Abstract: Methods for controlled application of a composition gradient to a surface, via controlled targeting of droplets of different solutions to a surface region, are disclosed. The methods are especially useful for delivering a gradient of first and second solutions to a microchannel within a microchannel device, by targeting droplets of the different solutions to a surface region within or adjacent an opening of the microchannel.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a plurality of arrays of reagent regions is disclosed. A dispensing assembly in the apparatus has a plurality of heads which are spaced for depositing reagents at selected positions in different array areas in a substrate. As the heads in the assembly are advanced along array area, the regions in a row in that array are successively filled, allowing parallel deposition in several array areas at reagent regions which are closely spaced relative to the spacing between deposition heads in the assembly. Also disclosed is a method for producing a plurality of arrays using the apparatus.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved real-time scanning fluorescence electrophoresis apparatus for the electrophoretic analysis of fluorescently-labeled polynucleotide fragments. The apparatus is characterized by having an electrophoresis chamber containing an electrophoretic separation medium capable of accommodating multiple electrophoresis lanes arranged in a planar array, a fluorescence detector mounted on a translatable stage, a light source for exciting fluorescent molecules, and a computer for collecting data consisting of time, location, fluorescence wavelength and fluorescent intensity information. The improvements herein disclosed include, (i) using a spectral-array detector for detecting the emission light from the fluorescently-labeled polynucleotide fragments including the simultaneous detection of multiple fluorescent labels, and, (ii) a temperature control means to control the temperature of the electrophoretic separation medium during electrophoresis.

Abstract: Protein analysis apparatus has porous sample supports enclosed in holes in a sample slide. Slides are delivered to hydrolysis and derivatizer stations by a rotating turret such that moveable heads at the stations form closed reaction chambers with the slides, sealing around the holes in the slides and enclosing the sample supports. Tubings connected to the heads deliver substances for reaction, derivatization and cleaning. Protein samples applied to sample supports at one position on the turret are delivered sequentially to hydrolysis and derivatizer stations, and operations are computer controlled. Derivatives are automatically delivered for chromatographic analysis, and supports are automatically cleaned with solvents and purge gas after derivatization and before return to a sample load position. Closed reaction chambers formed by the moveable heads can be heated and pressurized as required for processing.