Abstract: A design of scalable techniques for Quality of Service (QoS) routing and forwarding, used to reduce the blocking probability of the flow requests, and to achieve storage and computational scalability. Three techniques have been designed: 1) an overflowed cache 2) a per-class routing mark, and 3) a two-phase routing, which can be implemented individually or simultaneously. From the evaluation results of the system simulation, show that the three scalable techniques can significantly lower the blocking probability as well as the storage and computational overheads. Such advantages make the present invention to achieve the scalability for the Quality of Services routing and forwarding.

Abstract: A duplex aware adaptive playout method includes detecting a packet communication mode as either a full-duplex mode or a half-duplex mode, calculating a playout delay for a current packet based on the detected packet communication mode, and delaying playout of the current packet by the calculated playout delay. When the packet communication mode is detected to be the half-duplex mode, the calculated playout delay for the current packet is set longer than when the packet communication mode is detected to be the full-duplex mode. A duplex aware adaptive communications device includes a playout buffer, a playout controller, a network delay estimator, and an active detector that detects a packet communication mode. The playout controller determines playout delays of packets in the playout buffer from estimated network delays and a detected packet communication mode being a full-duplex mode or a half-duplex mode.

Abstract: A method for objective playout quality measurement of a packet based network transmission includes determining a normalized total delay of a packet for playout and assigning a corresponding delay mean opinion score (DMOS) to the packet, then further determining a normalized packet loss rate of the packet and assigning a corresponding loss mean opinion score (LMOS) to the packet. The method includes averaging the DMOS and the LMOS to determine a mean mean opinion score (MMOS) of the packet and outputting the MMOS of the packet to a display device. The DMOS and LMOS can be assigned referencing continuous modeling equations or can be assigned referencing discrete value lookup tables. The method is performed by a processor.

Abstract: A codec aware adaptive playout method estimates playout delays for a current packet based on a loss mean opinion score (LMOS), a delay mean opinion score (DMOS), and a mean mean opinion score (MMOS) of packets with reference to the codec used in voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), streaming audio, and streaming video transmissions. The method selects an estimated playout delay having an optimum MMOS, or playout quality, from the plurality of estimated playout delays, and delays the playout of the current packet by the selected estimated playout delay. A codec aware adaptive playout device includes a playout controller for controlling playout of packets in a playout buffer. The playout controller references network delay estimates provided by a network delay estimator, and codec information such as the LMOS, DMOS, and MMOS provided by a codec detector to determine playout delays for the packets of the playout buffer.

Abstract: An apparatus for bandwidth management of TCP traffic on a communications network that apparatus comprises a forward data controller, a backward Ack controller, and a post-acknowledgement control machine. The forward data controller has a queuing space of a plurality of buffer registers for queuing outbound data of the TCP traffic. The backward Ack controller has a plurality of queues each having a plurality of buffer registers for queuing inbound Acks of the TCP traffic. The post-acknowledgement control machine includes an Ack-pacing controller for controlling the queuing of the backward Ack controller. The Ack-pacing controller subsequently allows the release of each of the inbound Acks queued in backward Ack buckets of the backward Ack controller to the sender of the outbound data upon determining that the queues in the forward data controller is at least partially emptied by sending the queued outbound data to the receiver of the outbound data.

Abstract: Keywords: computer assisted test, test assessment, test collection, distant learning. The main problem with the network test base system is that there are neither sufficiently many nor good enough test items. To satisfy these two points, there must be more test item resources and a mechanism for assessing test items to determine whether a test item should stay in the test base. The present invention provides a method for automation of dynamic test item collection and assessment, which allows teacher and students to contribute test items to the test base and each independently managed test base can share test items. This can make the test base rapidly grow and expand the size of a test base. The more independent the student are, the higher the applicability of this method is.

Abstract: Apparatus and method use pre-order queuing and scheduling. Reordering of the transmission sequence of packets that could be sent out in one round is allowed according to the quantum consumption status of the flow within the round. Per-packet time complexity is maintained independent from an increase in flow number and packets of variable-length are processed.

Abstract: A method of upstream multiple access control in a transmission system is disclosed. The transmission system includes a headend, a plurality of stations and a tree-and-branch network communicating the stations with the headend, in which the stations transmit information to the headend via upstream channels and the headend transmit information to the stations via downstream channels. The method of the present invention is composed of three mechanisms, namely, station positioning, membership control, and transmission scheduling.