Abstract: A display system of electronic manual which allows easy identification of wirings. The display system of electronic manual is provided with a storage device in which stored is an electronic manual provided with a wiring diagram described in a vector image description language and constituted so as to allow reading by a browser program. In response to user's selection of a component on the wiring diagram displayed on a display, a wiring display system highlights the selected component. In response to user's operation of selecting the highlight, the wiring display system highlights wirings extending from the selected component. Moreover, while the wiring is highlighted, in response to user's operation of selecting gray display, the wiring display system switches the elements other than the selected component and the wirings extending from the component on the wiring diagram displayed on the display to be displayed in weak gray.

Abstract: There are provided a hydrogen production apparatus and a hydrogen producing method that can easily bring the temperature of a gas to be supplied to a preferential oxidation catalyst bed to a proper range without the necessity of flow rate control of a cooling medium, and a fuel cell s stem which is relatively inexpensive and can easily realize stable operation.

Abstract: An electronic musical sound generator prevents a sound production sequence to be stopped from continuing to be produced even through the key is released. Even if an erroneous instruction is sent to prevent identification data from being compared, in other words, if a sound production sequence which should be stopped, continues to be produced because of failure to find the sound production sequence to be stopped, the production of the musical sound can be stopped due to the key release because a second decision block searches data in a storage block, regards a key having identification data different from the one sent as the released key, according to the sequence being produced and the key is number, and determines the sound production sequence to be stopped.

Abstract: A cowling structure is provided for a motorcycle in which a radiator is disposed behind a front wheel of the motorcycle. The cowling structure includes a main cowling and a sub cowling. The main cowling covers a periphery of the radiator from the front of a handlebar. The sub cowling is provided in the rear of the cowling through a space. The sub cowling is separate from the cowling. The cowling structure allows wind to effectively hit a radiator, and reduces a force necessary for inclining a vehicle body at the time of cornering.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for industrially efficiently producing a corresponding useful oxidation product such as a cycloalkyl hydroperoxide, a cycloalkanol, and/or a cycloalkanone, especially a particularly useful cycloalkanone, from a cycloalkane with a high selectivity in a good yield at low cost. This method is advantageous in respect of energy and process. Specifically, an oxidation product of a cycloalkane is obtained by oxidizing the cycloalkane in a liquid-liquid two phase system using an aqueous solvent in the presence of a nitrogen atom-containing cyclic compound which contains, as its ring constituent, a structure represented by following Formula (I): wherein X represents an oxygen atom or an —OR group, and wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group, and which has a solubility in water at 25° C. of 0.5 g/100 g-H2O or more.

Abstract: The component tone signal commonly shared by a plurality of keys does not turn to a release signal if one of the keys is released to stop a tone and also while tones of other keys are sustained; the on-data of each key of the keyboard is multiplied in multiplier by the amplitude data set by the draw-bar circuit with the multipliers, added with adder and sent to the sound source circuit; the sine waves of the same waveform and different cycles are generated according to the amplitude data, are synthesized with envelopes from envelope generator, and the added with adder; this envelope generator is disposed at every sound source circuit, that is, every one of the common component tone signals; the component tone signal/sine wave commonly shared by a plurality of keys does not turn to direct to a release state if one of the keys is operated to stop a tone, and also directs not to turn to a release state but to maintain a sustain state while tones of the other keys are sustained.

Abstract: To provide an interaction information processing apparatus capable of easily performing addition and deletion of a scenario, and of suitably executing processing contents, even when a plurality of events are simultaneously input.

Abstract: A signal connecting method and apparatus is provided which can reduce noises and create natural synthesized voices. The signal connecting method (or apparatus) for connecting a plurality of waveform signals and creating a synthesized waveform signal, has: a step (or unit) for determining an upper limit frequency of a frequency spectrum of each of the plurality of waveform signals; and a step (or unit) for filtering at least a connection portion of each waveform signal by using predetermined filter characteristics having the determined upper limit frequency. The cut-off frequency of the filtering is the higher upper limit frequency in upper limit frequencies of spectra of adjacent two waveform signals before and after the connection portion of the waveform signals. Higher harmonics to be caused by discontinuity of the connection portion of waveform signals can be effectively removed and noises of synthesized waveform signals can be reduced considerably.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for industrially efficiently producing a corresponding useful oxidation product such as a cycloalkyl hydroperoxide, a cycloalkanol, and/or a cycloalkanone, especially a particularly useful cycloalkanone, from a cycloalkane with a high selectivity in a good yield at low cost. This method is advantageous in respect of energy and process. Specifically, an oxidation product of a cycloalkane is obtained by oxidizing the cycloalkane in a liquid-liquid two phase system using an aqueous solvent in the presence of a nitrogen atom-containing cyclic compound which contains, as its ring constituent, a structure represented by following Formula (I): wherein X represents an oxygen atom or an —OR group, and wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group, and which has a solubility in water at 25° C. of 0.5 g/100 g-H2O or more.

Abstract: A voice signal interpolation apparatus is provided which can restore original human voices from human voices in a compressed state while maintaining a high sound quality. When a voice signal representative of a voice to be interpolated is acquired by a voice data input unit 1, a pitch deriving unit 2 filters this voice signal to identify a pitch length from the filtering result. A pitch length fixing unit 3 makes the voice signal have a constant time length of a section corresponding to a unit pitch, and generates pitch waveform data. A sub-band dividing unit 4 converts the pitch waveform data into sub-band data representative of a spectrum. A plurality of sub-band data pieces are averaged by an averaging unit 5 and thereafter a sub-band synthesizing unit 6 converts the sub-band data pieces into a signal representative of a waveform of the voice by a sub-band synthesizing unit 6.

Abstract: A favorable high-frequency signal is generated and practical high-frequency signal interpolation is implemented through simple processing. A digital audio signal reproduced by an instrument, which also carries out compression, is supplied as an original signal to an input terminal 1, and this original signal is then supplied to a digital sample and hold circuit 3 via a band-pass filter 2. The signal from the digital sample and hold circuit 3 is supplied to a ±1 multiplier 6, which then alternately inverts sign bits. The harmonic components of this signal in which the sign bits are inverted alternately are extracted by a high-pass filter (HPF) 7. Meanwhile, the original signal from the input terminal 1 is supplied to a delay circuit 8 equivalent to the processing time consumed by the aforementioned digital sample and hold circuit 3 and related circuits, forming an adjusted, delayed signal.

Abstract: A quality high frequency signal is generated through simple processing, and practical high frequency signal interpolation is carried out. A digital audio signal reproduced by an apparatus, which carries out compression, is provided to an input terminal 1 as an original signal. This original signal is sent to a peak value detection and holding circuit 2, which detects and holds a peak value and then generates a square wave signal; wherein a higher harmonic component is included in the square wave signal. This higher harmonic component is extracted by a high pass filter (HPF) 3. On the other hand, the original signal from the input terminal 1 is sent to a delay circuit 4, which delays it for a time equivalent to the processing time of the peak value detection and holding circuit 2 described above. The resulting delayed, aligned signal is sent to a low pass filter (LPF) 5, which then generates a high frequency component-removed signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a speech signal compression device which allows a storage capacity of data representing speech to be efficiently compressed. In the present invention, a computer C1 operates with respect to speech data to be compressed into speech data for each phoneme on the basis of phoneme labeling data, to unify the time length of a unit pitch section for each of the divided speech data into the same value, thereby creating a pitch waveform and creating a sub-band data representing variation in time of spectrum components of the pitch waveform signal. Also, this sub-band data is compressed so as to match a condition designated by a table for compression, and the compressed data is further encoded in entropy to output the entropy coded data.

Abstract: A pitch wave signal creation method as a preliminary process for efficiently coding a speech wave signal having a fluctuated pitch period is provided. A speech signal compressing/expanding apparatus and a speech signal synthesizing apparatus using the method, and a signal processing associated therewith are further provided. The pitch wave creation method of the invention is essentially comprised of a method of detecting the instantaneous pitch period of each pitch wave element of the speech wave signal, and a process of converting a corresponding pitch wave element into a normalized pitch wave element having a predetermined fixed time length by expanding and compressing the pitch wave element on a time axis while retaining its wave pattern based on the each detected instantaneous pitch period. The speech signal having a pitch fluctuation can be compressed in high quality and high efficiency by coding or synthesizing the speech wave signal using the pitch wave signal creation method of the invention.

Abstract: A pitch wave signal creation method as a preliminary process for efficiently coding a speech wave signal having a fluctuated pitch period is provided. A speech signal compressing/expanding apparatus and a speech signal synthesizing apparatus using the method, and a signal processing associated therewith are further provided. The pitch wave creation method of the invention is essentially comprised of a method of detecting the instantaneous pitch period of each pitch wave element of the speech wave signal, and a process of converting a corresponding pitch wave element into a normalized pitch wave element having a predetermined fixed time length by expanding and compressing the pitch wave element on a time axis while retaining its wave pattern based on the each detected instantaneous pitch period. The speech signal having a pitch fluctuation can be compressed in high quality and high efficiency by coding or synthesizing the speech wave signal using the pitch wave signal creation method of the invention.

Abstract: To provide a speech coding technology that realizes a low bit rate and can suppress distortion of reproduction speech as compared with a conventional technology. There are provided pitch detecting means 5 that detects a pitch frequency of an input speech signal, residual calculating means 6 that calculates the difference (residual frequency) between the pitch frequency and a reference frequency, a frequency shifter 4 that shifts a frequency of the input speech signal in proportional to the residual frequency in a direction for being close to the reference frequency and equalizes a pitch period, and orthogonal transforming means that orthogonally transforms the speech signal (pitch-equalizing speech signal) output by the frequency shifter 4 by a constant number of the pitch intervals and generates transforming coefficient data, and waveform coding means that encodes the transforming coefficient data.

Abstract: An inverting negative voltage DC-DC power supply circuit comprises a first resistor having one end connected to an output terminal for converting a change in output voltage into a current. A zero-volt clamp circuit is connected to the other end of the first resistor and comprises a first and second transistor. A current mirror circuit comprises a third and fourth transistor and is connected to the zero-volt clamp circuit for causing a current of the same value as that of a current flowing in the zero-volt clamp circuit to flow. A second resistor is connected to the current mirror circuit for converting a change in current flowing from the zero-volt clamp circuit into a voltage.

Abstract: The pitch extracting part generates a pitch waveform signal in a manner making the time interval of the pitch of the input audio sound data to be the same. After the number of samples in each region is made to be the same by the re-sampling part, the pitch waveform signal is changed into a subband data that express a time-varying-strength of a basic frequency composition and a higher harmonic composition by the subband analyzing part. The subband data are superimposed by a modulation wave composition that expresses attaching data of an attaching object by the data attaching part and is regarded as a bit stream to output through a nonlinear quantizing. A portion expressing the higher harmonic composition that is made corresponding to the audio sound expressed by this audio sound data in the subband data are deleted by the encoding part.

Abstract: There are provided a high frequency signal interpolation method and a high frequency signal interpolation device for forming a preferable high frequency signal with a simple configuration and favorably performing practical high frequency signal interpolation. Therefore, according to the present invention, a compressed digital audio signal reproduced from a digital audio device is supplied as a raw signal to an input terminal 1. The raw signal is supplied, for example, to a Hilbert conversion circuit 2 for generating an analytic signal. A real part R and an imaginary part I of the analytic signal are taken out, independently. Furthermore, the real part R and the imaginary part I are supplied to square circuits 3 and 4, respectively. Subsequently, squared signals are added in an adder circuit 5, respectively. The added signal is supplied to a square-root circuit 6 and an envelope component of the raw signal is taken out. A harmonic component is formed in the envelop component.

Abstract: A plurality of instructions to be executed in an order of being issued without an appointment of a waiting time or a starting moment are designed to be executed after a certain waiting time; instructions to be executed in an order of being issued without designation of starting moment or waiting time are provided with starting moment or waiting time information so that the instructions can be executed in an order designated by the time information.