Abstract: An LCD according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a second electrode disposed on the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first alignment film attached on the first electrode and having a position-dependent thickness that achieves variations of the dielectric constant of from 1 to about 50.

Abstract: A flexible display device may include a first panel including a multifunction film, a second panel arranged facing the first panel with a gap therebetween, the second panel including a substrate and electrodes formed on the substrate, and an electro-optical active layer disposed in the gap between the first panel and the second panel. The multifunction film may perform at least two of the following functions: aligning molecules in the electro-optical active layer, protecting the electro-optical active layer, keeping the thickness of the electro-optical active layer uniform, and serving as a flexible substrate.

Abstract: An LCD according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a second electrode disposed on the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first alignment film attached on the first electrode and having a position-dependent thickness that achieves variations of the dielectric constant of from 1 to about 50.