Abstract: Halogenated graphene nanoplatelets that are characterized by having, except for the carbon atoms forming the perimeters of the graphene layers of the nanoplatelets, (i) graphene layers that are free from any element or component other than sp2 carbon, and (ii) substantially defect-free graphene layers; the total content of halogen in the nanoplatelets is about 5 wt % or less calculated as bromine and based on the total weight of the nanoplatelets. Processes for producing such nanoplatelets and various end uses for such nanoplatelets are also described. Halogenated exfoliated graphite having a total content of halogen of about 5 wt % or less calculated as bromine and based on the total weight of the halogenated exfoliated graphite and processes for producing the halogenated exfoliated graphite are also provided.

Abstract: Thermally-activated cellulosic-based carbon is rendered more thermally stable by exposure to a halogen and/or a halogen-containing compound. Such treated cellulosic-based carbon is suitable for use in mitigating the content of hazardous substances in flue gases, especially flue gases having a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 420° C.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for reducing emissions of mercury from a cement plant comprising at least a kiln (6), a particulate collection device (10), collected particulates, an exhaust gas stream (8b), a heater, and a mercury scrubber, wherein the heater and mercury scrubber are upstream from the kiln. The methods comprise directing the collected particulates through the heater, to form volatilized mercury species from the collected particulates; directing the collected particulates from the heater downstream toward the kiln; and directing the volatilized mercury species to the mercury scrubber. The exhaust gas stream (8c) exits the particulate collection device and is not directed into the heater. Optional steps include injecting a mercury sorbent at one or more points between the kiln and the particulate collection device.

Abstract: Thermally-activated cellulosic-based carbon is rendered more thermally stable by exposure to a halogen and/or a halogen-containing compound. Such treated cellulosic-based carbon is suitable for use in mitigating the content of hazardous substances in flue gases, especially flue gases having a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 420° C.

Abstract: Thermally-activated cellulosic-based carbon is rendered more thermally stable by exposure to a halogen and/or a halogen-containing compound. Such treated cellulosic-based carbon is suitable for use in mitigating the content of hazardous substances in flue gases, especially flue gases having a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 420° C.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for reducing emissions of mercury from a cement plant comprising at least a kiln (6), a particulate collection device (10), collected particulates, an exhaust gas stream (8b), a heater, and a mercury scrubber, wherein the heater and mercury scrubber are upstream from the kiln. The methods comprise directing the collected particulates through the heater, to form volatilized mercury species from the collected particulates; directing the collected particulates from the heater downstream toward the kiln; and directing the volatilized mercury species to the mercury scrubber. The exhaust gas stream (8c) exits the particulate collection device and is not directed into the heater. Optional steps include injecting a mercury sorbent at one or more points between the kiln and the particulate collection device.

Abstract: The invention provides an effective and environmentally friendly antibody protective agent and the methods of using it in immunological detection. The antibody protective agent helps antibody to maintain relatively high immunological activity at room temperature. Working electrodes coated with antibodies and the antibody protective agent are installed in immunological detection devices to enhance stability and accuracy of immunological detection. The antibody protective agent is effectively used in the detection of a variety of toxins, for example, aflatoxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin, algae toxin, and vomitoxin.

Abstract: Mercury adsorbed from combustion gas by activated carbon can be sequestered in concrete containing air entraining admixtures. The activated carbon may be made by providing a carbon char made from anthracite or low-volatile bituminous coal that was devolatilized and carbonized in an oxygen-depleted environment and activating this char in the presence of steam to provide an activated carbon with an acid blue 80 index of less than about 30 milligrams per gram of carbon. The activated carbon may also be made by providing a carbon char that was devolatilized and carbonized in an oxygen-depleted environment and activating this char in the presence of oxygen to provide an activated carbon. The carbon may be injected into a combustion gas stream containing fly ash and mercury and may then be removed with fly ash from the gas stream. The resulting composition may be used as a partial substitute for cement in air-entrained concretes.

Abstract: Mercury adsorbed from combustion gas by activated carbon can be sequestered in concrete containing air-entraining admixtures. The activated carbon may be made by providing a carbon char made from coconut shell, wood, or lignite that was activated by a method selected from the group consisting of activating with steam, activating with CO2, activating in an environment containing free oxygen, and combinations thereof to provide an activated carbon with an Acid Blue 80 Index of less than about 30 milligrams per gram of carbon. The activated carbon may be injected into a combustion gas stream containing fly ash and mercury and may then be removed with fly ash from the gas stream. The resulting composition may be used as a partial substitute for cement in air-entrained concretes.

Abstract: Thermally-activated cellulosic-based carbon is rendered more thermally stable by exposure to a halogen and/or a halogen-containing compound. Such treated cellulosic-based carbon is suitable for use in mitigating the content of hazardous substances in flue gases, especially flue gases having a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 420° C.

Abstract: The invention provides an effective and environmentally friendly antibody protective agent and the methods of using it in immunological detection. The antibody protective agent helps antibody to maintain relatively high immunological activity at room temperature. Working electrodes coated with antibodies and the antibody protective agent are installed in immunological detection devices to enhance stability and accuracy of immunological detection. The antibody protective agent is effectively used in the detection of a variety of toxins, for example, aflatoxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin, algae toxin, and vomitoxin.

Abstract: Mercury adsorbed from combustion gas by activated carbon can be sequestered in concrete containing air-entraining admixtures. The activated carbon may be made by providing a carbon char made from coconut shell, wood, or lignite that was activated by a method selected from the group consisting of activating with steam, activating with CO2, activating in an environment containing free oxygen, and combinations thereof to provide an activated carbon with an Acid Blue 80 Index of less than about 30 milligrams per gram of carbon. The activated carbon may be injected into a combustion gas stream containing fly ash and mercury and may then be removed with fly ash from the gas stream. The resulting composition may be used as a partial substitute for cement in air-entrained concretes.

Abstract: Mercury adsorbed from combustion gas by activated carbon can be sequestered in concrete containing air entraining admixtures. The activated carbon may be made by providing a carbon char made from anthracite or low-volatile bituminous coal that was devolatilized and carbonized in an oxygen-depleted environment and activating this char in the presence of steam to provide an activated carbon with an acid blue 80 index of less than about 30 milligrams per gram of carbon. The activated carbon may also be made by providing a carbon char that was devolatilized and carbonized in an oxygen-depleted environment and activating this char in the presence of oxygen to provide an activated carbon. The carbon may be injected into a combustion gas stream containing fly ash and mercury and may then be removed with fly ash from the gas stream. The resulting composition may be used as a partial substitute for cement in air-entrained concretes.

Abstract: A process for sequestering carbon dioxide, which includes reacting a silicate based material with an acid to form a suspension, and combining the suspension with carbon dioxide to create active carbonation of the silicate-based material, and thereafter producing a metal salt, silica and regenerating the acid in the liquid phase of the suspension.

Abstract: A process for sequestering carbon dioxide, which includes reacting a silicate based material with an acid to form a suspension, and combining the suspension with carbon dioxide to create active carbonation of the silicate-based material, and thereafter producing a metal salt, silica and regenerating the acid in the liquid phase of the suspension.