Abstract: A method of data transmission for mobile near-field payment that is performed in a user equipment, comprising: establishing a first communication link based on near-field communication with a POS terminal; after the establishment of the first communication link, establishing a secure channel with the POS terminal, in order to conduct the first interaction related to the transaction request with the POS terminal through the secure channel; establishing a second communication link with the POS terminal, wherein the second communication link has longer communication distance and faster transmission speed compared to the first communication link, and the second communication link is arranged to conduct data transmission in an encryption manner; via the second communication link, the user equipment conducts the second interaction related to the transaction reply with the POS terminal. Also included is a user equipment for mobile near-field payment.

Abstract: The application provides a user interest data analysis and collection system which comprises: a session identification module, which is used for offline extracting log data and a merchandise purchase history record corresponding to the log data from a Web server, and for processing the log data, thereby generating a page browsing sequence reference set; a recommendation service controller which is used for collecting user's browsing record in real time; a log data pre-processing module which is used for, when predetermined conditions are satisfied, receiving the user's browsing log data in this session from the recommendation service controller, and for pre-processing the log data; and a match analysis module which is used for matching the pre-processed log data with the generated page browsing sequence reference set, and determining a set of merchandise that the user is potentially interested in, according to the matching result.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for data communication by forming a hybrid that includes an electrical switching network with packet granularity of switching and store-and-forward forwarding services to network traffic and an optical switching network providing circuit granularity of switching and optical bypassing services to network traffic; applying local control of optical switching modules in the optical switching network with a network controller coupled to the electrical switching network, the optical switching network, and a loss-of-light detection module; and detecting loss-of-light in a failure point in the optical switching network and rerouting traffic to avoid the optical failure point.

Abstract: Systems and methods for packet switching in a network, including two or more hybrid packet/circuit switching network architectures configured to connect two or more core level switches in the network architectures, the network architectures being controlled and managed using a centralized software defined network (SDN) control plane. An optical ring network may be configured to interconnect the two or more hybrid network architectures, and one or more hybrid electrical/optical packet/circuit switches configured to perform switching and traffic aggregation. One or more high-speed optical interfaces and one or more low-speed electrical/optical interfaces may be configured to transmit data.

Abstract: A switching system includes one or more line card for input processing, forwarding, queuing, and scheduling data, the line card having a tunable laser to select a wavelength according to the packets' destination for a given burst of packets, so that the burst is switched to a desired destination and sent all-optically to a connected interface; an all-optical switch fabric coupled to the line card to perform wavelength switching; and a centralized arbitrator that resolves the contention from different input ports.

Abstract: Controllers in a software defined network and methods implemented such controllers include forming an auxiliary graph based on a network graph. The network graph includes aggregating and non-aggregating nodes and the auxiliary graph includes a number of non-aggregating nodes based on a number of incoming neighbors to non-aggregating nodes in the network graph. A best path from a source node to a destination node through the auxiliary graph is determined based on output links from non-aggregating nodes are occupied. The best path through the auxiliary graph is translated to a best path from the source node to the destination node through the network graph. Traffic is routed through the software-defined network based on the best path.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for data communication by forming a hybrid that includes an electrical switching network with packet granularity of switching and store-and-forward forwarding services to network traffic and an optical switching network providing circuit granularity of switching and optical bypassing services to network traffic; applying local control of optical switching modules in the optical switching network with a network controller coupled to the electrical switching network, the optical switching network, and a loss-of-light detection module; and detecting loss-of-light in a failure point in the optical switching network and rerouting traffic to avoid the optical failure point.

Abstract: A system and method for management of network traffic flow for one or more networks of interconnected computing devices, including predicting one or more types of network traffic data flows using a Machine Learning (ML) classifier, and updating the ML classifier according to identified changes in the network traffic data flows. Using software-defined-networking (SDN) tools and an updated ML classifier, training data is generated to formulate accurate new predictions of the one or more types of network traffic data flows. Network traffic flow is regulated based on the generated new predictions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for generating and verifying an electronic bill with an anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional code and systems of the same. The method of generating an electronic bill with an anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional code of the present invention comprises reading an original electronic bill picture and generating a temporary electronic bill picture with a determined region for embedding two-dimensional code; calculating digest data for the temporary electronic bill picture by using an information digest algorithm and encrypting the obtained digest data to generate an anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional code; and embedding the anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional code into said region of the original electronic bill picture to obtain an electronic bill with the anti-counterfeiting two-dimensional code.

Abstract: A hybrid electro-optical data center system includes multiple tiers. A bottom tier has one or more bottom tier instances, with each bottom tier instance including one or more racks, an electro-optical switch corresponding to each rack, and a first bottom tier optical loop providing optical connectivity between the electro-optical switches of the respective bottom tier instance. At least one server within each rack is electrically connected to the respective electro-optical switch and at least one super-server within each rack is electrically and optically connected to the respective electro-optical switch. A top tier includes electro-optical switches, each electrically connected to an electro-optical switch in a respective bottom tier instance, a first top tier optical loop providing optical connectivity between the electro-optical switches of the top tier, and one or more optical add/drop modules providing optical connectivity between the first bottom tier optical loop and the first top tier optical loop.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a hybrid optical/electrical network architecture for the direct-connect datacenters and HPC systems. It utilizes small scale optical switches in parallel with the electrical switching modules (e.g. the multi-port NIC) in the direct-connect electrical network (e.g 3D Torus) in order to provide optical bypassing capabilities. The optical network keeps the same topology as the electrical packet switching network, while the number of optical nodes can be equal or less than the electrical switching modules.

Abstract: Systems and methods for packet switching in a network, including two or more hybrid packet/circuit switching network architectures configured to connect two or more core level switches in the network architectures, the network architectures being controlled and managed using a centralized software defined network (SDN) control plane. An optical ring network may be configured to interconnect the two or more hybrid network architectures, and one or more hybrid electrical/optical packet/circuit switches configured to perform switching and traffic aggregation. One or more high-speed optical interfaces and one or more low-speed electrical/optical interfaces may be configured to transmit data.

Abstract: A hybrid electro-optical data center system includes multiple tiers. A bottom tier has one or more bottom tier instances, with each bottom tier instance including one or more racks, an electro-optical switch corresponding to each rack, and a first bottom tier optical loop providing optical connectivity between the electro-optical switches of the respective bottom tier instance. At least one server within each rack is electrically connected to the respective electro-optical switch and at least one super-server within each rack is electrically and optically connected to the respective electro-optical switch. A top tier includes electro-optical switches, each electrically connected to an electro-optical switch in a respective bottom tier instance, a first top tier optical loop providing optical connectivity between the electro-optical switches of the top tier, and one or more optical add/drop modules providing optical connectivity between the first bottom tier optical loop and the first top tier optical loop.

Abstract: A switching system includes one or more line card for input processing, forwarding, queuing, and scheduling data, the line card having a tunable laser to select a wavelength according to the packets' destination for a given burst of packets, so that the burst is switched to a desired destination and sent all-optically to a connected interface; an all-optical switch fabric coupled to the line card to perform wavelength switching; and a centralized arbitrator that resolves the contention from different input ports.