Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible battery made of a cathode comprising printable graphite, the cathode positioned on a first side of a paper; an anode comprising aluminum on a second side of the paper; an aqueous electrolyte comprising water and an aluminum halide, the aqueous electrolyte saturated within the paper; and an encapsulating film surrounding the anode and cathode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible battery made of a cathode comprising printable graphite, the cathode positioned on a first side of a paper; an anode comprising aluminum on a second side of the paper; an aqueous electrolyte comprising water and an aluminum halide, the aqueous electrolyte saturated within the paper; and an encapsulating film surrounding the anode and cathode.

Abstract: An aluminum-air battery is provided. The battery comprises a hydrophilic and porous electrolyte substrate, a conductive layer comprising aluminum on one surface of the electrolyte substrate or inside the electrolyte substrate as battery anode, an oxygen reduction catalyst on an opposite surface of the electrolyte substrate as battery cathode, and an electrolyte either applied to the electrolyte substrate externally or pre-deposited into the electrolyte substrate. A battery shell can be employed for a multi-use rigid battery design, or it can be eliminated for a single-use flexible battery design.