Abstract: An insulating substrate with metal foils on both sides thereof is prepared, and a through hole that passes through the metal foils and insulating substrate is formed. An electroless copper plating layer is formed on an inner surface of the through hole and a surface of each of the metal foils, followed by the formation of an electrolytic copper plating layer on the overall surface of the electroless copper plating layer. After removing the electrolytic copper plating layer except the portions on the inner surface and a peripheral region of the through hole, the metal foils are processed to form conductor patterns.

Abstract: Provided is an environment which enables a user to implement 3D space design on a computer accessible to a server computer via a network. The server computer includes a layout design program which is operable on a screen activated by a browser of the client computer to enable the user to implement space design of a layout in the terms of a 2D image, an object database which stores object data used for layout design for retrieval and extraction, and a 3D display program which is operable on the browser screen of the client computer to display the designed space in the terms of a 3D image. The client computer is equipped with the browser capable of executing programs of the layout design program and the 3D display program. Upon receiving the layout design program and the 3D display program from the server computer via the network, the programs of the layout design program and the 3D display program are executable on the browser screen.

Abstract: An insulating substrate with metal foils on both sides thereof is prepared, and a through hole that passes through the metal foils and insulating substrate is formed. An electroless copper plating layer is formed on an inner surface of the through hole and a surface of each of the metal foils, followed by the formation of an electrolytic copper plating layer on the overall surface of the electroless copper plating layer. After removing the electrolytic copper plating layer except the portions on the inner surface and a peripheral region of the through hole, the metal foils are processed to form conductor patterns.

Abstract: Provided is an environment which enables a user to implement 3D space design on a computer accessible to a server computer via a network. The server computer includes a layout design program which is operable on a screen activated by a browser of the client computer to enable the user to implement space design of a layout in the terms of a 2D image, an object database which stores object data used for layout design for retrieval and extraction, and a 3D display program which is operable on the browser screen of the client computer to display the designed space in the terms of a 3D image. The client computer is equipped with the browser capable of executing programs of the layout design program and the 3D display program. Upon receiving the layout design program and the 3D display program from the server computer via the network, the programs of the layout design program and the 3D display program are executable on the browser screen.

Abstract: In the present invention, a winder shaft of a toner supplying device and that of an imaging cartridge are coupled with gears, and a lock lever for locking rotation of gears is provided with the toner supplying device. Moreover, only when the imaging cartridge is attached to the toner supplying device, the lock lever is set released by a rib disposed for the imaging cartridge, whereby removals of seals for the toner supplying device and the imaging cartridge is made feasible. Thus, without accompanying fear that the seals are removed during storage, toner supplying device can be attached so as to supply toner when a toner in the imaging cartridge is used up.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a developing unit which is removably installed in a body of the image forming apparatus, a shutter covering a developing region of the photosensitive member when the developing unit is removed from the body of the image forming apparatus and a cleaning member capable of cleaning the surface of the photosensitive member in accordance with rotation of the photosensitive member by making contact with the photosensitive member in conjunction with the shutter covering operation, but which does not contact the photosensitive member when the shutter is open. During a control operation, foreign matter such as used developer adhered to the photosensitive member is removed when the photosensitive member is rotated with the shutter closed.