Abstract: Data features are accessed from a plurality of sources. The data features pertain to a plurality of users. The data features are inputted into a predictive model. An output is generated via the predictive model. The output of the predictive model is inputted into a plurality of adversarial models. The adversarial models include different types of protected attributes. At least some of the protected attributes are non-binary. Noise is introduced to the predictive model via each of the adversarial models of the plurality of adversarial models. The output of the predictive model is updated after the noise has been introduced to the predictive model. One or more decisions involving the plurality of users are generated at least in part via the updated output of the predictive model.

Abstract: This disclosure discloses a multi-link communication method and a related apparatus. In a scenario in which simultaneous transmission and reception over a plurality of links is not supported, a multi-link device first sends a first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) over a first link, and then sends a second PPDU over a second link through channel contention, where an end time of the second PPDU is not later than an end time of the first PPDU. The method not only ensures fairness of multi-link access, but also can reduce an idle rate of the plurality of links.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and an apparatus, and relates to the field of communications technologies, to reduce a phenomenon that an acknowledge rule is violated in some scenarios. The method includes: After a receive device receives a first data unit from a transmit device through a first link, the receive device sends receiving status information of the first data unit to the transmit device through the first link, unless the first data unit meets any one of a first preset condition. The first preset condition includes: Correctly received information of the first data unit is fed back through another link, or an acknowledge policy corresponding to the first data unit is no acknowledge. The communication method in embodiments of this application is applied to a multi-link data transmission process.

Abstract: A link identifier indication method includes: A multi-link device working on a plurality of links sends a radio frame, where the radio frame includes link information of at least one link in the plurality of links, and link information of one link is used to indicate the link and corresponds to a link identifier of the link; a receiving device that receives the radio frame may determine the link identifier of the link corresponding to the link information, so that in communication of the multi-link device, a link can be identified by using the link identifier.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a method for determining a data buffer status, and an apparatus. The method includes: A first MLD receives first indication information from a second MLD, and determines, based on the first indication information and a correspondence between an association identifier of the first MLD and a data type supported by the first MLD, a buffer status of bufferable data that corresponds to the at least one data type and that is in the second MLD, where the first indication information is used to indicate the buffer status of the bufferable data. According to the embodiments of this application, a data buffer status in a data type dimension can be determined. The embodiments of this application may be applied to a wireless local area network system that supports a next-generation Wi-Fi EHT protocol of the IEEE 802.11, that is, the 802.11 protocol such as 802.11be.

Abstract: A STA in a STA MLD sends an information frame on a link corresponding to the station, and the information frame is used to indicate a STA in an awake state in the STA MLD. An AP MLD receives the information frame, and sends a downlink message frame on a one or more links corresponding to a part of or all of STAs in the awake state in the STA MLD.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure disclose a multi-link communication method and a related apparatus. In a scenario in which simultaneous transmission and reception over a plurality of links is not supported, a multi-link device first sends a first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) over a first link, and then sends a second PPDU over a second link through channel contention, where an end time of the second PPDU is not later than an end time of the first PPDU. The method not only ensures fairness of multi-link access, but also can reduce an idle rate of the plurality of links.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a multi-link communication method and a related apparatus. A first station generates a radio frame, where the first station is one of a plurality of stations included in a first multi-link device. The first multi-link device includes a first station operating on a first link and a second station operating on a second link. The first station transmits the radio frame on the first link, where the radio frame includes capability indication information, and the capability indication information indicates whether the first station and the second station support simultaneous transmitting/receiving operations. According to the embodiments of this application, communication quality can be ensured.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure disclose a multi-link communication method and a related apparatus. In a scenario in which simultaneous transmission and reception over a plurality of links is not supported, a multi-link device first sends a first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) over a first link, and then sends a second PPDU over a second link through channel contention, where an end time of the second PPDU is not later than an end time of the first PPDU. The method not only ensures fairness of multi-link access, but also can reduce an idle rate of the plurality of links.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a multi-link communication method, an apparatus, and a system that relate to the field of communication technologies, to resolve a technical problem in conventional multi-link communication that an amount of information sent by a multi-link device to a peer multi-link device is large, a process in which the peer multi-link device determines, based on the information, a link that can support simultaneous data sending and receiving as a link that is receiving data is cumbersome, and processing load of the peer multi-link device is heavy. The method includes: generating link grouping information, where the link grouping meets a following characteristic: links belonging to different link groups support simultaneous data sending and receiving; and sending the link grouping information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a method for determining a data buffer status, and an apparatus. The method includes: A first MLD receives first indication information from a second MLD, and determines, based on the first indication information and a correspondence between an association identifier of the first MLD and a data type supported by the first MLD, a buffer status of bufferable data that corresponds to the at least one data type and that is in the second MLD, where the first indication information is used to indicate the buffer status of the bufferable data. According to the embodiments of this application, a data buffer status in a data type dimension can be determined. The embodiments of this application may be applied to a wireless local area network system that supports a next-generation Wi-Fi EHT protocol of the IEEE 802.11, that is, the 802.11 protocol such as 802.11be.

Abstract: A link identifier indication method includes: A multi-link device working on a plurality of links sends a radio frame, where the radio frame includes link information of at least one link in the plurality of links, and link information of one link is used to indicate the link and corresponds to a link identifier of the link; a receiving device that receives the radio frame may determine the link identifier of the link corresponding to the link information, so that in communication of the multi-link device, a link can be identified by using the link identifier.

Abstract: A STA in a STA MLD sends an information frame on a link corresponding to the station, and the information frame is used to indicate a STA in an awake state in the STA MLD. An AP MLD receives the information frame, and sends a downlink message frame on a one or more links corresponding to a part of or all of STAs in the awake state in the STA MLD.

Abstract: An electronic consignment note management system for marine plastic debris based on blockchain technology, which belongs to the field of marine plastic debris management, and comprises a cloud management platform deployed at the central node of the blockchain and service sites deployed at other nodes, wherein the cloud management platform is used for supervising the handover process of marine debris among service sites, and verifying the electronic identity of a service site that issued an marine debris transshipment order request by a blacklist and whitelist mechanism, wherein for an electronic identity beyond the validity period, a credit evaluation model is used to update the status and validity period of the electronic identity, and the marine debris transshipment order request issued by the service site in a blacklist is rejected.

Abstract: A method of performing state estimation for a microgrid system includes: obtaining a general quantum state estimation model for swing-bus-contained microgrid systems; establishing a state estimation formulation through quantum language; assigning quantum registers used during a quantum state estimation iteration; generating a quantum-circuit-based state estimation solver for performing quantum phase estimation, controlled rotation, and inverse quantum phase estimation; generating a preconditioned quantum linear solver for an ill-conditioned state estimation iteration; iteratively optimizing voltage and residual vectors while iteratively updating preconditioned errors by the state estimation solver, the optimizing and updating iterations continuing until the linear solver reaches convergence; obtaining a quantum state estimation model for hierarchical-based microgrid systems including droop and/or secondary control modes; establishing an enhanced quantum state estimation framework including the state estimatio

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a method for determining a data buffer status, and an apparatus. The method includes: A first MLD receives first indication information from a second MLD, and determines, based on the first indication information and a correspondence between an association identifier of the first MLD and a data type supported by the first MLD, a buffer status of bufferable data that corresponds to the at least one data type and that is in the second MLD, where the first indication information is used to indicate the buffer status of the bufferable data. According to the embodiments of this application, a data buffer status in a data type dimension can be determined. The embodiments of this application may be applied to a wireless local area network system that supports a next-generation Wi-Fi EHT protocol of the IEEE 802.11, that is, the 802.11 protocol such as 802.11be.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods, systems, and computer-readable media for coupling two or more simulators to simulate a coupled multi-physics model of a subsurface formation are provided. A coupling framework loads one or more simulators as shared libraries into a common process and a common memory space with a first simulator to create the coupled multi-physics model of the subsurface formation. During simulation, the coupling framework controls data exchange between the first simulator and the other simulator(s) through the common memory space and controls execution of the first simulator and the other simulator(s) responsive to the common process. In the event of two-way coupling, the coupling framework can receive feedback from the other simulator(s) and alter execution of the first simulator. In the event of grid misalignment, the coupling framework can map data between the first simulator and the other simulator(s) such as in a globally conservative (e.g., mass, energy, etc.) manner.

Abstract: A method includes: when data of a first service needs to be sent to a receive end, sending m indication frames to the receive end if a type of the first service is a target service type; receiving n trigger frames sent by the receive end based on the m indication frames; and each time one trigger frame is received, sending the data of the first service to the receive end by using a transmission resource indicated by the trigger frame.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method applied to a multi-link device in a wireless local area network (WLAN) and a related apparatus. For example, the communication method is applied to a WLAN supporting 802.11be. The method includes: receiving a probe request frame, where the probe request frame is included in a multi-link device (MLD); determining, according to a preset condition, whether to respond to the probe request frame, where the preset condition includes at least the following: a reference identifier in the probe request frame does not match a reference identifier of each station in the MLD; and if the preset condition is satisfied, skipping sending a probe response frame in response to the probe request frame.

Abstract: An electronic consignment note management system for marine plastic debris based on blockchain technology, which belongs to the field of marine plastic debris management, and comprises a cloud management platform deployed at the central node of the blockchain and service sites deployed at other nodes, wherein the cloud management platform is used for supervising the handover process of marine debris among service sites, and verifying the electronic identity of a service site that issued an marine debris transshipment order request by a blacklist and whitelist mechanism, wherein for an electronic identity beyond the validity period, a credit evaluation model is used to update the status and validity period of the electronic identity, and the marine debris transshipment order request issued by the service site in a blacklist is rejected.