Abstract: A laser processing system includes a laser source, an optical splitting unit, a frequency conversion unit and at least one optical mixer. The optical splitting unit is provided to divide light emitted by the laser source into a first light and a second light, and the first light and the second light have the same wavelength range. The frequency conversion unit is provided to convert the second light into a working light. The working light includes a frequency converted light, and the frequency converted light and the second light have different wavelength ranges. The optical mixer is provided to mix the first light with the frequency converted light.

Abstract: An automatic white balance (AWB) method is performed on an image to adjust color gains of the image. The image is pre-processed into a set of pre-processed pixels, each of which represented by tricolor values that include a red (R) value, a green (G) value and a blue (B) value. For each candidate illuminant in a set of candidate illuminants, an indicator value that has a diffuse component and a specular component is calculated. One of the candidate illuminants is identified as a resulting illuminant, for which the indicator value is the minimum indicator value among the candidate illuminants. The minimum indicator value corresponds to cancellation of the specular component. The color gains of the image is then adjusted according to color ratios derived from the resulting illuminant.

Abstract: An automatic white balance (AWB) method is performed on an image to adjust color gains of the image. The image is pre-processed into a set of pre-processed pixels, each of which represented by tricolor values that include a red (R) value, a green (G) value and a blue (B) value. For each candidate illuminant in a set of candidate illuminants, an indicator value that has a diffuse component and a specular component is calculated. One of the candidate illuminants is identified as a resulting illuminant, for which the indicator value is the minimum indicator value among the candidate illuminants. The minimum indicator value corresponds to cancellation of the specular component. The color gains of the image is then adjusted according to color ratios derived from the resulting illuminant.

Abstract: A light locus of an imaging system is generated in a chromaticity space of two dimensions. The light locus represents a collection of candidate illuminants. The imaging system captures a gray-card image under each of N light sources to obtain N points in the chromaticity space, wherein N is a positive integer no less than three. Each point in the chromaticity space is described by a coordinate pair calculated from red (R), green (G) and blue (B) tristimulus values of the point. A second order polynomial function is calculated by curve-fitting the N points, and the light locus is generated to represent the second order polynomial in the chromaticity space. One of the candidate illuminants from the light locus is then identified as an illuminant for an image captured by the imaging system. A method for color transformation between two imaging systems in a chromaticity space is also described.

Abstract: An automatic white balance (AWB) method is performed on an image to adjust color gains of the image. The illuminant of the image is determined among a set of candidate illuminants, where each candidate illuminant is described by a corresponding coordinate pair (p, q) in a chromaticity coordinate system. The illuminant of the image can be determined by calculating an indicator value for each candidate illuminant; determining a threshold for indicator values of the candidate illuminants; identifying a subset of the candidate illuminants that have the indicator values not greater than the threshold; and for all candidate illuminants in the subset, calculating a weighted average of corresponding coordinate pairs to obtain an averaged coordinate pair. Chromatic adaptation of the illuminant in the PQ domain can also be performed on the image.

Abstract: A method and an associated device construct a uniform color space from raw RGB data without going through any intermediate color space, such as CIEXYZ. A direction and a scale of each of first, second and third perceptual color axes may be determined based at least in part on the characteristics related to the imaging device, such that a first perceptual color axis correlates with lightness, a second perceptual color axis correlates with yellow-blue color variations, and a third perceptual color axis correlates with red-green color variations. The second perceptual color axis may be substantially aligned with typical daylight variation.

Abstract: A method of constructing uniform color space directly from raw camera RGB and associated device is described. The method constructs a uniform color space from raw camera RGB may determine characteristics related to the imaging device. The method may also determine a direction and a scale of each of first, second and third perceptual color axes based at least in part on the characteristics related to the imaging device, such that a first perceptual color axis correlates with lightness, a second perceptual color axis correlates with yellow-blue color variations, and a third perceptual color axis correlates with red-green color variations. The second perceptual color axis may be substantially aligned with typical daylight variation.