Abstract: An imaging optical system includes a first lens group having positive power, a second lens group, and a third lens group. The first lens group includes a sub-lens group G1A, an aperture stop, and a sub-lens group G1B. The sub-lens group G1A includes a lens L1A1 and a lens L1A2. An object-side surface of the lens L1A1 is convex toward an object. The third lens group includes a lens L3E having negative power and a lens L3P located adjacent to, and closer to the object than, the lens L3E.

Abstract: An imaging optical system includes: a front group having positive power; an aperture stop; a single lens Fn arranged adjacent to the aperture stop and having negative power; and a rear group having power. The front group includes: a first lens having positive power; a second lens having negative power; and a lens LG1R having positive power. The rear group includes a lens LGnR having negative power and located closest to the image. While focusing to make a transition from an infinity in-focus state to a close-object in-focus state, neither the front group nor the rear group moves but the single lens Fn moves along an optical axis toward the image. The imaging optical system satisfies the inequality: 0.38<fLG1R/fG1<1.75, where fG1 is a focal length of the front group and fLG1R is a focal length of the lens LG1R.

Abstract: A zoom lens system is an optical system that includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group having one first lens element with positive optical power, a second lens group having one second lens element with negative optical power, a third lens group with negative optical power, and a subsequent lens group including at least two lens groups. When zooming, distances between the lens groups change, and condition: 1.65<|f2|/fw<2.20 (where f2: Focal length of the second lens group, and fw: Focal length of the entire system at a wide-angle end) is satisfied.

Abstract: A zoom lens system is an optical system that includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group having one first lens element with positive optical power, a second lens group having one second lens element with negative optical power, a third lens group with negative optical power, and a subsequent lens group including at least two lens groups. When zooming, distances between the lens groups change, and condition: 1.65<|f2|/fw<2.20 (where f2: Focal length of the second lens group, and fw: Focal length of the entire system at a wide-angle end) is satisfied.

Abstract: A composition for external application to skin, containing a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, and/or a quaternary ammonium salt represented by formula (II): wherein R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched chain alkyl group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms; X is —CO—NH—, —O—CO—O—, —NH—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—; Y is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are the same as or different from each other; R4, R5 and R6, which may the same as or different from each other, each are an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and A? is a counter ion.

Abstract: A method for regulating hair growth is provided which comprises administering, to a subject in need thereof, dodecylcarbomoylmethyltrimethylammonium chloride and/or a compound of salt thereof selected from 2-dimethylamino-N-ethyl-acetamide, 2-dimethylamino-N-(2-{2-[2-(2-dimethylamino-acetylamino)-ethoxy]-ethoxy}-ethyl)-acetamide, 2-dimethylamino-N-[8-(2-dimethylamino-acetylamino)-octyl]-acetamide, 2-dimethylamino-N-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-dimethylamino-acetylamino)-ethoxy]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-ethyl]-acetamide, 2-dimethylamino-N-[12-(2-dimethylamino-acetylamino)-dodecyl]-acetamide, and 2-dimethylamino-N-[4-(2-dimethylamino-acetamino)-butyl]acetamide.

Abstract: A hair growth regulating agent containing, as an active ingredient, a compound represented by the following formula (I): [wherein R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C2 to C25 alkyl group; a group represented by the following formula (II): (wherein R1? represents a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C2 to C20 alkylene group, or —(CH2)n-{O—(CH2)m}o-O—(CH2)p- in which each of n, m, o, and p is an integer from 1 to 6; X? represents —CO—NH—, —O—CO—O—, —NH—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—; Y? represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C4 alkylene group; R2? represents a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl group; R3? represents a C1 to C4 alkyl group; and when R2? and R3? each represent a C1 to C4 alkyl group, the two alkyl groups may be identical to or different from each other); or a group represented by the following formula (III): (wherein R1?, X?, and Y? have the same meanings as defined above; R4?, R5?, and R6?, which may be identical to or different from one another,

Abstract: A composition for external application to skin, containing a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, and/or a quaternary ammonium salt represented by formula (II): wherein R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched chain alkyl group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms; X is —CO—NH—, —O—CO—O—, —NH—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—; Y is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are the same as or different from each other; R4, R5 and R6, which may the same as or different from each other, each are an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and A? is a counter ion.

Abstract: treating method for hair growth inhibition, which comprises administering (A) the extract of a plant of the family Juniperus or a malt. In addition, the present invention relates to a dermatologic composition for external use, which comprises (B) an elastase inhibitor or neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and the above-described component (A) and/or (C) at least one proteolytic enzyme selected from the group consisting of papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, bromelain, ficin and pancreatin.

Abstract: A topical skin composition containing a dipeptide compound represented by formula (1) or a salt of the dipeptide: wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkanoyl group, or —CH(R6)COOR7 (wherein R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R7 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group); R2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent; R3 represents a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group; R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and may form a heterocyclic ring together with R5 and an adjacent nitrogen atom; R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aralkyl group which may have a substituent, and may form the heterocyclic ring together with R4; X represents —COOR8 (wherein R8 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group) or —SO3H; and n is an integer of 0-4; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treating method for hair growth inhibition, which comprises administering (A) the extract of a plant of the family Juniperus or a malt. In addition, the present invention relates to a dermatologic composition for external use, which comprises (B) an elastase inhibitor or neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and the above-described component (A) and/or (C) at least one proteolytic enzyme selected from the group consisting of papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, bromelain, ficin and pancreatin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method of inhibiting hair growth, which comprises administering an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and use of an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor for the preparation of a hair-growth inhibitor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method of inhibiting hair growth, which comprises administering an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and-use of an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor for the preparation of a hair-growth inhibitor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method of inhibiting hair growth, which comprises administering an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and use of an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor for the preparation of a hair-growth inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treating method for hair growth inhibition, which comprises administering (A) the extract of a plant of the family Juniperus or a malt. In addition, the present invention relates to a dermatologic composition for external use, which comprises (B) an elastase inhibitor or neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and the above-described component (A) and/or (C) at least one proteolytic enzyme selected from the group consisting of papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, bromelain, ficin and pancreatin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method of inhibiting hair growth, which comprises administering an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and use of an inhibitor of elastase-like enzymes or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor for the preparation of a hair-growth inhibitor.

Abstract: A topical skin composition containing a dipeptide compound represented by formula (1) or a salt of the dipeptide: 1

Abstract: A topical skin composition containing a dipeptide compound represented by, formula (1) or a salt of the dipeptide: wherein R1 represents a, hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkanoyl group, or —CH(R6)COOR7 (wherein R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R7 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group); R2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent; R3 represents a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group; R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and may form a heterocyclic ring together with R5 and an adjacent nitrogen atom; R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aralkyl group which may have a substituent, and may form the heterocyclic ring together with R4; X represents —COOR8 (wherein R8 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group) or —SO3H; and n is an integer of 0-4; and

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treating method for hair growth inhibition, which comprises administering (A) the extract of a plant of the family Juniperus or a malt. In addition, the present invention relates to a dermatologic composition for external use, which comprises (B) an elastase inhibitor or neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and the above-described component (A) and/or (C) at least one proteolytic enzyme selected from the group consisting of papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, bromelain, ficin and pancreatin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a treating method for hair growth inhibition, which comprises administering (A) the extract of a plant of the family Juniperus or a malt. In addition, the present invention relates to a dermatologic composition for external use, which comprises (B) an elastase inhibitor or neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, and the above-described component (A) and/or (C) at least one proteolytic enzyme selected from the group consisting of papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, bromelain, ficin and pancreatin.