Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a random access method and an apparatus. The method includes: A terminal device performs first-type random access in a first bandwidth part, where the first bandwidth part is an active uplink bandwidth part; the terminal device determines a first parameter, where the first parameter is duration for performing first-type random access in the first bandwidth part, or the first parameter is a quantity of times of sending a first-type random access message; and the terminal device performs random access in a second bandwidth part if the first parameter is greater than a first threshold, where the second bandwidth part is an uplink bandwidth part, and an identifier of the second bandwidth part is different from an identifier of the first bandwidth part. Through implementation of the method described in embodiments of this application, a success rate of random access can be improved, and the terminal device can access a network in a timely manner.

Abstract: In the field of communication technologies, a random access preamble sending method and a communication apparatus are provided to avoid a problem that a conflict exists between a PRACH time-frequency resource occupied by a terminal device for sending a random access preamble and a PUSCH time-frequency resource occupied by another terminal device for sending uplink data, and consequently a network device cannot normally receive the random access preamble and the uplink data. The method includes: a terminal device receives configuration information sent by a network device, where the configuration information includes configuration information of a PRACH time-frequency resource set and configuration information of a PUSCH time-frequency resource set. The terminal device determines, in the PRACH time-frequency resource set, a PRACH time-frequency resource that does not conflict with the PUSCH time-frequency resource set.

Abstract: An information transmission method includes sending, by a terminal, second information and uplink data. The uplink data is sent in a second access mode. The second information indicates a first access mode. The first access mode is useable by the terminal to send the uplink data before the terminal sends the uplink data in the second access mode.

Abstract: This application provides a method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: receiving a random access message of a first-type random access procedure, wherein the random access message of the first-type random access procedure comprises a random access preamble and uplink data; and sending first downlink control information (DCI) or second DCI within a first window, wherein the first DCI is for scheduling a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) that carries a first response message for the random access preamble, and the second DCI is for scheduling a second PDSCH that carries a second response message for the random access message.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a beam management method, including: A communication device like a terminal device or an access network device maps a reference signal measurement quantity to input adaptation information by using an input adaptation layer, where a beam pattern corresponding to the reference signal measurement quantity is a first beam pattern; and obtains a first beam prediction result by using a beam prediction model, where an input of the beam prediction model includes the input adaptation information, the input of the beam prediction model matches a second beam pattern, and the first beam pattern is different from the second beam pattern. According to the method, system overheads can be reduced.

Abstract: This application provides a random access method and an apparatus. The random access method includes: User equipment sends a random access message of a first-type random access procedure to a network device. The random access message of the first-type random access procedure includes a random access preamble and uplink data. The user equipment starts a first time window after the end of the transmission of the random access preamble, and detects first downlink control information (DCI) and second DCI within the first time window. The first DCI is used to schedule a first physical downlink shared channel PDSCH for carrying a first response message to the random access preamble, and the second DCI is used to schedule a second PDSCH for carrying a second response message to the random access message.

Abstract: A terminal device obtains M pieces of first downlink channel sub-data, where each piece of first downlink channel sub-data corresponds to one data space in M data spaces. For an ith piece of first downlink channel sub-data in the M pieces of first downlink channel sub-data, the terminal device determines, based on a first dictionary corresponding to an ith data space, first information corresponding to the ith piece of first downlink channel sub-data, where M pieces of first information are determined in total. The terminal device sends first indication information, to indicate the M pieces of first information. Different data spaces can represent different channel environment information. The terminal device feeds back first information corresponding to different data spaces, so that an access network device can determine a correspondence between first information and environment information. Accuracy of the first information fed back by the terminal device is improved.

Abstract: A reference signal indication method includes receiving a plurality of reference signals, and sending at least one codeword on a first time-frequency resource. The at least one codeword includes a first codeword. The first codeword corresponds to a first reference signal in N reference signals of the plurality of reference signals. The first reference signal is a selected reference signal. The N reference signals are a subset of the plurality of reference signals, and N is a positive integer.

Abstract: A method includes: When user equipment is in an RRC idle mode or inactive mode, the user equipment sends a first random access preamble to an access network device on a PRACH resource, and sends first uplink data to the access network device on a PUSCH resource. The user equipment sends, by using at least two beams respectively, SRSs to the access network device on at least two SRS resources associated with the PUSCH resource. The user equipment receives a random access response from the access network device, where the random access response includes beam indication information, and the beam indication information is used to indicate an optimal beam in the at least two beams.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication method. The method includes: determining first channel information, where the first channel information includes information in M1 dimensions, information in an ith dimension in the M1 dimensions includes Ni pieces of information, M1 is a positive integer greater than 1, i is a positive integer ranging from 1 to M1, and Ni is a positive integer greater than 1; determining channel state indication information based on second channel information, where the second channel information indicates partial information of Nm pieces of information in an mth dimension in the M1 dimensions, and m is a positive integer from 1 to M1; and sending first indication information and the channel state indication information, where the first indication information indicates a location of the second channel information in the first channel information.

Abstract: This disclosure provides an information transmission method and an apparatus. A first device receives N pieces of first node information from a second device, so that a first artificial intelligence model can be determined based on the N pieces of first node information and first link information, in other words, a structure of the first artificial intelligence model can be reconstructed. According to the method, when the second device indicates an artificial intelligence model to the first device, node information of a node and a connection relationship between nodes may be separately indicated. In addition, if the connection relationship between the nodes in the artificial intelligence model is a serial structure, the first link information may not be indicated, and only the node information is indicated, so that representation and transmission overheads of the artificial intelligence model can be reduced.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: receiving first information from a first node, where the first information is for configuring a first model structure of an intelligent model, the first model structure includes N operations, N is a positive integer, an operation in the N operations is a calculation for obtaining an output parameter by using an operation parameter and an operator, and the operator is an operation rule or a function; and determining the intelligent model based on the first information. This enables communication nodes to reach a consensus on the model structure, makes the intelligent model applicable to a communication network, and implements communication network intelligence.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus, to improve positioning performance. The method includes: obtaining M pieces of first channel estimation information, where an mth piece of first channel estimation information in the M pieces of first channel estimation information is estimation information of a channel between an mth cell node in M cell nodes and a terminal device, M is a positive integer greater than 1, and m is a positive integer from 1 to M; and determining M pieces of second channel estimation information based on at least one of the M pieces of first channel estimation information, where an mth piece of second channel estimation information in the M pieces of second channel estimation information corresponds to the channel between the mth cell node and the terminal device.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a communication method, which includes: obtaining M pieces of channel estimation information, where an mth piece of channel estimation information in the M pieces of channel estimation information is estimation information of a channel between an mth cell node in M cell nodes and a terminal device; determining a type of a target positioning manner based on the M pieces of channel estimation information; and obtaining N pieces of channel estimation information based on the type of the target positioning manner, where the N pieces of channel estimation information are used to position the terminal device, an nth piece of channel estimation information in the N pieces of channel estimation information is estimation information of a channel between an nth cell node in N cell nodes and the terminal device, the N cell nodes are included in the M cell nodes.

Abstract: A data processing method for a model and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: A first node determines the data processing method for the model; and the first node implements, according to the data processing method for the model, at least one of the following: performing model training or performing model inference. Based on the method and the apparatus, inference tasks for different radio resource configurations can be completed by using one model, so that overheads for model training and storage are reduced.

Abstract: An uplink precoding method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: A terminal device receives first information from an access network device; the terminal device determines a first precoding matrix based on the first information and a first model, where the first precoding matrix is determined based on an output of the first model, and an input of the first model is determined based on the first information; the terminal device precodes an uplink signal based on the first precoding matrix; and the terminal device sends a precoded uplink signal to the access network device. In the method, the terminal device determines the first precoding matrix based on the first information and the first model. The precoding matrix is no longer selected from an offline codebook, but is a floating-point matrix generated by the terminal device based on the first information.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus. An apparatus obtains an ith piece of first information that indicates an ith local model of each of K subnodes and i is a positive integer, and determines an ith federated learning model of a kth subnode based on the ith piece of first information and a type of the ith federated learning model of the kth subnode, where k is any positive integer from 1 to K. When i is greater than 1, the type of the ith federated learning model of the kth subnode is determined based on a type or performance of an (i?1)th federated learning model of the kth subnode. The apparatus sends an ith piece of second information, where the ith piece of second information indicates an ith federated learning model of each of the K subnodes.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus, to reduce transmission overheads of training data and improve performance of an artificial intelligence model. The method includes: obtaining first data and first information from a first node, where the first information indicates a data augmentation manner of the first data; and determining a first training dataset of a model based on the first data and the first information.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a communication method and apparatus. A terminal device obtains M channel estimation results corresponding to M time units, where M is greater than 1. The terminal device performs joint compression on the M channel estimation results by using an encoder network, to obtain N pieces of compression information. The terminal device sends the N pieces of compression information to an access network device. Because the terminal device performs joint compression, correlation between downlink channels at different time points is fully utilized. The access network device recovers the N pieces of compression information obtained through joint compression, so that more accurate and effective downlink channel information can be obtained.