Abstract: Interconnect structures for front-to-front stacked chips/dies and methods of fabrication thereof are disclosed herein. An exemplary system on integrated circuit (SoIC) includes a first die that is front-to-front bonded with a second die, for example, by bonding a first topmost metallization layer of a first frontside multilayer interconnect of the first die to a second topmost metallization layer of a second frontside multilayer interconnect of the second die. A through via extends partially through the first frontside multilayer interconnect of the first die, through a device layer of the first die, through a backside power rail of the first die, and through a carrier substrate. The backside power rail is between the carrier substrate and the device layer, and the backside power rail may be a portion of a backside multilayer interconnect of the first die. The through via may be connected to a redistribution layer (RDL) structure.

Abstract: A method includes forming a first multilayer interconnect structure over a first side of a device layer, forming a first portion of a second multilayer interconnect structure under a second side of the device layer, forming a trench that extends through the second dielectric layer, the device layer, and the first dielectric layer, forming a conductive structure in the trench, and forming a second portion of the second multilayer interconnect structure under the first portion of the second multilayer interconnect structure. The second portion of the second multilayer interconnect structure includes patterned metal layers disposed in a third dielectric layer, and wherein one or more of the patterned metal layers are in electrical connection with the conductive structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pneumatic hand tool with adjustable operating angle, comprising a grip body and a tool head body interconnected with each other. The grip body has a grip flow channel, and said tool head body has a tool head flow channel. The grip body and said tool head body are interconnected through two rotary joint faces to form a joint portion capable of adjustment of the operating angle. The two rotary joint faces respectively have connecting areas for uniform circumferential motion and high pressure air ports configured along the rotation center. And the two rotary joint faces are inclined to facilitate adjustment of the operating angle of said tool head, and to ensure good air tightness of the high pressure air ports inside the joint portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pneumatic hand tool with adjustable operating angle, comprising a grip body and a tool head body interconnected with each other. The grip body has a grip flow channel, and said tool head body has a tool head flow channel. The grip body and said tool head body are interconnected through two rotary joint faces to form a joint portion capable of adjustment of the operating angle. The two rotary joint faces respectively have connecting areas for uniform circumferential motion and high pressure air ports configured along the rotation center. And the two rotary joint faces are inclined to facilitate adjustment of the operating angle of said tool head, and to ensure good air tightness of the high pressure air ports inside the joint portion.

Abstract: A gas passage switching structure for a pneumatic rotary hand tool includes a pneumatic motor and a revolving valve disposed in a device case. The pneumatic motor has an input ending surface. A forward gas inlet and a reverse gas inlet are formed and spaced apart on the input ending surface. The revolving valve has a gas supply surface. A gas supply port and a discharge port are formed and spaced apart on the gas supply surface. The gas supply surface and the input ending surface are arranged along an axis line in the device case adjacent or in contact with the arrangement so that it allows the pneumatic motor to drive the forward and reverse rotation by the high pressure air flow along the fluid passage in the axis line direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic rotary tool includes a housing, a directional changeover mechanism, and a speed regulating mechanism. The housing includes a top body and a handle. The top body is fitted with a pneumatic motor. The handle defines a forward air channel, a reverse air channel, and an air supply passage. The air supply passage is controlled by a valve being operated by a trigger so that the air supply passage communicates with the forward and reverse air channels. The direction changeover mechanism is mounted in the top body along a transverse line and passes through the forward and reverse air channels for changing the rotational direction of the pneumatic motor. The speed regulating mechanism is mounted in the handle for adjusting the flow of compressed air entering the forward air channel. The tool can be operated conveniently to change the rotational direction and the output torque of the pneumatic motor.

Abstract: A pneumatic rotary tool generally includes a housing, an air motor, a rotatable valve, and a dial ring. The housing defines therein an air chamber for receiving compressed air and is furnished with a drive lug at one end and an air inlet at an opposite end, wherein the air inlet communicates with the air chamber. The air motor is disposed in the housing between the drive lug and the air chamber and has an output shaft connected to the drive lug. The rotatable valve is rotatably disposed in the housing between the air motor and the air chamber. The dial ring is rotatably mounted around the housing, close to the air inlet, and coupled to the rotatable valve by a tube therebetween to enable the air motor to be switched between a forward rotation mode and a reverse rotation mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas passage switching structure for a pneumatic rotary hand tool comprising a pneumatic motor and a revolving valve disposed in a device case. The pneumatic motor has an input ending surface. A forward gas inlet and a reverse gas inlet are formed and spaced apart on the input ending surface. The revolving valve has a gas supply surface. A gas supply port and a discharge port are formed and spaced apart on the gas supply surface. The gas supply surface and the input ending surface are arranged along an axis line in the device case adjacent or in contact with the arrangement so that it allows the pneumatic motor to drive the forward and reverse rotation by the high pressure air flow along the fluid passage in the axis line direction, thereby solving the problem saying the internal gas structure of the traditional pneumatic rotary hand tool is too complex.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pneumatic hand tool with rotating impact kinetic energy comprising a pneumatic motor arranged inside a device case. The pneumatic motor is pivotally connected with a first axial bevel gear. An ending portion of the device case is pivotally connected with an impact power set. The impact power set is integrally formed to form a second axial bevel gear, and the second axial bevel gear and the first axial bevel gear are in mesh. The problem of abrasion of the conventional percussion power group improved during in the process of transmitting rotation force together with striking force is easily solved.

Abstract: A pneumatic rotary tool includes a housing, a directional changeover mechanism, and a speed regulating mechanism. The housing includes a top body and a handle. The top body is fitted with a pneumatic motor. The handle defines a forward air channel, a reverse air channel, and an air supply passage. The air supply passage is controlled by a valve being operated by a trigger so that the air supply passage communicates with the forward and reverse air channels. The direction changeover mechanism is mounted in the top body along a transverse line and passes through the forward and reverse air channels for changing the rotational direction of the pneumatic motor. The speed regulating mechanism is mounted in the handle for adjusting the flow of compressed air entering the forward air channel. The tool can be operated conveniently to change the rotational direction and the output torque of the pneumatic motor.