Abstract: A liquid crystal composition which comprises at least one phenylbenzoate derivative represented by formula (1) wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons and others; X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; A and B each independently represent a 1,4-phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group and others; Z1 and Z2 each independently represent —CH2CH2—, —CO—O—, a covalent bond and others; m and n each independently represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition which comprises at least one phenylbenzoate derivative represented by formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-10 carbons and others; X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; A and B each independently represent a 1,4-phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group and others; Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 each independently represent --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CO--O--, a covalent bond and others; m and n each independently represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: Chlorobenzene derivatives which have the following four-ring structure and are preferably usable for display devices of active matrix mode, and liquid crystal compositions comprising the derivative are provided: ##STR1## wherein ring A, ring B, and ring C independently represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or 1,4-phenylene group, one or more hydrogen atoms on the six-membered ring of which may be replaced by halogen atoms, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, and Z.sub.3 represent --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or single bond, respectively, provided that at least one of them represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 represent H or halogen atom, and R represents an alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, provided that when Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.3 represent single bond and Z.sub.2 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, ring A represents 1,4-phenylene group, and when Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 represent single bond, and Z.sub.3 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.

Abstract: In order to provide novel compounds which are useful as liquid crystal materials for low voltages in several liquid crystal displays, have a large dielectric anisotropy, and are low in viscosity; and to improve characteristics of liquid crystal compositions, difluorooxymethane derivatives expressed by the following general formula (I) and liquid crystal compositions containing the compound are proposed ##STR1## wherein each of l, m, and n is 0 or 1, rings A.sub.1 to A.sub.3 independently represent six-membered rings such as trans-1,4-cyclohexylene and 1,4-phenylene, Z.sub.1 to Z.sub.3 independently represent a bonding group such as covalent bond and --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, L.sub.1 to L.sub.4 independently represent hydrogen atom or halogen atom, and X represents a group such as halogen atom and OCF3.They are useful as liquid crystal materials for low voltages in several modes such as active matrix mode and STN mode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition which comprises as a first component at least one or more compounds represented by formula (1') ##STR1## wherein n represents an integer of 1-10; X represents H or F; or m represents 1 or 2 and as a second component at least one or more compounds represented by formulas (2-1) to (2-5) in which n represents an integer of 1-10.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compositions are provided which have a particularly excellent miscibility at low temperatures, properly large .DELTA.n, and small Vth and viscosity while satisfying several characteristics required of liquid crystal composition for AM-LCD.Disclosed are liquid crystal compositions containing, as a first component, at least one compound expressed by general formula either (I-1) or (I-2), and containing, as a second component, at least one compound expressed by any one of general formulas (II-1) to (II-7) ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of 1 to 10, Z.sup.1 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or single bond, X represents F or OCF.sub.3, Y represents H or F, and m is 0 or 1.The liquid crystal compositions of the present invention are useful as liquid crystal material for low voltage in several modes such as active matrix mode and STN mode.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound expressed by the general formula (1) ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and one CH.sub.2 group in the alkyl group may be replaced by oxygen atom or --CH.dbd.CH--; X represents hydrogen atom or fluorine atom; Y represents hydrogen atom or alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; l and m independently represent 0 or 1, respectively; and n and p independently represent an integer of 0 to 10, respectively, and when p is 0, n is 1 or more, and when Y is an alkoxy group, X is a fluorine atom and p is 0.)Liquid crystal compositions which are suitable for use in liquid crystal display devices, have a high clearing point, and have a function of decreasing viscosity, and novel liquid crystalline compounds useful as a component of the liquid crystal compositions are provided.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compositions are provided which have particularly a low threshold voltage, excellent miscibility at low temperatures, and a wide nematic phase range while satisfying several characteristics required of liquid crystal compositions for AM-LCD. The liquid crystal compositions contain, as a first component, at least one compound expressed by either formula (I-1) or (I-2), and as a second component, at least one compound expressed by any one of formulas (II-1) to (II-7) ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of 1 to 10, Z.sub.1 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or a single bond, X represents F, OCF.sub.3 or CF.sub.3, and Y represents H or F.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystalline compound having a high elastic constant ratio (K.sub.33 /K.sub.11) and an improved solubility thereof in other liquid crystal materials, at low temperatures, and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided. The liquid crystalline compound is expressed by the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein Q represents CF.sub.3, CF.sub.2 H or CFH.sub.2 ; A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 each independently represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms on its six-membered ring may be replaced by F, Cl or CN, pyridine-2,5-diyl group or 1,3-pyrimidine-2,5-diyl; ring B represents 1,4-phenylene group or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group; Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 each independently represent covalent bond, --C.dbd.C--, --C.tbd.C--, --OCO--, --COO--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --; l and m each independently represent an integer of 0 to 5; o and p each independently represent 0 or 1; L.sub.1 and L.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound exhibiting a large .DELTA..epsilon. value, an electrical and chemical stability and a superior compatibility with existing liquid crystalline compounds, a liquid crystal composition containing the same, and a liquid crystal display element constructed by using the composition are provided,which liquid crystalline compound is expressed by the formula (I),F--(CH.sub.2)n-E--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.k --G--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.l --L--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two not adjacent CH.sub.2 group excluding the terminal in this group may be replaced by --CO-- group, --OCO-- group, --COO-- group or --CH.dbd.CH group; X and Z each represents H, F or Cl; Y represents perfluoroalkyl group or perfluoroalkyloxy group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and one or two F atoms in this group may be replaced by H; one of A, B and C represents cyclohexene ring and the others thereof are chosen from among covalent bond or cyclohexane group and benzene ring and these rings may be substituted by F or Cl; and l, m and n each are 0 or 1, independently of each other, but when m=0, then l=0.EffectivenessIt is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition having a large .DELTA.n, a low viscosity and a high voltage-holding ratio, and exhibiting a nematic liquid crystal phase within a broad temperature range and having a very high .DELTA..epsilon.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystal material having a carbon chain containing a conjugated diene as a terminal substituent of the molecule and exhibiting superior characteristics is provided, which is a diene derivative expressed by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R and R' each independently represent 1-5C alkyl; A and B each independently represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; n is 0 or 1; m is an integer of 0 to 2; X and X' each independently represent H atom or F atom when A is 1,4-phenylene or represent H atom when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; Y is alkyl, halogen or CN, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-phenylene, or represent alkyl, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; and R and R' are not simultaneously alkyl chain of 4 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystalline compound having a high elastic constant ratio (K.sub.33 /K.sub.11) and an improved solubility thereof in other liquid crystal materials, at low temperatures, and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided. The liquid crystalline compound is expressed by the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein Q represents CF.sub.3, CF.sub.2 H or CFH.sub.2 ; A.sub.1, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3 each independently represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms on its six-membered ring may be replaced by F, Cl or CN, pyridine-2,5-diyl group or 1,3-pyrimidine-2,5-diyl; ring B represents 1,4-phenylene group or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group; Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 each independently represent covalent bond, --C.dbd.C--, --C.tbd.C--, --OCO--, --COO--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --; l and m each independently represent an integer of 0 to 5; o and p each independently represent 0 or 1; L.sub.1 and L.

Abstract: As a liquid crystal compound, a dicyclohexylethylene derivative, which has a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a low viscosity, a large .DELTA..epsilon. value, a high stability, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The dicyclohexylethylene derivative is represented by general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 linear alkyl; and X represents fluorine or trifluoromethyl. This compound can widen the working range of a liquid crystal display element because of its high NI point, can improve the response speed of the display element because of its low viscosity, and can lower the voltage for driving the display element because of its high positive .DELTA..epsilon. value. Furthermore, it is so stable against changes in environmental factors that it can be used in various liquid crystal display elements of, for example, active matrix drive type using TFT.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystal material having a carbon chain containing a conjugated diene as a terminal substituent of the molecule and exhibiting superior characteristics is provided, which is a diene derivative expressed by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R and R' each independently represent 1-5C alkyl; A and B each independently represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; n is 0 or 1; m is an integer of 0 to 2; X and X' each independently represent H atom or F atom when A is 1,4-phenylene or represent H atom when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; Y is alkyl, halogen or CN, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-phenylene, or represent alkyl, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; and R and R' are not simultaneously alkyl chain of 4 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel compound having superior characteristics as a liquid crystal material and having a good stability under usual use environment, and a composition having improved viscosity, optical anisotropy and other properties, and further a liquid crystal display element are provided,the compound being a hexenediyne compound expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represent an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, independently of each other; rings A and B each represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; and X represents H or F), and particularly when fluorine atom is introduced into the central part of the molecule of the compound, the viscosity is notably lowered; and when a liquid crystal composition is composed of the compound as its component, the operation temperature range of the liquid crystal composition is broadened, and the high speed response becomes possible due to the viscosity reduction, and when the cell thickness is reduced, a good display can be realized.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two not adjacent CH.sub.2 group excluding the terminal in this group may be replaced by --CO-- group, --OCO-- group, --COO-- group or --CH.dbd.CH group; X and Z each represents H, F or Cl; Y represents perfluoroalkyl group or perfluoroalkyloxy group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and one or two F atoms in this group may be replaced by H; one of A, B and C represents cyclohexene ring and the others thereof are chosen from among covalent bond or cyclohexane group and benzene ring and these rings may be substituted by F or Cl; and l, m and n each are 0 or 1, independently of each other, but when m=0, then l=0. It is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition having a large .DELTA.n, a low viscosity and a high voltage-holding ratio, and exhibiting a nematic liquid crystal phase within a broad temperature range and having a very high .DELTA..epsilon.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound which has a low viscosity and is electrically and chemically stable and compatible with other known liquid crystalline compounds at low temperatures, and a liquid crystal composition containing the same, which compound is a phenyl-4-cyclohexylbutylcyclohexane derivative expressed by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 are each independent and X.sub.1 and X.sub.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom and X.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms (wherein one --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- bond may be replaced by a --CH.dbd.CH-- bond and one non-adjacent --CH.sub.2 -- bond may be replaced by an oxygen atom), a halogen atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group or a trifluoromethoxy group.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystal material having a carbon chain containing a conjugated diene as a terminal substituent of the molecule and exhibiting superior characteristics is provided, which is a diene derivative expressed by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R and R' each independently represent 1-5C alkyl; A and B each independently represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; n is 0 or 1; m is an integer of 0 to 2; X and X' each independently represent H atom or F atom when A is 1,4-phenylene or represent H atom when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; Y is alkyl, halogen or CN, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-phenylene, or represent alkyl, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; and R and R' are not simultaneously alkyl chain of 4 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystal compound having an intermediate group of a cis-1,4-substituted 2-butenyl group, low viscosity and a broad mesomorphic temperature range is provided, which compound is expressed by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, n represents 1 or 2, X represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkoxy group, a methyl group substituted by 1 to 3 halogen atom(s) or a trihaloalkoxy group, and Y and Y' each independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a halogen atom.