Abstract: A memory device includes a memory string, and a control logic coupled to the memory string. The control logic is configured to perform a first programming operation and a second programming operation on a selected memory cell of the memory string, after the first programming operation and before the second programming operation, apply a ground voltage to a first word line coupled to the selected memory cell, and apply a first voltage to a second word line coupled to an unselected memory cell of the memory string, wherein the first voltage is higher than the ground voltage.

Abstract: An asynchronous master-slave serial communication system, a data transmission method, and a control module using the same are disclosed. The asynchronous master-slave serial communication system comprises a master control module and a slave control module. The master control module generates a check code according to an address information and a data information, and generates a data package according to the address information, the data information, the check code and the master clock signal. The slave control module generates a decoding data according to the data package and a slave clock signal, and generates the address information, the data information and the check code according to the decoding data.

Abstract: A real-time sampling device for being coupled to a processing unit includes a first register, a second register, a third register, a trigger output element and a timer for outputting an interrupt signal. The first register externally receives and processes a first input signal to produce processed data. The second register retrieves the processed data from the first register upon receiving the interrupt signal, and the processing unit, upon receiving the interrupt signal, retrieves the processed data from the second register and performs calculation thereon to produce a processed data calculation value and temporarily store the processed data calculation value in the third register. The trigger output element outputs the processed data calculation value in the third register in real time upon receiving the interrupt signal. The real-time sampling device an be applied to digital control systems in order to perform real-time sampling on controlled subjects.

Abstract: An asynchronous master-slave serial communication system, a data transmission method, and a control module using the same are disclosed. The asynchronous master-slave serial communication system comprises a master control module and a slave control module. The master control module generates a check code according to an address information and a data information, and generates a data package according to the address information, the data information, the check code and the master clock signal. The slave control module generates a decoding data according to the data package and a slave clock signal, and generates the address information, the data information and the check code according to the decoding data.

Abstract: A motion control servo loop apparatus, comprising: a feed-forward control module, and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control loop and a compensation adder. The feed-forward control module is capable of generating a feed-forward compensation. The PID control loop further comprises: a proportional control module, an integral control module and a derivative control module. The proportional control module is capable of generating a proportional compensation. The derivative control module is capable of generating a derivative compensation. The integral control module uses a digital differential analyzer (DDA) algorithm to perform integration for accumulated errors with respect to each sampling clock at each DDA pulse and thus output an accumulated error, which is then processed to generate an integral compensation.

Abstract: A motion control servo loop apparatus, comprising: a feed-forward control module, and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control loop and a compensation adder. The feed-forward control module is capable of generating a feed-forward compensation. The PID control loop further comprises: a proportional control module, an integral control module and a derivative control module. The proportional control module is capable of generating a proportional compensation. The derivative control module is capable of generating a derivative compensation. The integral control module uses a digital differential analyzer (DDA) algorithm to perform integration for accumulated errors with respect to each sampling clock at each DDA pulse and thus output an accumulated error, which is then processed to generate an integral compensation.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for signal transmission in an embedded system. The apparatus comprises: a master control chip, embedded in the embedded system and comprising a controller and a plurality of I/O pins; a plurality of slave chips; and a bus having one end coupled to the plurality of I/O pins and the other end coupled to one of the plurality of slave chips; wherein data or signals are bi-directionally transmitted. The method comprises steps of: transmitting a control signal from a master control chip to a slave chip; starting an operation by the slave chip after receiving the control signal; transmitting a data signal and a command signal to the master control chip from the slave chip; processing the data signal according to the command signal by the master control chip; and transmitting another control signal from the master control chip to the slave chip to terminate the operation.

Abstract: A distributed-type input/output control IC is proposed to provide an integrated type improvement to the conventional remote control system. The distributed-type input/output control IC comprises a plurality of local digital IO and a plurality of remote IO master to control a plurality sets of local and remote systems and to simplify wiring.

Abstract: The present invention is an integral-type IC for multiple-axis position control to provide highly integrated and modular design for the positioning control of automatic system. The inventive IC comprises a plurality of digital differential analyzers (DDA) with output pulse circuit which convert the position command to pulse form, a plurality of servo motor position closed loop control positioning circuit, and a plurality of counters that works with motor encoder to precisely control the rotation speed and motion position of the motor. Thus the invention the position control function in a single IC.