Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording media and method of manufacturing therefore includes a nonmagnetic substrate, an underlayer deposited on the nonmagnetic substrate, and a magnetic recording layer formed on the underlayer, quickly heated, and quenched. A protective layer is deposited on the magnetic recording layer, and a liquid lubricant layer is deposited on the protective layer, to improve an uniaxial anisotropy Ku and a coercive force Hc of the magnetic recording layer.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium includes at least a nonmagnetic substrate, an intermediate layer above the nonmagnetic substrate, a magnetic recording layer on the intermediate layer, a protective layer on the magnetic recording layer, and a liquid lubricant layer on the protective layer, and the magnetic recording layer is an amorphous alloy layer including a rare earth element and a transition metal such as a TbCo layer and a TbFeCo layer containing from 1 at. % to 15 at. % of Ag added to fix the domain walls between the recorded bits and to prevent the bits recorded at a high line recording density from shifting or erasure.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a magnetic recording layer with ferromagnetic crystalline grains and nonmagnetic and nonmetallic grain boundary region surrounding the grains. The surface of its underlayer, before forming the magnetic recording layer, is exposed to an O2 or N2 atmosphere or an atmosphere of rare gas and O2 or N2, to attach the O2 or N2 as nucleation sites for promoting growth of the nonmagnetic and nonmetallic region. By forming the magnetic recording layer thereafter, both ferromagnetic crystalline grains and the nonmagnetic and nonmetallic grain boundary region are formed from the initial stage of the growth of the magnetic recording layer. Thus, a magnetic recording layer having excellent segregation structure can be formed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magnetic recording media includes a magnetic recording layer of a granular magnetic layer that has ferromagnetic crystal grains and an oxide nonmagnetic grain boundary or a nitride nonmagnetic grain boundary surrounding the ferromagnetic crystal grains. It further has an overcoating layer on the granular magnetic recording layer. The overcoating layer contains a nonmagnetic metal or a nonmagnetic alloy that can be diffused into the nonmagnetic grain boundary. The atoms coated on the granular magnetic recording layer diffuse into the nonmagnetic grain boundary even without being annealed, and promote to isolate the ferromagnetic crystal grains from each other. The overcoating can be removed after its formation to reduce the magnetic gap between the magnetic recording layer and the magnetic recording head.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium is formed of a soft magnetic layer, an anti-ferromagnetic layer, a magnetic recording layer, a protective layer, and a liquid lubricant layer deposited in that order on a non-magnetic substrate. The anti-ferromagnetic layer is a Mn alloy containing at least Co at 10 atomic % or greater and 50 atomic % or less or a Mn alloy containing at least Ir at 10 atomic % or greater and 30 atomic % or less. A radial magnetic field is applied during formation of the anti-ferromagnetic layer and the soft magnetic layer. Exchange coupling with the anti-ferromagnetic layer controls magnetic domain walls of the soft magnetic layer. The need for heat treatment after film formation is eliminated.

Abstract: An interface controller adaptively changes the data transfer rate of data being transferred between two or more devices depending on whether one of the devices is powered by an internal power supply and on the destination of the data. The controller includes a clock generator that generates a clock signal, a transfer unit that performs one of a first data transfer and a second data transfer at a transfer rate based on the clock signal, and a control circuit for adaptively changing the frequency of the clock signal depending on whether the first or second data transfer is to be performed.

Abstract: The quantity of oxide contained in a magnetic layer is controlled to control the crystal grains and the segregation structure for ensuring low noise characteristic in a granular magnetic layer of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium. The granular magnetic layer consists of ferromagnetic crystal grains and a nonmagnetic grain boundary region mainly of an oxide surrounding the ferromagnetic crystal grains. The perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a nonmagnetic underlayer composed of a metal or alloy having hexagonal closest-packed crystal structure. The ferromagnetic crystal grain is composed of an alloy containing at least cobalt and platinum. The volume proportion of the nonmagnetic grain boundary region mainly of the oxide falls within a range of 15% to 40% of the volume of the total magnetic layer.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to perform machining that forms holes or grooves for the attachment of parts to the outer circumferential edge surfaces of lenses of various lens patterns, both accurately and with good reproducibility, by means of a simple operation. The spectacle lenses 100 are positioned so that the machining areas of the spectacle lenses 100 are maintained in a fixed positional relationship with the machining reference position of the machining apparatus 200 by using spectacle lens fastening devices 400 which can fasten the spectacle lenses 100 with attached spectacle lens holding jigs 110 in place, and adjust the positions of these spectacle lenses 100, to cause specified positions on the spectacle lenses 100 to contact the reference surfaces of a positioning reference plate 300.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium without shift or loss of written signals even in a case of a high recording density in a rare earth-transition metal alloy amorphous film, and where productivity is excellent. The perpendicular magnetic recording medium includes a soft magnetic under layer, an intermediate layer, a magnetic recording layer including a rare earth-transition metal alloy amorphous film and at least one of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, B, Al, C and Si or a boride or carbide uniformly dispersed in the rare earth-transition metal alloy amorphous film, a protective layer, a liquid lubricant layer, and a nonmagnetic substrate. The soft magnetic under layer, the intermediate layer, the magnetic recording layer, and the protective layer are built up in a predetermined order on the nonmagnetic substrate.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a granular magnetic layer and a nonmagnetic underlayer of a metal or an alloy having a hexagonal closest-packed (hcp) crystal structure. A seed layer of a metal or an alloy of a face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure is provided under the nonmagnetic underlayer. Such a perpendicular magnetic recording medium exhibits excellent magnetic characteristics even when the thickness of the underlayer or the total thickness of the underlayer and the seed layer is very thin. Excellent magnetic characteristics can be obtained even when of the substrate is not preheated. Accordingly, a nonmagnetic substrate, such as a plastic resin can be employed to reduce the manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a magnetic recording layer consisting of two layers. The first magnetic layer, which is a lower layer, comprises crystal grains of a ferromagnetic Co—Cr alloy system and nonmagnetic grain boundaries mainly composed of oxide or nitride, and a thickness a of the first magnetic layer is from 10 nm to 30 nm. The second magnetic layer, which is an upper layer, comprises an amorphous alloy film composed of rare earth element—transition metal alloy, and a thickness b of the second magnetic layer is from 2 nm to 15 nm. The ratio a/b of the thickness a of the first magnetic layer and the thickness b of the second magnetic layer is at least two.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for easily obtaining a perpendicular magnetic recording medium having the desired magnetic properties by sputtering, and a magnetic recording medium obtained by this method. The perpendicular magnetic recording medium of the present invention is a perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprising at least a soft magnetic underlayer, an underlayer, a magnetic recording layer, a protective layer, and a liquid lubricant layer sequentially laminated on a nonmagnetic substrate, wherein the magnetic recording layer is a rare earth-transition metal alloy amorphous film formed by sputtering, and the formation of the magnetic recording layer by sputtering is performed using a film-forming gas incorporating 2% or more, but 60% or less of an H2 gas. The present invention also discloses a method for producing the perpendicular magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: This is an eyeglasses made-to-order system wherein an operator determines eyeglass specifications necessary for ordering eyeglasses, including necessary items relating to each structural member of the eyeglasses, with an interactive system using means including a computer-controlled display screen; wherein any of a plurality of types of basic frame designs prepared in advance is selected from the abovementioned display screen; and the optimum eyeglass specifications reflecting the consumer's preferences can be determined on and ordered from the display screen by arbitrary changes to the structural members of the eyeglasses, including frame type, lens shape, and parts, based on the selected basic frame design. Accordingly, eyeglasses with a design which are more reflective of the eyeglass consumer's preferences can be determined and ordered quickly using only the procedures deemed necessary by the operator.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium and method thereof, includes a nonmagnetic substrate; a soft magnetic under layer; an intermediate layer; a bilayer magnetic recording layer; a protective layer; and a liquid lubricant layer. According to a following order, the soft magnetic under layer, the intermediate layer, the bilayer magnetic recording layer, the protective layer, and the liquid lubricant layer are sequentially stacked on the nonmagnetic substrate. The bilayer magnetic recording layer includes a first magnetic layer including a CoCr alloy crystalline film, and a second magnetic layer including a rare earth-transition metal alloy noncrystalline film.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording media and method of manufacturing therefore includes a nonmagnetic substrate, an underlayer deposited on the nonmagnetic substrate, and a magnetic recording layer formed on the underlayer, quickly heated, and quenched. A protective layer is deposited on the magnetic recording layer, and a liquid lubricant layer is deposited on the protective layer, to improve an uniaxial anisotropy Ku and a coercive force Hc of the magnetic recording layer.

Abstract: A performance of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium, such as an increase in output or a decrease in noise, is improved by providing a good orientation of a magnetic recording layer in the perpendicular magnetic recording medium and by reducing an amount of an initial growth layer in the magnetic recording layer. The perpendicular magnetic recording medium includes an under layer, a magnetic recording layer, a protective film, and a liquid lubrication layer, which are sequentially provided on a non-magnetic substrate. The under layer contains non-magnetic NiFeCr or a permalloy-based soft magnetic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liver function protecting or improving agent, foods and drinks or feeds having liver function protecting or improving activity, and additives for foods and drinks or feeds having liver function protecting or improving activity, which comprise a plant of the family Saxifragaceae or an extract of the plant. Also provided is a method of screening for liver function protecting or improving agents.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium includes a multi-layer magnetic recording layer supported on a non-magnetic substrate. One of the magnetic recording layers includes a magnetic film of a rare earth-transitional metal alloy amorphous material. An embodiment of the rare earth-transitional metal alloy amorphous material additionally includes Cr to improve corrosion resistance. Another of the magnetic recording layers includes a magnetic layer of a CoCr alloy crystalline film. In combination, the multilayer magnetic recording layer provides increased recording density, lower noise, and increased durability.

Abstract: The present invention provides spectacles for which lens replacement is simple, and replacement lens portability is excellent, and which is capable of reliably mounting and fastening a lens to a frame without a risk of damaging a lens. The present invention has a lens-side-connecting member 3 for mounting lens 2 detachably to a frame portion 1, which is constituted by a member separate from lens 2 and is fixed to the edge portion of the lens 2, and a frame-side-connecting member 120, which is disposed on the above-mentioned frame portion 1 for mounting the above-mentioned lens 2 detachably to the above-mentioned frame portion 1 by connecting the same detachably to the above-mentioned lens-side-connecting member 3.

Abstract: A method for controlling data transmission in a network system configured by a first node, a second node, and a third node. The first node has a first port connected to the second node and a second port connected to the third node. The first node enables data received by the first port from the second node to be transmitted by the second port to the third node. The received data includes information of the node to which the received data is addressed. The method compares the information of the first node with the address information included in the received data, temporarily disconnects the third node from the first node when the received data is not addressed to the third node.