Abstract: A method of forming shallow trench isolation (STI) uses a flowable insulating layer. In the method, a pad oxide layer is first formed on a substrate. A stop layer is formed on the pad oxide layer. Then, a trench is formed in the stop layer, the pad oxide layer and the substrate. A liner oxide layer is formed on the inner surface of the trench. Thereafter, a flowable insulating layer, such as a doped silicon oxide layer, is formed in the trench. An insulating layer, such as a silicon oxide layer, is formed on the flowable insulating layer. Finally, the stop layer and the pad oxide layer are removed so as to completely form shallow trench isolation.

Abstract: A method for forming a shallow trench isolation structure is provided. A pad oxide and a mask layer are sequentially formed on a substrate, and then a shallow trench opening is formed. An insulation layer is formed on the substrate and filling the opening. After the insulation layer is planarized until the mask layer is exposed, a liner oxide is formed and the shallow trench isolation is densified simultaneously by thermal oxidation densification.

Abstract: A method of forming a capacitor of a mixed-mode device is described. Trenches used for forming a trench-type capacitor are simultaneously formed in a provided substrate while forming a shallow trench isolation. A conductive region used as a lower electrode is formed by ion implantation. A gate oxide layer, used for dielectric film, and a polysilicon layer, used as a gate and an upper electrode, are formed over the substrate and over the trenches. A trench-type capacitor is thus formed.

Abstract: A flash memory cell. A spacer is formed on a sidewall of a controlling gate. A self-aligned source/drain region can thus be formed by the formation of the spacer. The tunneling oxide layer is then formed on the source/drain region instead of on the controlling gate. Thus, the tunneling oxide layer is formed with a self-aligned process.

Abstract: An improved method for fabricating a flash memory on a semiconductor substrate is provided. A patterned gate oxide layer and a patterned mask layer are formed on the substrate. Hard material spacers are formed on sidewalls of the gate oxide layer and the mask layer. A shallow trench isolation is formed in the substrate using the mask layer and the hard material spacers as masks. The hard material spacers and the mask layer are removed. A tunneling oxide layer is formed on a portion of the substrate beside the gate oxide layer. A floating gate is formed over the gate oxide layer and the tunneling oxide layer. A dielectric layer is formed over the floating gate. A control gate is formed over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method for forming a stacked gate of a flash memory cell is described. A first dielectric layer, a conductive layer and a silicon nitride layer are sequentially formed over a substrate. A photoresist pattern is formed over the silicon nitride layer. The silicon nitride layer, conductive layer, first dielectric layer and substrate are etched by using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask until forming a plurality of trenches in the substrate. An insulating layer is formed over the substrate, wherein the insulating layer has a surface level between a top surface of the conductive layer and a bottom surface of the conductive layer. A conductive spacer is formed on the sidewalls of the conductive layer and silicon nitride layer, wherein the conductive spacer and conductive layer serve as a first gate conductive layer. The silicon nitride layer is removed. A second dielectric layer and a second gate conductive layer are formed over the substrate.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a flash memory is provided. The method contains sequentially forming a tunneling oxide layer, a polysilicon layer, and a silicon nitride layer on a semiconductor substrate. Patterning the silicon nitride layer, polysilicon layer, the tunneling oxide layer, and the substrate forms a trench in the substrate. A shallow trench isolation (STI) structure is formed to fill the trench up the silicon nitride layer. The silicon nitride layer is removed to expose the polysilicon layer and a portion of each sidewall of the STI structure. A polysilicon spacer is formed on each exposed sidewall of the STI structure. An upper portion of the STI structure is removed so as to expose a portion of each sidewall of the polysilicon layer. The polysilicon layer serves as a floating gate. A conformal dielectric layer and a top polysilicon layer are formed over the substrate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a dual-cylinder bottom electrode. Because the node contact hole is formed by self-aligned etching and the materials of the spacers are conductive materials, the node contact hole is smaller than the resolution of the photolithography. Hence, the size of the device can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, because of the dual-cylinder bottom electrode, the surface area of the bottom electrode is enlarged in a limited space. Therefore, the capacitance of the capacitor is increased.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a flash memory cell. A spacer is formed on a sidewall of a controlling gate. A self-aligned source/drain region can thus be formed by the formation of the spacer. The tunneling oxide layer is then formed on the source/drain region instead of on the controlling gate. Thus, the tunneling oxide layer is formed with a self-aligned process.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a flash memory. A substrate having a patterned pad oxide layer formed thereon and a patterned mask layer on the pad oxide layer is provided. A doped region is formed in the substrate exposed by the patterned mask layer and the pad oxide layer. A spacer is formed on the sidewall of the patterned mask layer and the pad oxide layer to cover a portion of the doped region. A trench is formed in the substrate exposed by the mask layer and the spacer. An insulating layer is formed to fill the trench, wherein the insulating layer leveled with a top surface of the patterned mask layer. The patterned mask layer and the spacer are removed to respectively expose the patterned oxide layer and the portion of the doped region. A self-aligned tunnel oxide layer is formed on the portion of the doped region. A patterned first conductive layer is formed over the substrate to expose portions of the patterned pad oxide layer above the substrate excluding the doped region.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a capacitor on a bit line of a DRAM. A substrate having a gate, a bit line, a source/drain region and an insulating layer covering the gate and the bit line is provided. A first conductive layer and an oxide layer are formed successively on the insulating layer. The oxide layer and the first conductive layer are defined to form a contact hole to expose the source/drain region. An insulating spacer is formed on the sidewall of the contact hole, and the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are defined so they may be used as a lower electrode. A dielectric layer is formed on the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. A third conductive layer as an upper electrode of a capacitor is formed on the dielectric layer.