Abstract: A system, method, and computer program are provided for processing a billing item. In use, a first dataset is collected including a plurality of records. The first dataset includes customer records, billing records (with billing item(s)) for each of the customers, and call incident records (with calling customer identification, billing record identification, and billing item identification). Additionally, a first AI-model is trained using the first dataset to recognize at least one pair of a first customer type and a first billing item type, and an associated first probability that such pair results in a call to the call-center. Further, a second dataset is collected including new billing records. The first AI-model is used to detect at least one billing record in the second dataset having probability higher than a redefined threshold probability that the customer associated with the billing record will call a call-center.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for verifying virtual network function (VNF) package and/or network service definition integrity. In use, a system identifies a virtual network function package or a network service definition for performing integrity verification. The system computes a unique identifier of the VNF package or the network service definition that allows verification of an integrity of the VNF package or the network service definition. The system stores the unique identifier in a blockchain or a shared database. The system provides the VNF package or the network service definition to an entity such that the entity is capable of verifying the integrity of the VNF package or the network service definition by using the unique identifier of the VNF package or the network service definition from the blockchain or the shared database.

Abstract: Systems and methods transfer execution of tasks executed on behalf of client devices between edge nodes operated by different operators. A request is received at a destination edge node deployed at a network edge to provide computing services to a client device currently served by an origin edge node. The origina edge node and the destination edge node are operated by different operators. An edge identifier of the origin edge node and task identifier(s) of task(s) executed by the origin edge node for the client device are received. The origin edge node is communicated with to obtain task information relating to the task(s) in one or more registries shared by the first and second operators to map task identifier(s) to respective tasks. A connection is made to the client device the task(s) are executed for the client device using the task information.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for implementing various device decisions regarding edges/towers. The method comprises one or more of: choosing a single best edge or tower for a device; splitting workloads between multiple edges or towers; and controlling multiple smart devices and deciding how to split a workload between them.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transferring execution of tasks executed on behalf of client devices between edge nodes operated by different operators comprising receiving, at a destination edge node deployed at a network edge, a request to provide computing services to a client device currently served by an origin edge node operated by a first operator where the destination edge node is operated by a second operator, receiving an edge identifier of the origin edge node and task identifier(s) of task(s) executed by the origin edge node for the client device, communicating with the origin edge node identified by the edge identifier to obtain task information relating to the task(s) identified by the task identifier(s) in one or more registries shared by the first and second operators to map task identifier(s) to respective tasks, connecting to the client device and executing the task(s) for the client device using the task information.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for implementing a license ledger in a Network Function Virtualization based (NFV-based) communication network. In operation, a license ledger system identifies information corresponding to one or more usage transactions associated with one or more virtual network functions (VNFs) in a NFV-based network. The license ledger system stores the information associated with the one or more usage transactions utilizing blockchain technology such that the information associated with the one or more usage transactions is unalterable. Additionally, the license ledger system communicates with one or more license reporters to provide access to usage data corresponding to the one or more usage transactions associated with the one or more VNFs to provide a trusted source for real-time usage data.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for verifying virtual network function (VNF) package and/or network service definition integrity. In use, a system identifies a virtual network function package or a network service definition for performing integrity verification. The system computes a unique identifier of the VNF package or the network service definition that allows verification of an integrity of the VNF package or the network service definition. The system stores the unique identifier in a blockchain or a shared database. The system provides the VNF package or the network service definition to an entity such that the entity is capable of verifying the integrity of the VNF package or the network service definition by using the unique identifier of the VNF package or the network service definition from the blockchain or the shared database.

Abstract: Stereoscopic display apparatus, includes two projectors having inputs connectable to a source of digital data representing the color components of two stereoscopic images, and outputs outputting two optical beams each having a set of color components of different polarization states; a polarization preserving screen; an optical filter system using exclusively optical retarders for transforming the polarizations of the optical beams outputted by the two projectors into two color sets, in which all the color components of one set are polarized in one polarization state, and all the color components of the other set are polarized in an orthogonal polarization state; and means for stacking the two color sets onto the polarization preserving screen, such as to enable stereoscopic viewing of the two color sets via orthogonally polarized filters. Some of the described preferred embodiments involve switching of one color component, e.g., the green color component, at the inputs to the two projectors.

Abstract: Stereoscopic display apparatus, includes two projectors having inputs connectable to a source of digital data representing the color components of two stereoscopic images, and outputs outputting two optical beams each having a set of color components of different polarization states; a polarization preserving screen; an optical filter system using exclusively optical retarders for transforming the polarizations of the optical beams outputted by the two projectors into two color sets, in which all the color components of one set are polarized in one polarization state, and all the color components of the other set are polarized in an orthogonal polarization state; and means for stacking the two color sets onto the polarization preserving screen, such as to enable stereoscopic viewing of the two color sets via orthogonally polarized filters. Some of the described preferred embodiments involve switching of one color component, e.g., the green color component, at the inputs to the two projectors.

Abstract: A micromirror array device comprising at least two of a plurality of zones of separately controllable tiltable reflecting elements, each of the tiltable reflecting elements of a zone being capable of tilting about an axis of predetermined tilt orientation associated with the zone between a first reflecting position reflecting an incident beam to a predetermined first direction (on direction), and a second reflecting position reflecting the incident beam to a predetermined second direction (off direction), each of the zones having a predetermined tilt orientation for all reflecting elements in that zone, that is different from the tilt orientation of at least one other zone of the zones.

Abstract: A micromirror array device comprising at least two of a plurality of zones of separately controllable tiltable reflecting elements, each of the tiltable reflecting elements of a zone being capable of tilting about an axis of predetermined tilt orientation associated with the zone between a first reflecting position reflecting an incident beam to a predetermined first direction (on direction), and a second reflecting position reflecting the incident beam to a predetermined second direction (off direction), each of the zones having a predetermined tilt orientation for all reflecting elements in that zone, that is different from the tilt orientation of at least one other zone of the zones.

Abstract: Optical apparatus includes a source light a reflector having a reflecting face on one side facing the source of light to receive light therefrom, a small interruption in the reflecting face, and a sampling device located on the opposite side of the reflector aligned with the small interruption for extracting a sample of the light received by the reflecting face.

Abstract: There is disclosed a fiber optic probe for infrared (IR) spectroscopy of a kind which serves both for illuminating a fluid or solid sample and for collecting the light reflected therefrom for spectral analysis. The probe has a tubular sheath with an inner, infrared radiation reflecting surface, holding light input and output optical fibers. The sheath has a sampling tip and the optical fibers stop short of the edge, forming with the sampling tip a sampling cavity.