Abstract: The present application discloses a method for transferring a plurality of micro light emitting diodes (micro LEDs) to a target substrate. The method includes providing a first substrate having an array of the plurality of micro LEDs; providing a target substrate having a bonding layer having a plurality of bonding contacts; applying the plurality of bonding contacts with an electrical potential; aligning the plurality of micro LEDs with the plurality of bonding contacts having the electrical potential; and transferring the plurality of micro LEDs in the first substrate onto the target substrate.

Abstract: A pixel structure for a vertical cavity surface emitting laser has an emission window. The pixel structure includes a plurality of sub-pixels in the emission window. Bright-area sub-pixels emit light and dark-area sub-pixels having no light emission. The bright-area sub-pixels and the dark-area sub-pixels are arranged in a pattern in the emission window. Various patterns are possible. Different structures for implementing the sub-pixels are described.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method for transferring a plurality of micro light emitting diodes (micro LEDs) to a target substrate. The method includes providing a first substrate having an array of the plurality of micro LEDs; providing a target substrate having a bonding layer having a plurality of bonding contacts; applying the plurality of bonding contacts with an electrical potential; aligning the plurality of micro LEDs with the plurality of bonding contacts having the electrical potential; and transferring the plurality of micro LEDs in the first substrate onto the target substrate.

Abstract: A display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and an image capturing assembly including a plurality of photoelectric converters and an image integrator electrically coupled to each photoelectric converter. At least one sub-pixel contains one photoelectric converter. Each photoelectric converter can convert an optical signal from an outside light reaching thereonto into an electrical signal. The image integrator can receive the electrical signal from each photoelectric converter to thereby build an image based thereupon. The display panel further includes a substrate, and a color filter layer disposed over the substrate and including a plurality of color blocks, each of a primary color and corresponding to one sub-pixel. The photoelectric converters are each disposed between the substrate and the color filter layer. Each photoelectric converter can convert an optical signal from an outside light entering through one of the plurality of color blocks into an electrical signal.

Abstract: A pixel structure for a vertical cavity surface emitting laser has an emission window. The pixel structure includes a plurality of sub-pixels in the emission window. Bright-area sub-pixels emit light and dark-area sub-pixels having no light emission. The bright-area sub-pixels and the dark-area sub-pixels are arranged in a pattern in the emission window. Various patterns are possible. Different structures for implementing the sub-pixels are described.

Abstract: A pixel structure for a vertical cavity surface emitting laser has an emission window. The pixel structure includes a plurality of sub-pixels in the emission window. Bright-area sub-pixels emit light and dark-area sub-pixels having no light emission. The bright-area sub-pixels and the dark-area sub-pixels are arranged in a pattern in the emission window. Various patterns are possible. Different structures for implementing the sub-pixels are described.

Abstract: A solar cell has a nanostructured window layer with planar p-n junction geometry. Preferably, metal grid mesas are used to provide lateral conductance and good electrical contacts. In addition to carrier confinement and lateral conductance, this window layer can also provides a broadband angle-independent antireflection function. This structure enhances both the optical and electrical properties in a solar cell, leading to higher Jsc, Voc, FF (fill factor) and efficiency. The absorption in the window layer is partially converted to photocurrent, which to some extent compensates for the self-absorption loss due to its greater thickness. This design can eliminate the need for a separate anti-reflection coating.

Abstract: Improved solar cells are provided by nano-structuring the solar cell active region to provide high optical absorption in a thin structure, thereby simultaneously providing high optical absorption and high carrier collection efficiency. Double-sided nano-structuring is considered, where both surfaces of the active region are nano-structured. In cases where the active region is disposed on a substrate, nano-voids are present between the substrate and the active region, as opposed to the active region being conformally disposed on the substrate. The presence of such nano-voids advantageously increases both optical and electrical confinement in the active region.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices conformally deposited on a nano-structured substrate having hills and valleys have corresponding hills and valleys in the device layers. We have found that disposing an insulator in the valleys of the device layers such that the top electrode of the device is insulated from the device layer valleys provides beneficial results. In particular, this insulator prevents electrical shorts that otherwise tend to occur in such devices.

Abstract: Improved solar cells are provided by nano-structuring the solar cell active region to provide high optical absorption in a thin structure, thereby simultaneously providing high optical absorption and high carrier collection efficiency. Double-sided nano-structuring is considered, where both surfaces of the active region are nano-structured. In cases where the active region is disposed on a substrate, nano-voids are present between the substrate and the active region, as opposed to the active region being conformally disposed on the substrate. The presence of such nano-voids advantageously increases both optical and electrical confinement in the active region.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices conformally deposited on a nano-structured substrate having hills and valleys have corresponding hills and valleys in the device layers. We have found that disposing an insulator in the valleys of the device layers such that the top electrode of the device is insulated from the device layer valleys provides beneficial results. In particular, this insulator prevents electrical shorts that otherwise tend to occur in such devices.

Abstract: Solar cells or photodetectors having one or more single-crystal shell layers conformally deposited on Ge nano-wires are provided. This approach can provide higher efficiency and/or reduced material cost compared to conventional planar approaches for multi-junction solar cells having the same thickness of active solar absorption materials. Shell layers deposited on the Ge nano-wires and including pn junctions can be grown such that they end up with single-crystal faceted tips, which can significantly improve optical collection efficiency and can improve the electron collection efficiency because of the high crystal quality.