Abstract: Methods to perform through tubing cement evaluation using converted multipole resonance modes. A first acoustic transmission is emitted outward toward the cement such that a portion of the first acoustic transmission penetrates the cement. The receiver array detects the first acoustic response derived from the first acoustic transmission. The system then determines the multimode wellbore resonance based on the first acoustic response. In response to the first acoustic transmission penetrating the cement, a first mode of the multimode wellbore resonance is converted into a second mode different from the first mode. The receiver array detects a second acoustic response derived from the converted mode of the multimode wellbore resonance. The system determines the converted mode using the second acoustic response. A property of the cement is evaluated based on the multimode wellbore resonance and the converted mode.

Abstract: The disclosure presents processes to determine the direction and magnitude of tubing eccentricity along the length of a tube inserted within a borehole. The tubing can be a wireline, a drill string, a drill pipe, or tubing capable of allowing fluid or other material to flow through it. As borehole operations proceed, the tubing can move toward the side of the borehole. This eccentricity can cause excess wear and tear on the tubing, on the casing of the borehole, or on the inner surface of the subterranean formation. The eccentricity can be measured using acoustic signals that are collected downhole covering the azimuthal angles 0° to 360° at a location in the borehole. The collected signals can be filtered, transformed, and analyzed to estimate the tubing eccentricity. Other processes and systems can use the results to obtain cement bond evaluations through tubing and to determine preventative or restorative actions.

Abstract: A method comprising: conveying a downhole tool in a tubing that is positioned in a casing that is positioned to form an annulus between the casing and a wall of a wellbore formed in a subsurface formation, wherein a cement with unknown bonding condition exists in the annulus, wherein the downhole tool includes at least one transmitter and a receiver array physically positioned in different azimuthal directions; emitting, from the at least one transmitter, a first and second acoustic transmissions in a first and second azimuthal directions; detecting, by the receiver array, a first acoustic response and a second acoustic response that is derived from the first and second acoustic transmissions, wherein the second azimuthal direction is orthogonal to the first azimuthal direction; determining a dipole wellbore resonance based on the first and acoustic responses; and evaluating a property of the cement based on the dipole wellbore resonance.

Abstract: Systems and techniques of the present disclosure may correct sensed data to account for an offset position of an imaging tool that is deployed in a wellbore. When an imaging tool is deployed at a location that does not coincide with a center point of the wellbore, images generated from acquired data may be distorted as some of image data will be collected at locations closer to a wellbore wall than other image data. Since the resolution of a sensing device varies with distance, the resolution of data collected by a sensing device will vary with distance that separates the sensing device from the wellbore wall. Furthermore, judgments of distance to features of the wellbore wall may also be distorted because of this offset. As such, systems and techniques of the present disclosure are directed to adjust collected image data to correct for both distance and resolution related effects.

Abstract: A method comprises conveying a downhole tool in a production tubing within a casing that is around a wall of a wellbore formed in a subsurface formation, wherein cement is placed in an annulus defined between the casing and the wall of the wellbore. The downhole tool includes at least one unipole receiver and at least one of a unipole and a monopole transmitter. The transmitter and receiver are mounted on a rotatable portion of the downhole tool. The method includes performing the following operations at at least two azimuthal positions, emitting an acoustic transmission outward toward the cement and detecting an acoustic response that is in response to the acoustic transmission propagating through the production tubing and the casing and into the cement. The acoustic response includes casing extensional waves, casing non-extensional waves, and tubing waves. The method includes evaluating the cement based on the casing extensional waves.

Abstract: A method of through tubing cement evaluation includes obtaining acoustic cement bond evaluation data relating to a property of a cement bond of a cased-borehole for each of a plurality of acoustic methods, wherein the acoustic cement bond evaluation data comprises a quality control (QC) value indicative of a confidence level of cement bonding condition, determining an eccentricity value of a tubing relative to a casing in the borehole, determining an output of each acoustic method by combining the eccentricity value and the acoustic cement evaluation data associated with each acoustic method, combining the output of each acoustic method to generate an optimized cement bonding index log of the cement bond, and employing the optimized cement bonding index log to provide an interpretation of an overall cement bonding condition.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and techniques for predicting sample characteristics in a wellbore. An example method can include determining a set of values of estimated characteristics of a sample in a wellbore; determining, via a proxy model, a predicted ultrasonic wave response corresponding to the set of values of the estimated characteristics of the sample; based on a comparison of the predicted ultrasonic wave response with a measured ultrasonic wave response associated with the sample, determining an error associated with the predicted ultrasonic wave response; determining whether the error associated with the predicted ultrasonic wave response is below a threshold; and determining whether to update the set of values of the estimated characteristics of the sample based on determining whether the error is below the threshold.

Abstract: A data communication method includes: processing to-be-transmitted target secret information by using a preset secret sharing algorithm to obtain a plurality of secret fragments; and distributing the plurality of secret fragments to each relay node in a first relay node layer among preset M relay node layers to transmit the plurality of secret fragments to a receiving device by means of each relay node in the M relay node layers, so that the receiving device can obtain the target secret information based on each received secret fragment under the condition that the number of the received secret fragments is greater than or equal to a preset security threshold. By applying the data communication method, in the case that the number of breached relay nodes does not exceed the preset security threshold, an attacker cannot obtain a sufficient number of secret fragments to crack the target secret information.

Abstract: The disclosure presents processes to determine the direction and magnitude of tubing eccentricity along the length of a tube inserted within a borehole. The tubing can be a wireline, a drill string, a drill pipe, or tubing capable of allowing fluid or other material to flow through it. As borehole operations proceed, the tubing can move toward the side of the borehole. This eccentricity can cause excess wear and tear on the tubing, on the casing of the borehole, or on the inner surface of the subterranean formation. The eccentricity can be measured using acoustic signals that are collected downhole covering the azimuthal angles 0° to 360° at a location in the borehole. The collected signals can be filtered, transformed, and analyzed to estimate the tubing eccentricity. Other processes and systems can use the results to obtain cement bond evaluations through tubing and to determine preventative or restorative actions.

Abstract: A coherent Ising machine based on on-chip whispering gallery mode optical microcavity mainly adopts an optical microcavity integrated with a second laser processing apparatus (a nonlinear crystal), so as to archive an on-chip structure, which, compared with the fiber loop structure in the prior art, has the integration level optimized significantly.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method includes conveying a downhole tool in a tubing, positioned in a casing which forms an annulus between the casing and a wellbore formed in a subsurface formation, the downhole tool having a rotatable transmitter and a receiver array. The method includes performing the following until an acoustic transmission has been emitted for each of a number of defined azimuthal positions: rotating the rotatable transmitter to one of the number of defined azimuthal positions, emitting the acoustic transmission, and detecting, by the receiver array and without rotation of the downhole tool beyond a rotation threshold, an acoustic response of a number of acoustic responses that is derived from the acoustic transmission. The method further includes computationally rotating, by a processor and after detecting, data of each of the number of acoustic responses in a pre-determined direction to generate a computationally rotated multipole response.

Abstract: A coherent Ising machine based on on-chip whispering gallery mode optical microcavity mainly adopts an optical microcavity integrated with a second laser processing apparatus (a nonlinear crystal), so as to archive an on-chip structure, which, compared with the fiber loop structure in the prior art, has the integration level optimized significantly.

Abstract: A data communication method includes: processing to-be-transmitted target secret information by using a preset secret sharing algorithm to obtain a plurality of secret fragments; and distributing the plurality of secret fragments to each relay node in a first relay node layer among preset M relay node layers to transmit the plurality of secret fragments to a receiving device by means of each relay node in the M relay node layers, so that the receiving device can obtain the target secret information based on each received secret fragment under the condition that the number of the received secret fragments is greater than or equal to a preset security threshold. By applying the data communication method, in the case that the number of breached relay nodes does not exceed the preset security threshold, an attacker cannot obtain a sufficient number of secret fragments to crack the target secret information.

Abstract: A system can receive downhole acquisition data relating to a wellbore. The system can pre-process the downhole acquisition data. The system can generate an incomplete borehole image using the downhole acquisition data. The system can determine a sparse representation based on the incomplete borehole image by performing an optimization with respect to the incomplete borehole image. The system can generate a complete borehole image based on an inverse of the sparse representation.

Abstract: A method and system for identifying bonding between a material and tubing. The method may include disposing an acoustic logging tool in a wellbore, wherein the acoustic logging tool comprises a transmitter, a receiver, or a transceiver, broadcasting a shaped signal with the transmitter such that the shaped signal interacts with a boundary of a casing and a material and recording a result signal from the boundary with the receiver. The method may further comprise identifying a cut-off time to be applied to the result signal, transforming the result signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, selecting one or more modes sensitive to a bonding at the boundary between the casing and the material, computing a decay rate of the one or more modes that were selected based at least one or more decay curves, and converting the decay rate to a bonding log.

Abstract: Methods to perform through tubing cement evaluation using converted multipole resonance modes. A first acoustic transmission is emitted outward toward the cement such that a portion of the first acoustic transmission penetrates the cement. The receiver array detects the first acoustic response derived from the first acoustic transmission. The system then determines the multimode wellbore resonance based on the first acoustic response. In response to the first acoustic transmission penetrating the cement, a first mode of the multimode wellbore resonance is converted into a second mode different from the first mode. The receiver array detects a second acoustic response derived from the converted mode of the multimode wellbore resonance. The system determines the converted mode using the second acoustic response. A property of the cement is evaluated based on the multimode wellbore resonance and the converted mode.

Abstract: A method and system for removing intrinsic transducer noises. The method may comprise disposing a measurement assembly into a wellbore, performing a measurement operation at a depth in the wellbore with the measurement assembly to record two or more raw reflected waveforms, identifying one or more intrinsic transducer noises in the two or more raw reflected waveforms, dividing the two or more raw reflected waveforms into one or more subsections, and identifying one or more incoherent measurements in the one or more subsections. The method may further comprise deriving a noise model for each of the one or more incoherent measurements, performing an inversion for each noise model, and applying an adaptive subtraction to remove the one or more intrinsic transducer noises from the two or more raw reflected waveforms.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method includes conveying a downhole tool in a tubing, positioned in a casing which forms an annulus between the casing and a wellbore formed in a subsurface formation, the downhole tool having a rotatable transmitter and a receiver array. The method includes performing the following until an acoustic transmission has been emitted for each of a number of defined azimuthal positions: rotating the rotatable transmitter to one of the number of defined azimuthal positions, emitting the acoustic transmission, and detecting, by the receiver array and without rotation of the downhole tool beyond a rotation threshold, an acoustic response of a number of acoustic responses that is derived from the acoustic transmission. The method further includes computationally rotating, by a processor and after detecting, data of each of the number of acoustic responses in a pre-determined direction to generate a computationally rotated multipole response.

Abstract: A system can apply an unsupervised machine-learning model to ultrasonic waveform data received about a wellbore for identifying channels in the wellbore. A system can receive ultrasonic waveform data about a wellbore using an arrangement of transducers positionable in the wellbore. The ultrasonic waveform data can include a set of ultrasonic waveforms. The system can generate a set of attributes for each ultrasonic waveform of the set of ultrasonic waveforms. The system can apply an unsupervised machine-learning model to the set of ultrasonic waveforms for clustering the set of attributes of ultrasonic waveform into a set of clusters. The system can output the set of clusters for categorizing the ultrasonic waveform data.

Abstract: A method comprises conveying a downhole tool in a production tubing within a casing that is around a wall of a wellbore formed in a subsurface formation, wherein cement is placed in an annulus defined between the casing and the wall of the wellbore. The downhole tool includes at least one unipole receiver and a transmitter that comprises at least one of a unipole transmitter and a monopole transmitter. The transmitter and receiver are mounted on a rotatable portion of the downhole tool. The method includes performing the following operations at at least two azimuthal positions, emitting an acoustic transmission outward toward the cement and detecting an acoustic response that is in response to the acoustic transmission propagating through the production tubing and the casing and into the cement. The acoustic response includes casing extensional waves, casing non-extensional waves, and tubing waves. The method includes evaluating the cement based on the casing extensional waves.