Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to electroluminescent devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes, and displays including electroluminescent devices. In an embodiment is provided an electroluminescent device that includes a pixel defining layer, an organic emitting unit disposed over at least a portion of the pixel defining layer, and a filler layer disposed over at least a portion of the organic emitting unit, wherein a refractive index of the pixel defining layer is lower than a refractive index of the filler layer, and wherein the refractive index of the pixel defining layer is lower than a refractive index of one or more layers of the organic emitting unit. In another embodiment is provided a display device that includes a substrate, a thin film transistor formed on the substrate, an interconnection electrically coupled to the thin film transistor, and an electroluminescent device electrically coupled to the interconnection.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to graded slope bottom reflective electrode layer structures for top-emitting organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display pixels. An EL device includes a pixel definition layer having a top surface, a bottom surface, and graded sidewalls interconnecting the top and bottom surfaces and a bottom reflective electrode layer disposed over the pixel definition layer. The bottom reflective electrode layer includes a planar electrode portion disposed over the bottom surface and a graded reflective portion disposed over the graded sidewalls, where the graded reflective portion has a concave profile. The EL device includes an organic layer disposed over the bottom reflective electrode layer and a top electrode disposed over the organic layer. Also described herein are methods for fabricating the EL device.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a general, highly effective and scalable extraction-enhancing OLED display pixel structure based on embedding the OLED inside a three-dimensional reflective concave structure selectively filled with a high-index filler material. Such a structure is able to couple as much as possible internally generated photons into the filler region and then redirect otherwise confined light for out-coupling via the reflective concave structure. Ultimately high light extraction efficiency approaching ˜80% and excellent viewing characteristics are simultaneously achievable with optimized structures using highly transparent top electrodes. This scheme is scalable and wavelength insensitive, and thus can be generally applied to all red, green, and blue pixel OLEDs in high-resolution full-color displays.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a general, highly effective and scalable extraction-enhancing OLED display pixel structure based on embedding the OLED inside a three-dimensional reflective concave structure selectively filled with a high-index filler material. Such a structure is able to couple as much as possible internally generated photons into the filler region and then redirect otherwise confined light for out-coupling via the reflective concave structure. Ultimately high light extraction efficiency approaching ˜80% and excellent viewing characteristics are simultaneously achievable with optimized structures using highly transparent top electrodes. This scheme is scalable and wavelength insensitive, and thus can be generally applied to all red, green, and blue pixel OLEDs in high-resolution full-color displays.

Abstract: An electroluminescent (EL) device is disclosed, comprising a nanostructured composite electrode, one or more functional layers and an top electrode. The nanostructured composite electrode is consisting essentially of a first layer having a nanostructure and a second layer disposed on the nanostructure. The first and second layers are transparent and conducting, and one of the refractive-indexes of the first and second layers is lower than or equal to 1.65, and the other of the refractive-indexes of the first and second layers is higher than or equal to 1.75. One or more functional layers including a light emitting layer is disposed on the second layer. The top electrode is disposed on the functional layers. Especially, each of feature pits and each of intervals between the feature pits of the nanostructure of the first layer is smaller than or equal to a major wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting layer.

Abstract: An electroluminescent (EL) device is disclosed, comprising a nanostructured composite electrode, one or more functional layers and an top electrode. The nanostructured composite electrode is consisting essentially of a first layer having a nanostructure and a second layer disposed on the nanostructure. The first and second layers are transparent and conducting, and one of the refractive-indexes of the first and second layers is lower than or equal to 1.65, and the other of the refractive-indexes of the first and second layers is higher than or equal to 1.75. One or more functional layers including a light emitting layer is disposed on the second layer. The top electrode is disposed on the functional layers. Especially, each of feature pits and each of intervals between the feature pits of the nanostructure of the first layer is smaller than or equal to a major wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting layer.

Abstract: A vector for expression of hEGF that is made by constructing a gene sequence of SEQ NO: 1 on an expression vector for the transformation of E. coli with said gene sequence to produce hEGF. Through said vector, high purity hEGF can be produced in E. coli and directly excreted from the cell, which means hEGF can be isolated and purified from E. coli culture. In other words, said vector for expression of hEGF can effectively simplify the production and purification procedures of hEGF and enhance its production.