Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a carbon nano-onion comprising a structure comprising a plurality of substantially concentric carbon shells. The substantially concentric carbon shells have a spherical, quasi-spherical, and/or polyhedral configuration or combinations thereof, where the substantially concentric carbon shells have surfaces functionalized with oxygen-containing functional groups. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of preparing an oxygen-functionalized carbon nano-onion. This method comprises providing a fixed carbon-containing source and treating the fixed carbon-containing source by joule heating under conditions effective to transform the fixed carbon-containing source into an oxygen-functionalized carbon nano-onion comprising a plurality of substantially concentric carbon shells. The substantially concentric carbon shells have a spherical, quasi-spherical, and/or polyhedral configuration or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for reducing blasting vibration of tunneling includes the steps of: dividing the cutting holes into several groups according to different cutting methods; conducting layout and test blasting on one group of cutting holes; testing blasting parameters for the layout and test blasting; calculating an interval t; conducting layout and test blasting on at least two groups of cutting holes again; testing blasting parameters for the layout and test blasting of each group for the second time; taking the minimum interval t of each group as the interval for formal blasting of the remaining groups of cutting holes. The use of the characteristics of the wave in the invention can superpose the peaks and troughs of the vibration wave, and further cancel out mutually; reduce the peaks of the blasting vibration and fill the troughs of the blasting vibration.

Abstract: One aspect of the present application relates to a method of synthesizing a thermoplastic polymer. This method includes providing a depolymerized lignin product comprising monomers and oligomers and producing lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers from the depolymerized lignin product. A thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer is then formed by free radical polymerization of the lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers. The present application also relates to a branched chain thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer which includes a chain transfer agent. The thermoplastic lignin based polymers of the present application can be used to prepare carbon fibers, and engineering thermoplastics. Mixtures of lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: One aspect of the present application relates to a method of synthesizing a thermoplastic polymer. This method includes providing a depolymerized lignin product comprising monomers and oligomers and producing lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers from the depolymerized lignin product. A thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer is then formed by free radical polymerization of the lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers. The present application also relates to a branched chain thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer which includes a chain transfer agent. The thermoplastic lignin based polymers of the present application can be used to prepare carbon fibers, and engineering thermoplastics. Mixtures of lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: One aspect of the present application relates to a method of synthesizing a thermoplastic polymer. This method includes providing a depolymerized lignin product comprising monomers and oligomers and producing lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers from the depolymerized lignin product. A thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer is then formed by free radical polymerization of the lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers. The present application also relates to a branched chain thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer which includes a chain transfer agent. The thermoplastic lignin based polymers of the present application can be used to prepare carbon fibers, and engineering thermoplastics. Mixtures of lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method of producing a lignin-based carbon fiber. This method comprises providing a lignin-containing material; producing a lignin fiber from the lignin-containing material; stabilizing the lignin fiber under tension, where the tension is adjusted during said stabilizing such that the maximum bearable tension is applied to the lignin fiber; and carbonizing the lignin fiber under tension to produce a carbon fiber, where said carbonizing is carried out at a temperature below 1200° C. and where the tension during said carbonizing is adjusted to avoid shrinkage. The present application is also directed to a lignin-based carbon fiber and molded articles containing such fibers.

Abstract: One aspect of the present application relates to a method of synthesizing a thermoplastic polymer. This method includes providing a depolymerized lignin product comprising monomers and oligomers and producing lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers from the depolymerized lignin product. A thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer is then formed by free radical polymerization of the lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers. The present application also relates to a branched chain thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer which includes a chain transfer agent. The thermoplastic lignin based polymers of the present application can be used to prepare carbon fibers, and engineering thermoplastics. Mixtures of lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for reducing blasting vibration of tunneling includes the steps of: dividing the cutting holes into several groups according to different cutting methods; conducting layout and test blasting on one group of cutting holes; testing blasting parameters for the layout and test blasting; calculating an interval t; conducting layout and test blasting on at least two groups of cutting holes again; testing blasting parameters for the layout and test blasting of each group for the second time; taking the minimum interval t of each group as the interval for formal blasting of the remaining groups of cutting holes. The use of the characteristics of the wave in the invention can superpose the peaks and troughs of the vibration wave, and further cancel out mutually; reduce the peaks of the blasting vibration and fill the troughs of the blasting vibration.

Abstract: A method and system for processing a bit-packed array using one or more processors, including determining a data element size of the bit-packed array, determining a lane configuration of a single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) unit for processing the bit-packed array based at least in part on the determined data element size, the lane configuration being determined from among a plurality of candidate lane configurations, each candidate lane configuration having a different number of vector register lanes and a corresponding bit capacity per vector register lane, configuring the SIMD unit according to the determined lane configuration, and loading one or more data elements into each vector register lane of the SIMD unit. SIMD instructions may be executed on the loaded one or more data elements of each vector register lane in parallel, and a result of the SIMD instruction may be stored in memory.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present specification provide a method for updating a database by using a two-phase commit distributed transaction. The method is applied to a coordinator, and includes: sending a first-phase prepare request message to each participant to end a current transaction, the current transaction being configured to update a target database record; and after receiving write lock advance release requests sent by all participants, returning a write lock advance release response to each participant to instruct each participant to unlock a target database record of the participant, the write lock advance release requests being sent by the participants after the participants successfully write a log of an update operation of the current transaction to a log buffer.

Abstract: A method and system for processing a bit-packed array using one or more processors, including determining a data element size of the bit-packed array, determining a lane configuration of a single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) unit for processing the bit-packed array based at least in part on the determined data element size, the lane configuration being determined from among a plurality of candidate lane configurations, each candidate lane configuration having a different number of vector register lanes and a corresponding bit capacity per vector register lane, configuring the SIMD unit according to the determined lane configuration, and loading one or more data elements into each vector register lane of the SIMD unit. SIMD instructions may be executed on the loaded one or more data elements of each vector register lane in parallel, and a result of the SIMD instruction may be stored in memory.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present specification provide a method for updating a database by using a two-phase commit distributed transaction. The method is applied to a coordinator, and includes: sending a first-phase prepare request message to each participant to end a current transaction, the current transaction being configured to update a target database record; and after receiving write lock advance release requests sent by all participants, returning a write lock advance release response to each participant to instruct each participant to unlock a target database record of the participant, the write lock advance release requests being sent 1w the participants after the participants successfully write a log of an update operation of the current transaction to a log buffer.

Abstract: One aspect of the present application relates to a method of synthesizing a thermoplastic polymer. This method includes providing a depolymerized lignin product comprising monomers and oligomers and producing lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers from the depolymerized lignin product. A thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer is then formed by free radical polymerization of the lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers. The present application also relates to a branched chain thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer which includes a chain transfer agent. The thermoplastic lignin based polymers of the present application can be used to prepare carbon fibers, and engineering thermoplastics. Mixtures of lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers are also disclosed.