Abstract: A battery, a battery module, a battery pack and an electric device are provided. In some embodiments, the battery includes: a positive electrode, a separator and a negative electrode, wherein the separator includes a base film, a first coating provided on a first surface of the base film, and a second coating provided on a second surface of the base film, the first coating includes a first polar substance, and hydrogen bonds are formed between the first polar substance and a positive binder; hydrogen bonds are formed between the second polar substance and a negative binder and/or a negative active component. In the present disclosure, binding forces between the separator and the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be increased by the hydrogen bonds, thus reducing a cycle expansion rate of a bare cell and improving a high-rate discharge performance and a cycle performance of the battery.

Abstract: A terahertz radiator is based on coherent Smith-Purcell radiation amplified by stimulation. The terahertz radiator includes an electron emission source configured to emit electron beams and a pumping source configured to emit pumping signals. The pumping signal interacts with a primary grating structure to obtain preliminarily bunched electrons. The preliminarily bunched electrons interact with the primary grating structure to generate coherent Smith-Purcell radiation. The coherent Smith-Purcell radiation and the pumping signals vertically resonate in a primary resonant cavity structure, so that the electron bunching density is increased, and in turn, the coherent Smith-Purcell radiation is enhanced. A positive feedback process is formed by free electrons and the coherent Smith-Purcell radiation, and the coherent Smith-Purcell radiation amplified by stimulation and periodic bunched electron bunches are obtained.

Abstract: A battery includes a plurality of arranged battery cells; and a pressure regulating apparatus, including a body portion and a regulating valve, where the body portion is arranged between adjacent battery cells, a gas pipeline being formed in the body portion, and the regulating valve is arranged in the gas pipeline and configured to regulate pressure in the gas pipeline so as to adjust a gap between adjacent battery cells.

Abstract: A micro spectrum chip based on units of random shapes, including. The micro spectrum chip include a CIS wafer and an optical modulation layer. The optical modulation layer includes several micro-nano structure units arranged on the surface of a photosensitive area of the CIS wafer. Each micro-nano structure unit includes a plurality of micro-nano structure arrays, and in each micro-nano structure unit, different micro-nano structure arrays are two-dimensional gratings composed of internal units of random shapes. In each micro-nano structure unit in this scheme, different micro-nano structure arrays have different shapes of internal units, and each group of micro-nano structure arrays have different modulation effects on lights with different wavelengths. The degree of freedom of “shape” is fully utilized to obtain a rich modulation effect on the incident light. A two-dimensional grating structure based on internal units of random shapes is utilized.

Abstract: A reconstruction method for spectral image includes: obtaining a measurement image of an imaging object, and reconstructing and obtaining a spectral image of the imaging object according to the measurement image and a pre-calibrated sensing matrix. The spectral image includes spectral information at different position points of the imaging object. Through the method, defects of the time-consuming spectral image reconstruction method and the low resolution of the obtained spectral image in the related art can be overcame and the spectral image of the target imaging object can be obtained by reconstructing quickly and the obtained spectral image has high spatial resolution and no mosaic.

Abstract: An image collection chip, an object imaging recognition device and an object imaging recognition method are provided. The image collection chip comprises an optical modulation layer and an image sensing layer. The optical modulation layer is located on the image sensing layer. The optical modulation layer is provided with at least two modulation units and the image sensing layer is provided with sensing units corresponding to the at least two modulation units in a form of up and down. Each of the at least two modulation units is provided with at least one modulation subunit. Two or more modulation units among the at least two modulation units have different graphic structures, and the two or more modulation units having different graphic structures have different modulation roles on spectrum.

Abstract: A spectral chip structure design method includes: obtaining an application-specific spectral library, and determining a spectral principal component based on the application-specific spectral library; performing non-negative processing on the spectral principal component to obtain a non-negative spectral principal component; and determining transmission spectra of the spectral chip structure based on the non-negative spectral principal component.

Abstract: A miniature spectrum chip includes a CIS wafer and a light modulation layer. The light modulation layer includes a plurality of micro-nano structure units arranged on the surface of a photosensitive area of the CIS wafer. Each micro-nano structure unit include a plurality of micro-nano structure arrays. In each micro-nano structure unit, different micro-nano structure arrays are two-dimensional gratings formed of internal units of different shapes. In each micro-nano structure unit, internal units provided in different micro-nano structure arrays have different shapes, and each group of micro-nano structure arrays has different modulation effects on light of different wavelengths, such that the degree of freedom of “shape” is fully utilized to obtain rich modulation effects on incident light. The precision of spectral restoration is improved.

Abstract: A noninvasive glucometer and a blood glucose detection method are provided. The noninvasive glucometer includes a light source, a spectrometer and detecting space into which an object to be detected intervenes; the detecting space is connected with the light source and the spectrometer respectively, so that a spectrum emitted by the light source can generate incident light entering the spectrometer after passing through the object to be detected. The spectrometer includes: an optical modulation layer configured to perform light modulation on the incident light to obtain a modulated spectrum; a photoelectric detection layer located below the optical modulation layer, and configured to receive the modulated spectrum and provide differential responses with respect to the modulated spectrum; and a signal processing circuit layer located below the photoelectric detection layer and configured to reconstruct the differential responses to obtain an original spectrum.

Abstract: A class of erbium-doped silicate crystals have a general chemical formula of (ErxYbyCezA(1-x-y-z))3RM3Si2O14, in which the range of x is 0.002 to 0.02, y is 0.005 to 0.1, and z is 0 to 0.15; A is one, two or three elements selected from Ca, Sr, or Ba; R is one or two elements selected from Nb or Ta; M is one or two elements selected from Al or Ga. Using one of such crystals as a gain medium and a diode laser at 940 nm or 980 nm as a pumping source, a 1.5 ?m continuous-wave solid-state laser with high output power and high efficiency, as well as a pulse solid-state laser with high energy and narrow width can be obtained.

Abstract: An image collection chip, an object imaging recognition device and an object imaging recognition method are provided. The image collection chip comprises an optical modulation layer and an image sensing layer. The optical modulation layer is located on the image sensing layer. The optical modulation layer is provided with at least two modulation units and the image sensing layer is provided with sensing units corresponding to the at least two modulation units in a form of up and down. Each of the at least two modulation units is provided with at least one modulation subunit. Two or more modulation units among the at least two modulation units have different graphic structures, and the two or more modulation units having different graphic structures have different modulation roles on spectrum.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reverse design of micro-nano structure based on a deep neural network. The method includes step 101 of acquiring initial data of a micro-nano structure according to the micro-nano structure to be reversely designed. The method also includes step 102 of inputting the initial data of the micro-nano structure into a trained optical parameter prediction model to obtain optical prediction parameters. The method further includes step 103 of evaluating the optical prediction parameters. The method also includes optimizing the initial data of the micro-nano structure, inputting the optimized data of the micro-nano structure into the trained optical parameter prediction model, and performing steps 102 and 103 again until the evaluation result of the optical prediction parameters obtained in a current iteration satisfies the preset condition. Through the method of the present application, the electromagnetic response calculation time of the reverse design is greatly shortened.

Abstract: An image collection chip, an object imaging recognition device and an object imaging recognition method are provided. In each set of the pixel confirmation modules of the chip, each modulation unit and each sensing unit are correspondingly provided up and down on the optical modulation layer and the image sensing layer respectively; each modulation unit is provided with at least one modulation subunit, and each of the modulation subunits is provided with several modulation holes penetrating into the optical modulation layer; and the respective modulation holes in a same modulation subunit are arranged into a two-dimensional graphic structure having a specific pattern.

Abstract: A micro spectrum chip based on units of different shapes. The micro spectrum chip includes a CIS wafer and an optical modulation layer. The optical modulation layer includes several micro-nano structure units arranged on the surface of a photosensitive area of the CIS wafer. Each micro-nano structure unit includes a plurality of micro-nano structure arrays, and in each micro-nano structure unit, different micro-nano structure arrays are two-dimensional gratings composed of internal units of different shapes. In each micro-nano structure unit in this scheme, different micro-nano structure arrays have different shapes of internal units, and each group of micro-nano structure arrays have different modulation effects on lights with different wavelengths. The degree of freedom of “shape” is fully utilized to obtain a rich modulation effect on the incident light. A two-dimensional grating structure based on internal units of different shapes is utilized.

Abstract: An optical artificial neural network intelligent chip, a preparation method thereof and an intelligent processing apparatus. The optical filter layer serves as the input layer of the artificial neural network. The image sensor serves as the linear layer of the artificial neural network. The filtering effect of the optical filter layer on the incident light entering the optical filter layer serves as the connection weight from the input layer to the linear layer, such that the related functions of the input layer and the linear layer in the artificial neural network are achieved by the optical filter layer and the image sensor in the intelligent chip in a hardware manner, and no complicated signal processing and algorithm processing corresponding to the input layer and the linear layer need to be performed in the subsequent artificial neural network intelligent processing using the intelligent chip.

Abstract: An optical modulation micro-nano structure, a micro-integrated spectrometer and a spectrum modulation method are provided. The optical modulation micro-nano structure includes an optical modulation layer located on a photoelectric detection layer that can modulate incident light to form differential responses on the photoelectric detection layer, so as to obtain an original spectrum by reconstruction, thereby overcoming the defects that the existing spectrometers rely too much on precise optical components, which makes spectrometers bulky, heavy and expensive. The optical modulation layer includes a base plate and at least one modulation unit; the base plate is provided on the photoelectric detection layer, and each of the modulation units is located on the base plate; each modulation unit is provided with several modulation holes penetrating into the base plate, and respective modulation holes inside a same modulation unit are arranged into a two-dimensional graphic structure with a specific pattern.

Abstract: An image collection chip, an object imaging recognition device and an object imaging recognition method are provided. In each set of the pixel confirmation modules of the chip, each modulation unit and each sensing unit are correspondingly provided up and down on the optical modulation layer and the image sensing layer respectively; each modulation unit is provided with at least one modulation subunit, and each of the modulation subunits is provided with several modulation holes penetrating into the optical modulation layer; and the respective modulation holes in a same modulation subunit are arranged into a two-dimensional graphic structure having a specific pattern.

Abstract: A noninvasive glucometer and a blood glucose detection method are provided. The noninvasive glucometer includes a light source, a spectrometer and detecting space into which an object to be detected intervenes; the detecting space is connected with the light source and the spectrometer respectively, so that a spectrum emitted by the light source can generate incident light entering the spectrometer after passing through the object to be detected. The spectrometer includes: an optical modulation layer configured to perform light modulation on the incident light to obtain a modulated spectrum; a photoelectric detection layer located below the optical modulation layer, and configured to receive the modulated spectrum and provide differential responses with respect to the modulated spectrum; and a signal processing circuit layer located below the photoelectric detection layer and configured to reconstruct the differential responses to obtain an original spectrum.

Abstract: A terahertz radiator is based on coherent Smith-Purcell radiation amplified by stimulation. The terahertz radiator includes an electron emission source configured to emit electron beams and a pumping source configured to emit pumping signals. The pumping signal interacts with a primary grating structure to obtain preliminarily bunched electrons. The preliminarily bunched electrons interact with the primary grating structure to generate coherent Smith-Purcell radiation. The coherent Smith-Purcell radiation and the pumping signals vertically resonate in a primary resonant cavity structure, so that the electron bunching density is increased, and in turn, the coherent Smith-Purcell radiation is enhanced. A positive feedback process is formed by free electrons and the coherent Smith-Purcell radiation, and the coherent Smith-Purcell radiation amplified by stimulation and periodic bunched electron bunches are obtained.

Abstract: A class of erbium-doped silicate crystals have a general chemical formula of (ErxYbyCezA(1-x-y-z))3RM3Si2O14, in which the range of x is 0.002 to 0.02, y is 0.005 to 0.1, and z is 0 to 0.15; A is one, two or three elements selected from Ca, Sr, or Ba; R is one or two elements selected from Nb or Ta; M is one or two elements selected from Al or Ga. Using one of such crystals as a gain medium and a diode laser at 940 nm or 980 nm as a pumping source, a 1.5 ?m continuous-wave solid-state laser with high output power and high efficiency, as well as a pulse solid-state laser with high energy and narrow width can be obtained.