Abstract: An energy storage apparatus and an energy storage system. The energy storage apparatus includes a cell and a heating circuit. The heating circuit includes a heating resistor and a switch. The heating resistor and the switch are configured to be connected in series to a power supply loop. The switch in the heating circuit is controlled to be on and off, so that the heating resistor is intermittently connected to and disconnected from the power supply loop. The switch may control, based on a power supply voltage provided by the power supply loop, turn-on time and turn-off time of a line between the power supply loop and the heating resistor in each switching cycle, to dynamically adjust an average heating power of the heating circuit.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a generic design for the next generation of integrated backbone networks that process traffic from various services such as ATM, IP, FR, MPLS. The network devices possess high capacity (fully redundant) at least 80 Gbps, which focus on high-speed forwarding with protocol agnostic. The present invention includes switching architecture design, enhancement of combined input-output queuing mechanisms, and soft- and hard-scheduling algorithms. By emphasizing the overall systemic optimization and practical implementation, the present invention provides the designated switching system maximum throughput, minimum delay, and QoS guarantees.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a multi-ply unfilled microporous sheet product composed of at least one first ply and at least one second ply which are, respectively, formed from polymeric compositions having different rheological properties and to a method of forming said sheet product.

Abstract: A process of having a microporous multiply sheet product which is capable of becoming non-porous at a predetermined elevated transformation temperature is formed by first forming a non-porous, multiply initial sheet product having at least one first ply and at least one second ply, each with its own viscosity profile. The initial sheet product is then stretched and annealed to impart porosity to the sheet product.