Abstract: Provided is a coated solid pharmaceutical preparation which not only makes it difficult to perceive the unpleasant taste and/or unpleasant odor of pharmacologically active substances when taken but also does not easily discolor over time. In the coated solid pharmaceutical preparation, a solid pharmaceutical preparation containing a pharmacologically active substance is coated with a film containing a film-forming polymer and a flaky substance.

Abstract: In the present invention, an estimator for estimating the number of fish present in an underwater space is constructed by means of machine learning using, as teaching data, a plurality of data sets for learning that each include an echo image for learning, the echo image being based on received sound waves reflected by fish when sound waves are transmitted in an underwater space where fish are present, and the number of fish present in the underwater space in the echo image. The plurality of data sets for learning each include: an echo image for learning that is based on received sound waves reflected by fish when sound waves are transmitted in the underwater space where fish are present; and the number of fish present in the underwater space in the echo image.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle controls the hybrid vehicle including an engine and an electric motor. The engine includes a supercharger, and a blow-by gas treatment device including a ventilation line and a fresh air line and causing blow-by gas to be introduced into an intake system and combusted. The electric motor transmits torque to the engine. The control apparatus includes a control unit that controls driving of each of the engine and the electric motor. The control unit causes the electric motor to be in regenerative operation without decreasing an output torque of the engine in one or both of a case where a boost pressure decreases to a predetermined threshold or below and a case where an accelerator position decreases, in a situation where an outside air temperature is lower than or equal to a predetermined temperature and where the boost pressure is positive.

Abstract: Provided are a perfusion culture apparatus which can be utilized in long-duration culturing and which has a simple mechanism and is easy to use; and a centrifugal separator. The perfusion culture apparatus has a centrifugal separation tank 30 for centrifugally separating a culture solution W delivered from a culture tank 10, and a discharge mechanism 60 for causing a centrifugally separated supernatant of the culture solution to be discharged from the centrifugal separation tank. The centrifugal separation tank is provided with a cylindrical inner wall surface 32, and is configured so as to rotate about the center axis of the inner wall surface and thereby centrifugally separate the culture solution. The discharge mechanism includes a suction pipe 62 provided with a first end portion 64 which faces the inner wall surface and is disposed closer to the center axis than the culture solution during centrifugal separation, and a second end portion 66 which is disposed outside the centrifugal separation tank.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine and an engine start controller. The engine start controller is configured to derive an integrated value while a target driving force derived on a basis of an accelerator operation amount is larger than or equal to a predetermined first threshold value from a time point when the target driving force becomes larger than or equal to the first threshold value, and to start the engine when the integrated value becomes larger than or equal to a predetermined second threshold value. The integrated value is obtained by integrating a difference value between the target driving force and the first threshold value.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine and an engine start controller. The engine start controller is configured to derive an integrated value while a target driving force derived on a basis of an accelerator operation amount is larger than or equal to a predetermined first threshold value from a time point when the target driving force becomes larger than or equal to the first threshold value, and to start the engine when the integrated value becomes larger than or equal to a predetermined second threshold value. The integrated value is obtained by integrating a difference value between the target driving force and the first threshold value.

Abstract: Laser devices include a light source that emits a laser beam, an optical system that concentrates the laser beam emitted from the light source, an optical window through which the laser beam exited from the optical system passes, a housing that accommodates the optical system, and an optical window holding member fixed to the housing. The optical window holding member holds the optical window. In the first laser device, the optical window has a face or a protruding face through which the laser beam passes. When the optical window has the face, the face is flush with an edge of the optical window holding member and a film is formed on the face. When the optical window has the protruding face, the protruding face protrudes with reference to the edge of the optical window holding member and a film is formed on the protruding face.

Abstract: A cell stimulating apparatus for detaching adhesive cells adhered on a culture substrate from the culture substrate by stimulating the cells, comprising: an application unit configured to apply an alternating field between a first electrode and a second electrode opposing each other by sandwiching cells and a solution in which the cells are dipped, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is not in contact with the cells and the solution, wherein the cells and the solution are contained in a vessel, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged outside the vessel.

Abstract: A choke valve structure includes an air cleaner body having a suction pipe portion provided on an end wall, a choke valve having a valve body allowed to adhere to a sealing surface formed around an opening, and a movement mechanism configured to move the choke valve along a direction parallel to the sealing surface such that the valve body moves in closing and opening directions. A blowing back prevention plate disposed on an axial line of the suction pipe portion to face the opening is provided integrally with the air cleaner body. A protrusion, allowed to come into contact with the blowing back prevention plate when the valve body moves in the closing direction, is provided on the valve body. The valve body is pressed against the sealing surface to adhere thereto when the protrusion conies into contact with the blowing back prevention plate.

Abstract: A virtual plane obtained by a locus when a tangent line, which passes through a tool distal end edge, of a virtual circle formed when a tool distal end edge of a cutting edge is rotated in a tool circumferential direction is moved parallel to a tool axial line is a reference plane, an angle (ARt) at which a cross line of the reference plane and the cutting edge virtual plane, is inclined with respect to the tool axial line projected onto the reference plane, is in a range of ?30 degrees to ?60 degrees, an angle (RR) at which a cutting edge tangent line which passes through the tool distal end edge and extends outward in a tool radial direction, is inclined with respect to a predetermined tool radial direction, which passes through the tool distal end edge, is in a range of ?30 degrees to ?75 degrees.

Abstract: A backpack type blowing apparatus includes an intake pipe that connects an air cleaner fixed to a fan case of an air blower to a carburetor that supplies an evaporated fuel to an engine body, and a top cover fixed to the fan case to cover at least the intake pipe by interposing the intake pipe between the top cover and the fan case. The top cover has a plurality of cover fixing portions fixed to the fan case. An outer circumferential-side fixed portion positioned on an outer circumferential side of the intake pipe in the fan case is included in the plurality of cover fixing portions.

Abstract: Laser devices include a light source that emits a laser beam, an optical system that concentrates the laser beam emitted from the light source, an optical window through which the laser beam exited from the optical system passes, a housing that accommodates the optical system, and an optical window holding member fixed to the housing. The optical window holding member holds the optical window. In the first laser device, the optical window has a face or a protruding face through which the laser beam passes. When the optical window has the face, the face is flush with an edge of the optical window holding member and a film is formed on the face. When the optical window has the protruding face, the protruding face protrudes with reference to the edge of the optical window holding member and a film is formed on the protruding face.

Abstract: A backpack type blowing apparatus includes an intake pipe that connects an air cleaner fixed to a fan case of an air blower to a carburetor that supplies an evaporated fuel to an engine body, and a top cover fixed to the fan case to cover at least the intake pipe by interposing the intake pipe between the top cover and the fan case. The top cover has a plurality of cover fixing portions fixed to the fan case. An outer circumferential-side fixed portion positioned on an outer circumferential side of the intake pipe in the fan case is included in the plurality of cover fixing portions.

Abstract: A choke valve structure includes an air cleaner body having a suction pipe portion provided on an end wall, a choke valve having a valve body allowed to adhere to a sealing surface formed around an opening, and a movement mechanism configured to move the choke valve along a direction parallel to the sealing surface such that the valve body moves in closing and opening directions. A blowing back prevention plate disposed on an axial line of the suction pipe portion to face the opening is provided integrally with the air cleaner body. A protrusion, allowed to come into contact with the blowing back prevention plate when the valve body moves in the closing direction, is provided on the valve body. The valve body is pressed against the sealing surface to adhere thereto when the protrusion conies into contact with the blowing back prevention plate.

Abstract: A virtual plane obtained by a locus when a tangent line, which passes through a tool distal end edge, of a virtual circle formed when a tool distal end edge of a cutting edge is rotated in a tool circumferential direction is moved parallel to a tool axial line is a reference plane, an angle (ARt) at which a cross line of the reference plane and the cutting edge virtual plane, is inclined with respect to the tool axial line projected onto the reference plane, is in a range of ?30 degrees to ?60 degrees, an angle (RR) at which a cutting edge tangent line which passes through the tool distal end edge and extends outward in a tool radial direction, is inclined with respect to a predetermined tool radial direction, which passes through the tool distal end edge, is in a range of ?30 degrees to ?75 degrees.

Abstract: Inorganic fibers which contain Na2O, SiO2 and Al2O3 as main components and do not react with alumina at 600° C.

Abstract: A composition for inorganic fibers having the following composition ratio and including no solvent: SiO2 1.0 to 54.5 wt %; Al2O3 less than 58.0 wt %; MgO 1.0 to 69.0 wt %; CaO 6.0 wt % or less; and the total of SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO exceeding 94.0 wt %.

Abstract: A combination electrode for ion concentration measurement is provided including a glass electrode and a reference electrode whose internal electrode is made of silver-silver chloride, wherein a sealing means is provided configured to seal an upper surface of a reference electrode chamber formed in an outer tube which houses an internal electrode and an internal solution of the reference electrode, and around a glass support tube penetrating the outer tube along a substantially center axis thereof an annular silver member which the glass support tube penetrates along a center axis thereof, annular sealing elastic members for liquid-tightly sealing a space between the silver member and the glass support tube, and a space between the silver member and the outer tube, respectively, and the reference electrode internal electrode is connected to a terminal for a reference electrode through the silver member.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a technique to inhibit methanogens from producing methane. The use of Alcaligenes faecalis can inhibit methanogens from producing methane.