Abstract: This application provides a reflective QoS flow characteristic-based communications method and apparatus. In the method, an access-network network element sends first information to a core-network network element, where the first information is used to indicate whether a data packet has a reflective QoS flow characteristic; and the access-network network element determines, based on the first information, whether there is a need to send a QoS flow identifier to a terminal. In this way, signaling overheads are reduced.

Abstract: A sensing method includes determining, by a first communication apparatus, first information. The first information indicates a pulse repetition interval (PRI). The sensing method also includes sending, by the first communication apparatus, the first information to a second communication apparatus. The first information is used by the second communication apparatus to send a reference signal, and a periodicity of the reference signal in time domain is less than or equal to the PRI. The sensing method further includes receiving, by the first communication apparatus, the reference signal from the second communication apparatus. The sending method additionally includes sensing, by the first communication apparatus, a to-be-sensed target based on the reference signal.

Abstract: This application provides communication methods and apparatuses. One method includes: accessing, by a terminal device, an access network device by performing first random access in a radio resource control inactive (RRC inactive) state, and receiving, by the terminal device by using a first receive beam for downlink transmission of the first random access, downlink control information (DCI) transmitted by the access network device.

Abstract: A positioning measurement method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: after a first network element receives, from a second network element, an indication of obtaining location information of a terminal, the first network element requests at least one access network device to broadcast a message. The terminal starts to send a reference signal upon receiving the message broadcast. The first network element further requests the at least one access network device to measure the reference signal. Upon receiving a measurement request, the access network device measures the received reference signal, to obtain a corresponding measurement result; then sends the measurement result to the first network element. According to the present application, during uplink positioning, a terminal in a non-connected state does not need to re-enter a connected state, thereby reducing a delay for positioning the terminal, reducing energy consumption of the terminal, and improving positioning efficiency.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a power headroom reporting method, an apparatus, and a system, to resolve a problem that a level mismatch currently exists between calculation of a Type 3 power headroom and reporting of the Type 3 power headroom. The method includes: A terminal device determines a power headroom corresponding to one or more reference signal resource sets in each of one or more cells, where the one or more cells are cells that are among cells participating in positioning of the terminal device and that require the terminal device to report the power headroom; and the terminal device sends power headroom information to a network device, where the power headroom information includes the power headroom corresponding to the one or more reference signal resource sets in each of the one or more cells.

Abstract: An uplink positioning method and a communication apparatus are provided, to reduce power consumption of a terminal in a positioning process, and meet a requirement for low power consumption. The method includes: A terminal receives first indication information and a first message, and sends, in a positioning area indicated by the first indication information, a reference signal based on resource configuration information corresponding to the positioning area. The first indication information indicates one or more positioning areas, the first message includes one or more pieces of resource configuration information, one piece of resource configuration information corresponds to one positioning area, each piece of resource configuration information is used to configure a resource for the terminal to send the reference signal, and the reference signal is used to determine a location of the terminal.

Abstract: This application discloses a communication method and apparatus. In the method, a terminal device receives first configuration information from an access network device, where the first configuration information is for configuring M configured grant (CG) resources to correspond N downlink reference signals. The M CG resources are used by the terminal device to send uplink information when the terminal device is in a non-connected state. The terminal device then receives first reconfiguration information from the access network device after the terminal device enters the non-connected state, where the first reconfiguration information is for updating downlink reference signals corresponding to some or all of the M CG resources.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a communication method and a related apparatus, to position a terminal device by a positioning device. A first access network device sends a retrieve UE context request message to a source access network device. The first access network device receives a retrieve UE context response message from the source access network device. The retrieve UE context response message includes reference information used to configure a sounding reference signal SRS of a terminal device, and/or information used to indicate to configure an SRS for the terminal device. The terminal device is in inactive state. The first access network device determines SRS configuration information of the terminal device based on the reference information and/or the information used to indicate to configure the SRS for the terminal device. The first access network device sends the SRS configuration information to the terminal device.

Abstract: A location management function device receives a request message, where the request message is for requesting to position a terminal device, and the request message includes integrity information of positioning. The location management function device positions the terminal device, where the integrity information includes information for indicating a requirement on positioning integrity.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a communication method and a related apparatus thereof, to implement positioning of a terminal device in a non-connected state. The method in embodiments of this application includes: A terminal device sends a radio resource control RRC resume request message to an access network device; and the terminal device receives an RRC release message from the access network device, where the RRC release message includes a long term evolution system positioning protocol LPP message, and the LPP message is from a positioning device.

Abstract: This application discloses an indoor-outdoor determining-based uplink transmission method and apparatus. A terminal device or a positioning device determines whether the terminal device is located indoors or outdoors. The terminal device or the positioning device sends a first message to an access network device, where the first message includes a first information element, and the first information element indicates whether the terminal device is located indoors or outdoors. The access network device determines an access parameter of the terminal device based on the first information element, where the access parameter includes an access frequency. According to the method disclosed in embodiments of this application, uplink transmission of the terminal device in a proper frequency band is implemented, and communication interference is reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a method for measuring a positioning reference signal. A terminal device receives first configuration information sent by a network device, where the first configuration information includes positioning reference signal (PRS) resource information configured by the network device for the terminal device. The PRS resource information includes: a plurality of frequency layers, a plurality of transmission reception points TRPs at each frequency layer, a plurality of resource sets of each TRP, and a plurality of resources in each resource set. The terminal device measures, based on the PRS resource information and a predetermined rule, a part or all of PRSs configured by the network device for the terminal device.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a HARQ process-based data transmission method and a terminal, and relate to communication technologies, to determine an initial status of a HARQ process and further perform uplink transmission by using a HARQ process that is in a not pending status. A specific solution includes: A terminal sets one or more HARQ processes that are associated with a first configured grant CG configuration on a first bandwidth part BWP to be in a not pending status, where the first CG configuration includes one or more CG configurations configured by a network device for the terminal on the first BWP, and the first BWP is a currently activated BWP of the terminal; and the terminal sends uplink data to the network device by using the HARQ process that is associated with the first CG configuration and that is in the not pending status.

Abstract: This application provides wireless communications configuration methods and apparatuses. One method includes: receiving a routing configuration of a transmission path for a layer of the network device, wherein the routing configuration comprises an identifier of a first wireless backhaul node, the network device is a distributed unit (DU) of the donor node or a second wireless backhaul node connected to the DU, the CU and at least one wireless backhaul node is on the transmission path, and wherein the layer of the network device is capable of mapping, on a backhaul link based on identification information related to quality of service (QoS) requirement comprised in a data packet, the data packet to a radio link control (RLC) channel on a backhaul link for sending the data packet to a next-hop node of the network device on the transmission path; and performing the routing configuration on the layer.

Abstract: A transmission method includes: a terminal device receives an uplink grant from a base station; and the terminal device sends a report to the base station, where the report includes a power headroom of each of at least one uplink subcarrier, and/or a power headroom of each of at least one bandwidth part. According to the uplink data transmission method, the terminal device, and the base station in embodiments of this disclosure, a power headroom can be reported at a finer granularity.

Abstract: A random access method and apparatus are provided. In the method, a configuration information element indicating a quantity of downlink signals per random access occasion and a first indication indicating a first downlink signal are sent by a network device to a terminal, and the terminal determines a correspondence between the first downlink signal and a random access occasion is determined based on the configuration information element, and sends a random access preamble via a random access occasion corresponding to the first downlink signal. In this way, the first random access occasion can be relatively accurately determined, and then a random access resource used for random access can be relatively precisely determined.

Abstract: A random access method includes working, by a user equipment (UE), on a first bandwidth part (BWP), where the first BWP is a currently active BWP, when the UE needs to perform a random access procedure, the UE performs the random access procedure on an initial BWP or on the first BWP, and when the UE receives BWP switching indication information from a network device instructing the UE to use a second BWP when performing the random access procedure on the first BWP, continuing, by the UE, to perform the random access procedure on the first BWP, or stopping, by the UE, performing the random access procedure on the first BWP, and performing the random access procedure on the second BWP.

Abstract: A random access method includes working, by a user equipment (UE), on a first bandwidth part (BWP), where the first BWP is a currently active BWP, when the UE needs to perform a random access procedure, the UE performs the random access procedure on an initial BWP or on the first BWP, and when the UE receives BWP switching indication information from a network device instructing the UE to use a second BWP when performing the random access procedure on the first BWP, continuing, by the UE, to perform the random access procedure on the first BWP, or stopping, by the UE, performing the random access procedure on the first BWP, and performing the random access procedure on the second BWP.

Abstract: An apparatus and test method for simulating spark discharge of a high-voltage electrostatic precipitator are provided. The simulation apparatus includes a pulse power supply configured to provide a test voltage, an anode cylinder configured to simulate an anode of a precipitator, a cathode rod configured to simulate a cathode of the precipitator, a pulse capacitor unit configured to simulate an electrode capacitor of the precipitator, an insulating support configured to hang the cathode rod, a voltage divider configured to measure an electrode voltage, and a grounded current sampling unit configured to measure grounded current. The simulation apparatus simulates a discharge process of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator to measure discharge characteristic parameters such as discharge current and discharge energy of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator. In this way, characteristics of spark discharge of the precipitator under different load conditions are simulated.

Abstract: An apparatus and test method for simulating spark discharge of a high-voltage electrostatic precipitator are provided. The simulation apparatus includes a pulse power supply configured to provide a test voltage, an anode cylinder configured to simulate an anode of a precipitator, a cathode rod configured to simulate a cathode of the precipitator, a pulse capacitor unit configured to simulate an electrode capacitor of the precipitator, an insulating support configured to hang the cathode rod, a voltage divider configured to measure an electrode voltage, and a grounded current sampling unit configured to measure grounded current. The simulation apparatus simulates a discharge process of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator to measure discharge characteristic parameters such as discharge current and discharge energy of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator. In this way, characteristics of spark discharge of the precipitator under different load conditions are simulated.