Abstract: A semiconductor memory device and electronic system including the same are provided. The semiconductor memory device may include a first stacked structure including a plurality of first interlayer insulating films, a second stacked structure including a plurality of second interlayer insulating films on the first stacked structure, and a hole that extends into the first stacked structure and the second stacked structure. The plurality of second interlayer insulating films may include a plurality of first films that include first impurities, and a plurality of second films that are free of the first impurities.

Abstract: A method of inspecting a programmable logic controller (PLC) control logic using a graphic neural network (GNN) generally includes three operations: a data preprocessing operation for a GNN, an operation of predicting whether tags are connected, and an operation of verifying suitability of edge connections between tags. As a result, a graph is generated from a PLC control logic and input to a link prediction model to find an incorrect connection in the PLC control logic. Subsequently, a result graph output through the link prediction is input to a trained model to verify edge connection suitability between tags. Then, it may be finally verified whether tags are connected in the PLC control logic.

Abstract: Provided is an active layer composition of a reduction electrode for brine electrolysis containing a metal precursor mixture containing a ruthenium precursor, a platinum precursor, and a lanthanide metal precursor, and an organic solvent containing an alcohol-based compound and an amine-based compound. Also provided is a reduction electrode containing a metal substrate and an active layer that is a dried and heat treated active layer composition positioned on the metal substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a control unit that predicts the life of an inkjet head unit and maximizes its life to be used, and a substrate treating apparatus including the same. The control unit performs maintenance of an inkjet head unit for discharging a substrate treatment liquid onto a substrate and comprises a count module for counting the number of discharges for each nozzle of the inkjet head unit, a comparison module for comparing the number of discharges with a reference value to determine whether the number of discharges is equal to or greater than the reference value, and an evaluation module for evaluating whether a life of the inkjet head unit has reached a usable life based on whether the number of discharges of each nozzle is equal to or greater than the reference value.

Abstract: A static electricity visualization apparatus capable of visually identifying a measured level of static electricity is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas venting device, a battery module and a battery pack including the same. A cross-sectional area of a flow path according to a gas discharge direction of the gas venting device is increased or decreased to allow a larger flow amount of gas to be discharged using a venting disk of the same area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas venting device, and a battery module and a battery pack including the same. A cross-sectional area of a flow path according to the gas discharge direction of the gas venting device can be increased or decreased to allow a larger flow rate of gas to be discharged with a venting disk of the same area. The venting disk can be installed on an outlet side of the gas discharge flow path to protect internal components, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is gas venting device, and a battery module and a battery pack including the same. A cross-sectional area of a flow path according to the gas discharge direction of the gas venting device is increased or reduced to allow; a larger flow rate of gas to be discharged even when using a venting disk of the same area. A venting disk can be installed on the inlet side of the gas discharge flow path to protect internal components, and the like.

Abstract: A display device may include a first gate electrode on a substrate, a buffer layer on the first gate electrode, a first active pattern on the buffer layer, overlapping the first gate electrode, and including an oxide semiconductor, a source pattern and a drain pattern respectively on ends of the first active pattern, an insulation layer overlapping the source pattern and the drain pattern on the buffer layer, an oxygen supply pattern on the insulation layer, overlapping the first active pattern, and supplying oxygen to the first active pattern, a second active pattern on the insulation layer and spaced apart from the oxygen supply pattern, the second active pattern including a channel region, and a source region and a drain region, an insulation pattern on the channel region of the second active pattern, and a second gate electrode on the insulation pattern.

Abstract: A display device comprises a first voltage line disposed in a first metal layer on a substrate providing a high-level voltage, a vertical voltage line disposed on a side of the first voltage line providing a low-level voltage, a first transistor disposed in an active layer on the first metal layer and including a drain electrode, an active region, a source electrode, and a gate electrode, a first anode connection electrode disposed in a third metal layer on the second metal layer and electrically connected to the source electrode of the first transistor, a first electrode and a second electrode that are disposed in a fourth metal layer on the third metal layer, and a plurality of light-emitting element areas including a plurality of light-emitting elements aligned between the first and second electrodes and spaced apart from the first voltage line and the vertical voltage line in a plan view.

Abstract: The present invention provides: novel compounds capable of producing monomethyl fumarate after the compounds are administered; pharmaceutical compositions comprising same as active ingredients; and pharmaceutical uses thereof for treating or alleviating various diseases including immune system abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and/or inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel protein secretion factor, a vector including a nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein secretion factor, and a transformed cell into which the vector is introduced. The invention also relates to a method of producing a target protein using the transformed cell including the vector.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for preparing a target recombinant protein with modulated galactosylation or a method for modulating the galactosylation of a target recombinant protein, including increasing the osmolality of a culture solution of animal cells which express a target recombinant protein during the animal cell culture; a method for preparing a target recombinant protein with modulated galactosylation or a method for modulating the galactosylation of a target recombinant protein, including supplementing asparagine to a culture solution of animal cells which express a target recombinant protein during the animal cell culture; a method for preparing target recombinant protein with modulated galactosylation or a method for modulating the galactosylation of a target recombinant protein, including increasing the osmolality of an animal cell culture which expresses a target recombinant protein and supplementing asparagine thereto during the animal cell culture; and a target recombinant protein with modulated ga

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel protein secretion factor, a vector including a nucleic acid sequence encoding the protein secretion factor, and a transformed cell into which the vector is introduced. The invention also relates to a method of producing a target protein using the transformed cell including the vector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hybrid promoter, in which a whole or a part of a CMV enhancer, a whole or a part of a ?-actin promoter, a whole or a part of a CMV promoter, and a whole or a part of a ?-actin intron are operably linked to each other, a recombinant vector comprising the same, a transformant transformed with the recombinant vector, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant vector or the transformant, and a method for preparing a target protein using the recombinant vector or the transformant. The hybrid promoter of the present invention is able to induce high expression of a target protein in a eukaryotic cell. Therefore, the hybrid promoter of the present invention can be effectively used for the development of an antibody or the production of a DNA vaccine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hybrid promoter, in which a whole or a part of a CMV enhancer, a whole or a part of a ?-actin promoter, a whole or a part of a CMV promoter, and a whole or a part of a ?-actin intron are operably linked to each other, a recombinant vector comprising the same, a transformant transformed with the recombinant vector, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant vector or the transformant, and a method for preparing a target protein using the recombinant vector or the transformant. The hybrid promoter of the present invention is able to induce high expression of a target protein in a eukaryotic cell. Therefore, the hybrid promoter of the present invention can be effectively used for the development of an antibody or the production of a DNA vaccine.

Abstract: Disclosed are an immunoassay of Plasmodium falciparum for determining the presence/absence of a specific and/or antibody thereof via label in conjugates bound to the specific antigen and/or antibody present in a sample, comprising immobilizing the specific antigen and antibody of Plasmodium falciparum on a solid phase, adding a sample obtained from a subject of interest to the solid phase so as to induce specific antibody-antigen reaction, adding a conjugate of the antigen and a label and a conjugate of the antibody and a label, separately prepared, so as to induce binding of at least one of the conjugates; and an assay device comprising the above-mentioned solid phase and conjugates. The present invention can effect specific detection of antigens and/or antibodies in patients with manifested malaria-symptoms as well as malaria carriers and can also be efficiently employed in samples at the early stage of malaria infection that is difficult to detect via conventional arts.