Abstract: A database-aided circuit design system and method therefor is provided, which can be utilized to detect problems of the product in an early design stage through the early design stage error-detection function, by making use of an artificial intelligence simulation database, storing the determination criterions for the optimized circuits, searching for failure generating factors and correcting the errors relative to the problems generated, based on the post production stage error-diagnosis function, in cooperation with the records stored in the artificial intelligence simulation database after the product has been actually produced, thus achieving the reduction of the product design and development costs, shortening the product market delivery time, and raising the competitiveness of the product.

Abstract: The invention provides N,N?-disubstituted monothiourea or bis-thiourea-Pd(0) complexes that are useful as catalysts for palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction of aryl iodides and bromides with olefins, and as catalysts for palladium catalyzed Suzuki reactions of organoboric compounds and aryl halides.

Abstract: An electronic ticket management system mainly includes a vendor module, a ticket process module, a Web module, a ticket order module, a delivery module and a ticket verification module. After a consumer has purchased a ticket through a communication network, a service center transmits the information of the electronic ticket to a designated mobile communication device equipped with graphic display capability. When in use the consumer displays bar code graphics of the electronic ticket. Through a scanner at a ticket verification end the graphics of the electronic ticket on the mobile communication device can be captured, and identification result is verified online. Thus the total process does not have physical contact. The risk of carrying the currency can be prevented. The costs of manual operation and paper ticket can be saved. Therefore ticket processing efficiency increases.

Abstract: A database-aided circuit design system and method therefor is provided, which can be utilized to detect problems of the product in an early design stage through the early design stage error-detection function, by making use of an artificial intelligence simulation database, storing the determination criterions for the optimized circuits, searching for failure generating factors and correcting the errors relative to the problems generated, based on the post production stage error-diagnosis function, in cooperation with the records stored in the artificial intelligence simulation database after the product has been actually produced, thus achieving the reduction of the product design and development costs, shortening the product market delivery time, and raising the competitiveness of the product.

Abstract: The invention provides N,N?-disubstituted monothiourea or bis-thiourea-Pd(0) complexes that are useful as catalysts for palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction of aryl iodides and bromides with olefins, and as catalysts for palladium catalyzed Suzuki reactions of organoboric compounds and aryl halides.