Abstract: In the present specification, provided are an apparatus and a method for obtaining gradient information, performed by a terminal, in a wireless communication system, wherein the terminal transmits a random access (RA) preamble to a base station, receives a random access response (RAR) from the base station in response to the RA preamble, performs a radio resource control (RRC) connection procedure with the base station, establishes a digital transmission link on the basis of the RRC connection procedure with the base station, and establishes an airComp link that is a link for federated learning with the base station, wherein the terminal acquires the gradient information corresponding to data, and the terminal obtains first information and second information from the gradient information on the basis of data splitting modulation, wherein the first information is information having a lower priority among the information obtained on the basis of the gradient information, the second information is information ha

Abstract: The present specification provides a method fir transmitting learning class information, the method being performed by a terminal in a wireless communication system and comprising the steps of transmitting a random access (RA) preamble to a base station; receiving a random access response (RAR) from the base station in response to the RA preamble; performing a radio resource control (RRC) connection procedure with the base station; determining the learning class information, wherein the learning class information is information about the degree of performance improvement in online learning, and the online learning is artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm-based learning following the activation of the wireless communication system; transmitting the learning class information to the base station; and performing channel state information (CSI) feedback according to the learning class information.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes: an outer case forming an exterior of the refrigerator; an inner case provided in the outer case and including a first inner wall and a second inner wall opposite to the first inner wall; and an ice maker mounted on the inner case and configured to produce ice, the ice maker including an ice making case and an ice making cover covering an upper side of the ice making case, wherein the ice making case is supported by the first inner wall and the second inner wall, and the ice making cover is detachably coupled to the ice making case and configured to support an item on an upper side of the ice making cover.

Abstract: A stretchable strain sensor includes a light-emitting element, an optical structure, and a photo-detective element. The stretchable strain sensor is located in a path of light emitted from the light-emitting element. The optical structure is configured to have optical properties that change in response to stretching of at least a portion of the stretchable strain sensor. The photo-detective element is configured to detect light transmitted through the optical structure or reflected through the optical structure.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a storage compartment; a shelf provided in the storage compartment; a shelf frame provided at a lower side of the shelf and configured to support the shelf; a drawer configured to be withdrawn at a lower side of the shelf frame; a drawer cover coupled to the shelf frame between the shelf frame and the drawer, the drawer cover including a cold air blocking portion extending toward a front of the storage compartment; and a support member contacting a portion of a bottom surface of the shelf frame and configured to support a load of the shelf

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator that includes a storage compartment, a shelf disposed inside the storage compartment, an angle provided to fix a position of the shelf, and a duct mounted on one surface of the storage compartment and to which the angle is coupled. The angle includes a bent part formed to be bent inward from one end of the angle, and the duct includes a fixing protrusion disposed to protrude from the duct toward the storage compartment so as to fix the angle by pressing an inner surface of the bent part.

Abstract: Provided are a polymer semiconductor including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, a stretchable polymer thin film including the same, and an electronic device. Definitions of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 are as described in the detailed description.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator having a supporting frame whose installation structure is enhanced. The refrigerator includes an inner case defining a storeroom and having a projection formed to protrude to the inside of the storeroom, a drawer arranged to be inserted or pulled out from the storeroom, and a supporting frame arranged in the storeroom to guide movements of the drawer, and installed at the projection, wherein the supporting frame includes a fixer arranged on a side of the supporting frame to prevent the supporting frame from deviating from the projection, the fixer being deformed when pressurized by the projection and restored to an original state when the pressure from the projection is released.

Abstract: Provided are a polymer semiconductor including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, a stretchable polymer thin film including the same, and an electronic device. Definitions of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 are as described in the detailed description.

Abstract: A stretchable device includes a stretchable substrate, and a plurality of optoelectronic diodes on the stretchable substrate. At least one optoelectronic diode includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and an active layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The active layer includes a first semiconductor, a second semiconductor having different electrical characteristics from the first semiconductor, and an insulating elastomer.

Abstract: A stretchable device includes a stretchable substrate having a plurality of incision lines that are configured to be deformable by an external force applied to the stretchable substrate, a plurality of active elements on the stretchable substrate, and a connection wire configured to electrically connect adjacent active elements of the plurality of active elements, wherein the connection wire includes a metal wire and a conductive elastic structure electrically connected to the metal wire and locally disposed in the connection wire.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer including a first structural unit including a first electron accepting moiety and a first electron donating moiety, a second structural unit including a second electron accepting moiety and a second electron donating moiety. The second electron accepting moiety is different from the first electron accepting moiety. The second electron donating moiety is the same as or different from the first electron donating moiety. The first structural unit is represented by Chemical Formula 1. Chemical Formula 1 is described in the detailed description.

Abstract: A biosignal sensor includes a light-emitting element, a photo-detective element configured to detect a biosignal from light reflected from an in-vivo target, a first polarizer configured to selectively transmit light in a first polarization direction, and a second polarizer configured to selectively transmit light in a second polarization direction. The light-emitting element includes a first light-emitting element overlapped with the first polarizer in a vertical direction, the photo-detective element includes a first photo-detective element overlapped with the second polarizer in the vertical direction, the first light-emitting element and the first photo-detective element are parallel to each other along a first direction that is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: A stacked structure for a stretchable device includes a stretchable layer including an elastic polymer, and a conductive layer on the stretchable layer and including a metal, wherein the stretchable layer includes a first depth region and a second depth region sequentially disposed in a depth direction from a surface of the stretchable layer that is in contact with the conductive layer and the first depth region includes the metal.

Abstract: A stretchable strain sensor includes a light-emitting element, an optical structure, and a photo-detective element. The stretchable strain sensor is located in a path of light emitted from the light-emitting element. The optical structure is configured to have optical properties that change in response to stretching of at least a portion of the stretchable strain sensor. The photo-detective element is configured to detect light transmitted through the optical structure or reflected through the optical structure.

Abstract: A stretchable substrate includes a first elastomer, a plurality of unit devices on the stretchable substrate, a connecting wire configured to electrically connect adjacent unit devices, and a plurality of auxiliary structures each including a second elastomer and each at least partially overlapping with at least one unit device or the connecting wire, wherein the first elastomer and the second elastomer are separate, respective polymers that commonly include at least one structural unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biosensor including a light-emitting element, a photo-detective element, a light transmitting layer under the light-emitting element and the photo-detective element, and an optical structure inside the light transmitting layer and configured to control a propagation direction of light, a biosensor array and a device.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator having a supporting frame whose installation structure is enhanced. The refrigerator includes an inner case defining a storeroom and having a projection formed to protrude to the inside of the storeroom, a drawer arranged to be inserted or pulled out from the storeroom, and a supporting frame arranged in the storeroom to guide movements of the drawer, and installed at the projection, wherein the supporting frame includes a fixer arranged on a side of the supporting frame to prevent the supporting frame from deviating from the projection, the fixer being deformed when pressurized by the projection and restored to an original state when the pressure from the projection is released.

Abstract: Disclosed is a largescale nanofiber electrode array using aligned metal nanofiber, which includes preparing a metal precursor/organic polymer complex solution, forming an aligned metal/polymer complex nanofiber pattern with a continuously connected shape on a substrate to by injecting the solution with an electric field aided robotic nozzle printer and moving the substrate, and performing thermal treatment on the complex nanofiber pattern to form an aligned nanofiber metal pattern. Accordingly, the position and direction of the metal nanofiber pattern can be accurately controlled, and the metal nanofiber pattern can be aligned in a desired direction.