Abstract: The present invention provides a metal halide lamp in which the change of the color temperature is suppressed regardless of the orientation of the light emitting bulb in use. The metal halide lamp includes a light emitting bulb of translucent ceramics that includes a light emitting portion and tubular portions that are connected to the light emitting portion. The light emitting portion includes a liquid holding portion on the inner surface of the light emitting portion so as to hold a liquefied substance that moves on the inner surface toward one of the tubular portions. The internal diameter d of the light emitting bulb at the liquid holding portion satisfies 0.4D<d<0.7D, where D is an internal diameter of the light emitting bulb at the maximum internal diameter portion of the light emitting portion.

Abstract: To form an arc tube body including a main tube portion to be a discharge space and thin tube portions for accommodating electrodes, a core (6) is disposed in a hollow space formed by a pair of arc tube body formation molds (7) and (8) and thereafter, a slurry (12) is injected into a space between the molds (7), (8) and the core (6). In the core (6), portions for forming the internal shape of the thin tube portions of the arc tube body are provided with a shaft (3).

Abstract: To form an arc tube body including a main tube portion to be a discharge space and thin tube portions for accommodating electrodes, a core (6) is disposed in a hollow space formed by a pair of arc tube body formation molds (7) and (8) and thereafter, a slurry (12) is injected into a space between the molds (7), (8) and the core (6). In the core (6), portions for forming the internal shape of the thin tube portions of the arc tube body are provided with a shaft (3).

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal halide lamp in which the change of the color temperature is suppressed regardless of the orientation of the light emitting bulb in use. The metal halide lamp includes a light emitting bulb of translucent ceramics that includes a light emitting portion and tubular portions that are connected to the light emitting portion. The light emitting portion includes a liquid holding portion on the inner surface of the light emitting portion so as to hold a liquefied substance that moves on the inner surface toward one of the tubular portions. The internal diameter d of the light emitting bulb at the liquid holding portion satisfies 0.4 D<d<0.7 D, where D is an internal diameter of the light emitting bulb at the maximum internal diameter portion of the light emitting portion.

Abstract: To form an arc tube body including a main tube portion to be a discharge space and thin tube portions for accommodating electrodes, a core (6) is disposed in a hollow space formed by a pair of arc tube body formation molds (7) and (8) and thereafter, a slurry (12) is injected into a space between the molds (7), (8) and the core (6). In the core (6), portions for forming the internal shape of the thin tube portions of the arc tube body are provided with a shaft (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of laminating ceramic greenware sheets with electrodes embedded therein (25) which is formed on a support by pressure-adhering a ceramic greenware sheet with an electrode embedded therein onto a second ceramic greenware sheet or other electrodes (23), then peeling off the support alone and transferring the ceramic greenware sheet with the embedded electrodes onto the second ceramic greenware sheet or the other electrodes. This manufacturing method enables it to laminate ceramic greenware sheets each the thickness of which is as thin as 20 micrometers or less, while maintaining their mechanical strength and embedded electrodes in the ceramic greenware sheets, thereby enabling it to prevent a occurrence of surface irregularities due to the thickness of the electrodes even when laminating to a high degree.

Abstract: A display apparatus using a light-transmitting ceramic having an electrooptic effect. A voltage application head has at least a pair of electrodes which contact the light-transmitting ceramic. The head is driven by a head driver so as to scan across a surface of the light-transmitting ceramic. Electrodes may be formed also on the surface of the light-transmitting ceramic. A bright and dark pattern caused by double refraction in the light-transmitting ceramic is seen through a polarizing plate.

Abstract: A display apparatus using a light-transmitting ceramic plate having an electrooptic effect known as Kerr effect is disclosed. The ceramic plate is placed between two parallel polarizers having a same axis of polarization. A transparent flexible sheet faces a surface of the ceramic plate. The flexible sheet has a plurality of transparent striped electrodes on a surface facing the surface of the ceramic plate. The striped electrodes are locally brought into contact with the surface of the ceramic plate by a pressure applied by a pressure application head which is either always or intermittently pressed onto the flexible sheet. The pressure application head is movable in a direction parallel to the striped electrodes for scanning.

Abstract: An electrooptic shutter array element has a light transmissive substrate, a pair of electrodes having a plurality of opposed terminal portions formed on the substrate, a light shading mask provided with a plurality of windows corresponding to the opposed pairs of terminal portions of the electrodes, and a pair of polarizing plates provided in front and behind the substrate. The terminal portions and windows are properly arranged to distribute an electric field within each of the window areas so that the transmittance of the shutter array element is substantially constant regardless of a temperature change.

Abstract: An optoelectronic shutter array element useful as a writing head for an optical printer and using a transparent ceramic substrate having an electrooptical effect, which element reduces abrupt change in the electric field strength so as to improve the stability of the permeability of the optoelectronic shutter, the element being provided on the main surface of the transparent ceramic substrate with grooves having therein the electrodes with the electrodes covering the bottom and side wall surfaces of the grooves and the main surface of the substrate in the vicinity of the grooves.