Abstract: A respiratory or surgical humidifier comprising a heater base and an electrical connector. The heater base is configured to receive a humidifier chamber and supply humidified gases to a breathing tube when coupled with the chamber. The heater base also comprises a control circuit. The electrical connector is provided for electrically coupling the control circuit to a breathing tube. The electrical connector comprises a first power line, a second power line, and a data line configured to allow serial communication between the control circuit and one or more digital devices. Also provided is a humidifier system, a breathing tube, a humidifier chamber and an electrical connector for a humidifier.

Abstract: Over-enthalpy conditions when using a respiratory and/or surgical humidifier system can be prevented. A heating element power in an inspiratory conduit can be limited based at least in part on one or more parameters of the gases flow, and/or on an ambient temperature. The limit on the heating element power in the inspiratory conduit can be achieved using a processor and/or protection circuit(s) located outside the processor. For example, the system can use the processor to determine and/or apply the limit as a level of protection and use the protection circuit(s) as another level of protection.

Abstract: An improved system and method of controlling the operation of a respiratory or surgical humidifier system that can provide humidified gases of substantially constant humidity in dependence upon only one monitored variable, being signals received from a temperature sensor. A power controller can be configured to control a level of power supplied to a heater plate in dependence upon heater plate temperature and a humidity profile so as to drive an operating point of the humidifier towards the humidity profile. The rate of change of a heater plate temperature setpoint can be variably controlled in dependence upon a heater plate temperature setpoint and heater plate temperature.

Abstract: An improved system and method of monitoring the operation of a respiratory or surgical humidifier system. A controllable load can be connected across output terminals to a tube heating element to test the operation of a tube heating element supply circuit. A range of tests may be performed by controlling the state of one or more components and monitoring one or more sensors. Tests may be performed either during or not during therapy and either with a gas supply tube connected or not. Transient currents may also be detected and the power supply to a tube heating element can be stopped where transient currents outside a permitted range are detected.

Abstract: An improved system and method of determining a low water and/or water-out condition in a humidifier chamber of a respiratory or surgical humidifier system can use a specific frequency band to detect changes in a temperature of a heater plate. The temperature changes can correlate to the specific heat capacity value of the humidifier chamber. The low water and/or water-out detection process can be performed without having to determine the gases flow rate and/or can be run continuously. A heater plate assembly of the system can include a compliant insulation sheet to improve thermal coupling between the heating element and the top heating plate of the heater plate assembly, thereby improving the low water and/or water-out detection process.

Abstract: A social networking system presents content items to a user and determines if the user has less than at threshold level of interest in the presented content items based on one or more user interactions with the presented content items. For example, the social networking system determines the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items if at threshold number of requests for content are received within a time interval. If the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items, the social networking system identifies additional content items to present to the user, and may also identify content items previously presented to the user. Content is selected form the additional content items or from the previously presented content items and presented to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system selects and presents content items to a user via a feed. Additionally, the social networking system predicts heights associated with various content items, such as content items selected for presentation via the feed. Characteristics of a content item (e.g., a type of content included in the content item, a language of the content item, and a number of comments associated with the content item) as well as characteristics of a client device associated with the user are used to predict a height associated with the content item. When selecting content items for presentation to the user, the social networking system accounts for the predicted heights of various content items to increase the likelihood of the user interacting with content items presented via the feed.

Abstract: A system and method for providing cross device identity matching service is provided. An request is received by an ad exchange, which includes an ad impression opportunity and information of one identity associated with a user. The user is determined and at least one identity of the same user is selected for at least one bidder to generate at least one bidding request for online advertising.

Abstract: A social networking system selects and presents content items to a user via a feed. Additionally, the social networking system predicts heights associated with various content items, such as content items selected for presentation via the feed. Characteristics of a content item (e.g., a type of content included in the content item, a language of the content item, and a number of comments associated with the content item) as well as characteristics of a client device associated with the user are used to predict a height associated with the content item. When selecting content items for presentation to the user, the social networking system accounts for the predicted heights of various content items when ordering the content items in the news feed.

Abstract: A social networking system presents content items to a user and determines if the user has less than at threshold level of interest in the presented content items based on one or more user interactions with the presented content items. For example, the social networking system determines the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items if at threshold number of requests for content are received within a time interval. If the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items, the social networking system identifies additional content items to present to the user, and may also identify content items previously presented to the user. Content is selected form the additional content items or from the previously presented content items and presented to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system presents content items to a user and determines if the user has less than at threshold level of interest in the presented content items based on one or more user interactions with the presented content items. For example, the social networking system determines the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items if at threshold number of requests for content are received within a time interval. If the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items, the social networking system identifies additional content items to present to the user, and may also identify content items previously presented to the user. Content is selected form the additional content items or from the previously presented content items and presented to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system selects and presents content items to a user via a feed. Additionally, the social networking system predicts heights associated with various content items, such as content items selected for presentation via the feed. Characteristics of a content item (e.g., a type of content included in the content item, a language of the content item, and a number of comments associated with the content item) as well as characteristics of a client device associated with the user are used to predict a height associated with the content item. When selecting content items for presentation to the user, the social networking system accounts for the predicted heights of various content items to increase the likelihood of the user interacting with content items presented via the feed.

Abstract: A social networking system selects and presents content items to a user via a feed. Additionally, the social networking system predicts heights associated with various content items, such as content items selected for presentation via the feed. Characteristics of a content item (e.g., a type of content included in the content item, a language of the content item, and a number of comments associated with the content item) as well as characteristics of a client device associated with the user are used to predict a height associated with the content item. When selecting content items for presentation to the user, the social networking system accounts for the predicted heights of various content items when ordering the content items in the news feed.

Abstract: A social networking system presents content items to a user and determines if the user has less than at threshold level of interest in the presented content items based on one or more user interactions with the presented content items. For example, the social networking system determines the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items if at threshold number of requests for content are received within a time interval. If the user has less than the threshold level of interest in the presented content items, the social networking system identifies additional content items to present to the user, and may also identify content items previously presented to the user. Content is selected form the additional content items or from the previously presented content items and presented to the user.

Abstract: A commodity exchange system enables trading and redemption of contracts of commodities with enhanced user experiences and functionalities. A user may pre-purchase a quantity of a commodity (e.g., gasoline) by purchasing a contract of the commodity at a currently traded price of the contract, which provides the user future rights to receive a quantity of the commodity at a strike price (which may be zero). The users may sell (or short sell/underwrite) these contracts through the commodity exchange system. The owner of a contract redeems the contract to obtain the commodity by transacting with a commodity supplier at the strike price, and original seller of the contract or an underwriter associated therewith pays the difference between a spot (market) price and the strike price upon redemption of the contract.

Abstract: An online system applies position discounts to values of various content items based on the positions in a display in which the content items are presented. The value of presenting a content item is based on historical user interactions with the content item or similar content items. A position discount reflects a change between user interacting with a content item presented in a position offset from a reference position and user interaction with the content item if it was presented in the reference position. A position discount may be determined for various content items presented in one or more positions based on user-specific, contextual, and other types of information describing user interaction with content items. Position discounts may be used by the online system to optimize selection and presentation of content items to its users.