Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) on a substrate, a spacer adjacent to the MTJ, a liner adjacent to the spacer, and a first metal interconnection on the MTJ. Preferably, the first metal interconnection includes protrusions adjacent to two sides of the MTJ and a bottom surface of the protrusions contact the liner directly.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) on a substrate, a first spacer on one side of the of the MTJ, a second spacer on another side of the MTJ, a first metal interconnection on the MTJ, and a liner adjacent to the first spacer, the second spacer, and the first metal interconnection. Preferably, each of a top surface of the MTJ and a bottom surface of the first metal interconnection includes a planar surface and two sidewalls of the first metal interconnection are aligned with two sidewalls of the MTJ.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) on a substrate, a first spacer on one side of the of the MTJ, a second spacer on another side of the MTJ, a first metal interconnection on the MTJ, and a liner adjacent to the first spacer, the second spacer, and the first metal interconnection. Preferably, each of a top surface of the MTJ and a bottom surface of the first metal interconnection includes a planar surface and two sidewalls of the first metal interconnection are aligned with two sidewalls of the MTJ.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to power over fiber technology configured to provide electrical power and communications via fiber to one or more sensors of one or more varieties. More particularly, the disclosure relates to a sensor system comprising a laser data module operatively connected to a powered sensor module, wherein the powered sensor module receives a light, converts the light to electrical power, and powers a sensor with the electrical power, and wherein the powered sensor module transmits signals from the sensor to a laser data module.

Abstract: Provided is a photovoltaic power converter receiver, including a photovoltaic cell, a waveguide coupled to the photovoltaic cell, and an optical transmission device of which an end is coupled to the waveguide for transmitting an optical wave to the photovoltaic cell through the waveguide, wherein the end of the optical transmission device is offset from a longitudinal central axis of the waveguide by a distance Doffset.

Abstract: This disclosure presents a power switching module combining a novel gate driver with a photonic isolated power source which can output a high voltage and high power at the same time, and thus can drive a power semiconductor device. The disclosed power switching module could simplify the switched mode power supply structure to (1) replace the isolated power supply module; (2) simplify circuitry of the gate driver by integrating gate driver signaling opto-electronics; and (3) provide a module with power semiconductor device under switched mode power supply structure.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to power over fiber technology configured to provide electrical power and communications via fiber to one or more sensors of one or more varieties. More particularly, the disclosure relates to a sensor system comprising a laser data module operatively connected to a powered sensor module, wherein the powered sensor module receives a light, converts the light to electrical power, and powers a sensor with the electrical power, and wherein the powered sensor module transmits signals from the sensor to a laser data module.

Abstract: Provided is a photovoltaic power converter receiver, including a photovoltaic cell, a waveguide coupled to the photovoltaic cell, and an optical transmission device of which an end is coupled to the waveguide for transmitting an optical wave to the photovoltaic cell through the waveguide, wherein the end of the optical transmission device is offset from a longitudinal central axis of the waveguide by a distance Doffset.

Abstract: A voltage source generator includes a light-transmissive component and a plurality of vertical multi junction (VMJ) cells. The light-transmissive component includes an inner space. The VMJ cells are disposed within the inner space of the light-transmissive component to receive light and perform light-to-electricity conversion. The VMJ cells are connected in series. The voltage source generator can generate a kV-level voltage and meet small-sized and low-cost demands. A voltage source module includes at least two voltage source generators connected to at least one electrical connector.