nearest to the base is a dimension of 700 nm or less, and the total area of the bottom surface of the conical protrusions is 70% to 92% with respect to a unit area of the base.