Abstract: Methods, devices, and storage mediums are provided for encoding video signals. An encoder determines at least one versatile video coding (VVC) syntax flag. The encoder determines, in response to a syntax element indicating that inter prediction is allowed, inter related syntax elements. The encoder obtains a first reference picture I(0) and a second reference picture I(1) associated with a video block. The encoder obtains first prediction samples I(0)(i,j) of the video block from a reference block in the first reference picture I(0). The encoder obtains second prediction samples I(1)(i,j) of the video block from a reference block in the second reference picture I(1). The encoder obtains bi-prediction samples based on the at least one VVC syntax flag, the inter related syntax elements, the first prediction samples I(0)(i,j), and the second prediction samples I(1)(i,j).

Abstract: A cell repair-promoting extracellular vesicle, formed by silicate-induced stem cell secretion, helps express anti-inflammatory, tissue regeneration, and cell repair indicator factors, accelerating cell growth in wound tissue and the wound repair process.

Abstract: A method for physically unclonable function through gate height tuning is provided in the present invention, including steps of forming a high-k dielectric layer and a dummy silicon layer on a semiconductor substrate, removing the dummy silicon layer, forming a work function layer and a metal filling layer on the high-k dielectric layer, and performing a CMP process to remove the metal filling layer, so as to form metal gates with heights lower than a critical gate height, and using the metal gates to manufacture PIO pairs in an internal bias generator. Since the height of metal gates is lower than the critical gate height, a local threshold voltage mismatching of the programmed I/O (PIO) pairs becomes larger, so as to achieve random code generation in physically unclonable function (PUF).

Abstract: Methods for video decoding and encoding, apparatuses and non-transitory storage media are provided. In one decoding method, the decoder obtains a plurality of sub-blocks by dividing an affine-coded block. Moreover, the decoder obtains, based on a plurality of control point motion vectors (CPMVs) of the affine-coded block, a plurality of sub-CPMVs of one sub-block from the plurality of sub-blocks, where the one sub-block has a size of a minimum affine block. Furthermore, the decoder stores the plurality of sub-CPMVs of the one sub-block as motion information of the one sub-block.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable storage media are provided for video coding. In one method, a decoder derives a first and a second reference pictures for a current coding block; the decoder derives a first and a second predictor samples based on a motion vector associated with the first reference picture using a motion compensation process from the first reference picture; the decoder determines whether the first and the second predictor samples are out-of-boundary (OOB), and in response to determining the first or the second predictor sample is OOB, the decoder replaces the first or the second predictor sample that is OOB with a first or a second alternative predictor sample; and the decoder generates the final prediction sample by averaging sample values of the first predictor sample and the second predictor sample.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and non-transitory storage media are provided for video coding. In a method for intra prediction in video decoding, a decoder derives a first subset of predictors of a current video block by a first prediction process, and the decoder obtains a second subset of predictors by a second prediction process using neighboring reconstructed samples and the first subset of predictors.

Abstract: Methods for video coding and compression, apparatuses and non-transitory storage media are provided. In one method of video decoding, a decoder may obtain a syntax element that indicates a predefined geometric operation and an encoded video bitstream. Additionally, the decoder may reconstruct a modified picture based on the encoded video bitstream. Furthermore, the decoder may obtain an original picture by performing an inverse geometry operation based on the syntax element. Further, the decoder may obtain luma samples and chroma samples of the original picture.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for video coding are provided. The method includes that a decoder determines whether one or more reference picture lists are signaled in a picture header (PH) associated with a picture and whether the one or more reference picture lists indicate that one or more slices associated with the picture are bi-predictive. The method further includes that the decoder adds one or more constraints to one or more syntax elements in the PH in response to determining that the one or more reference picture lists are signaled in the PH and the one or more reference picture lists indicate that the one or more slices are not bi-predictive.

Abstract: Methods for video decoding and encoding, apparatuses and non-transitory storage media are provided. In one decoding method, the decoder determines that an advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP)-Merge (AM) mode is enabled for a current picture or a slice of the current picture. Furthermore, the decoder obtains an AMVP motion vector (MV) of a current block in the current picture, for a first list of reference pictures LX where X is 0 or 1, as an LX MV. Moreover, the decoder obtains a list of valid merge MV candidates for a second list of reference pictures L(1?X), where the list of valid merge MV candidates comprises merge candidates that have L(1?X) MV. Further, the decoder selects an L(1?X) MV of the AM mode among the list of valid merge MV candidates.

Abstract: Methods for video decoding and encoding, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable storage media thereof are provided. In one method for video decoding, a binary arithmetic decoder may obtain a first probability for a binary symbol according to a first adaptation parameter, where the binary symbol is related to one given context model for the binary arithmetic decoder and the binary symbol is from a plurality of binary symbols associated with the context model. Furthermore, the decoder may obtain a second probability for the binary symbol according to a second adaptation parameter, and then obtain a multi-hypothesis probability according to the first probability, a first adaptive weight, the second probability, and a second adaptive weight, where the multi-hypothesis probability determines a probability of the binary symbol equaling to a binary value. Moreover, the decoder may decode the binary symbol according to the multi-hypothesis probability.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus performs a method of decoding video data. The method comprises: receiving, from bitstream, a first syntax element associated with a first set of palette mode coding units at a first coding level; in accordance with a determination that the first syntax element has a first predefined value: choosing a first binarization process for the first set of palette mode coding units; decoding, from the bitstream, escape samples in the first set of palette mode coding units using the first binarization process; in accordance with a determination that the first syntax element does not have the first predefined value: choosing a second binarization process for the first set of palette mode coding units, the second binarization process being different from the first binarization process; and decoding, from the bitstream, the escape samples in the first set of palette mode coding units using the second binarization process.

Abstract: A method of decoding video data is performed by an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus receives, from a video bitstream, one or more syntax elements indicating that a coding block is coded under a palette mode. The electronic apparatus divides the coding block into multiple segments, each of the multiple segments having a set of index values that is independent from another one of the multiple segments. The electronic apparatus receives, from the video bitstream, index values associated with each of the multiple segments and a palette table associated with the coding block and decodes the multiple segments in parallel according to the index values and the palette table associated with the coding block.

Abstract: A computing device performs a method of decoding video data by determining a co-located picture of the current coding unit; locating a spatial neighbor block of the current coding unit that corresponds to the co-located picture; determining a motion shift vector for the current coding unit from one or more motion vectors associated with the spatial neighbor block according to a predefined fixed order; and reconstructing a sub-block-based temporal motion vector for a respective sub-block of a plurality of sub-blocks in the current coding unit from a corresponding sub-block in the collocated picture based on the motion shift vector.

Abstract: A computing device performs a method of decoding video data by determining a co-located picture of the current coding unit; locating a spatial neighbor block of the current coding unit that corresponds to the co-located picture; determining a motion shift vector for the current coding unit from one or more motion vectors associated with the spatial neighbor block according to a predefined fixed order; and reconstructing a sub-block-based temporal motion vector for a respective sub-block of a plurality of sub-blocks in the current coding unit from a corresponding sub-block in the collocated picture based on the motion shift vector.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus performs a method of decoding video data. The method includes: receiving, from the bitstream, a plurality of syntax elements associated with a coding unit, the plurality of syntax elements indicating the coding tree type of the coding unit, and whether the local dual tree mode is enabled for the coding unit; and in accordance with the determination that the coding tree type of the coding unit is a single tree, and the local dual tree mode is enabled for the coding unit: disabling the palette mode for the coding unit when the coding unit has the size equal to or less than a predefined threshold. The disabling palette mode for the coding unit may include: disabling the palette mode for both the luma component and chroma component of the coding unit, or disabling the palette mode for only the chroma component of the coding unit.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable storage mediums are provided for video encoding. The method includes dividing a video block to multiple non-overlapped video subblocks, dividing a video block to multiple non-overlapped video subblocks, determining a first reference picture I(0) and a second reference picture I(1), determining first prediction samples I(0)(i, j)'s, determining second prediction samples I(1)(i, j)'s, determining horizontal and vertical gradient values of the first prediction samples I(0)(i, j)'s and second prediction samples I(1)(i, j)'s, determining motion refinements for samples in video subblock based on the BDOF when the video block is not coded in affine mode, determining motion refinements for samples in the video subblock based on the PROF when the video block is coded in affine mode, and determining prediction samples of the video block based on the motion refinements.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus performs a method of decoding video data. The method includes: receiving, from the bitstream, a plurality of syntax elements associated with a coding unit, the plurality of syntax elements indicating the coding tree type of the coding unit, and whether the local dual tree mode is enabled for the coding unit; and in accordance with the determination that the coding tree type of the coding unit is a single tree, and the local dual tree mode is enabled for the coding unit: disabling the palette mode for the coding unit when the coding unit has the size equal to or less than a predefined threshold. The disabling palette mode for the coding unit may include: disabling the palette mode for both the luma component and chroma component of the coding unit, or disabling the palette mode for only the chroma component of the coding unit.

Abstract: A computing device performs a method of decoding video data by determining a co-located picture of the current coding unit; locating a spatial neighbor block of the current coding unit that corresponds to the co-located picture; determining a motion shift vector for the current coding unit from one or more motion vectors associated with the spatial neighbor block according to a predefined fixed order; and reconstructing a sub-block-based temporal motion vector for a respective sub-block of a plurality of sub-blocks in the current coding unit from a corresponding sub-block in the collocated picture based on the motion shift vector.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus performs a method of decoding video data. The method includes: receiving the video signal that includes a first component and a second component; receiving a plurality of offsets associated with the second component; utilizing a characteristic measurement of the first component to obtain a classification category associated with the second component; selecting an offset from the plurality of offsets for the second component according to the classification category; and modifying the second component based on the selected offset. The first component can be a luma video component and the second component can be a chroma video component.

Abstract: Packaged devices and methods of manufacturing the devices are described herein. The packaged devices may be fabricated using heterogeneous devices and asymmetric dual-side molding on a multi-layered redistribution layer (RDL) structure. The packaged devices may be formed with a heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) Fan-Out System-in-Package (SiP) structure having small profiles and can be formed using a single carrier substrate.