Abstract: The present application describes peptides that stimulate arachidonic acid release in target cells. The application also discloses peptides that cause intracellular calcium release.

Abstract: Disclosed are peptides having SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 24 that induce superoxide generation by human monocytes or neutrophils; that induce an intracellular calcium increase by human peripheral blood monocytes or neutrophils; binds to formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1; that induce chemotactic migration of human monocytes or neutrophils in vitro; that induce degranulation in formyl peptide receptor expressing cells or formyl peptide receptor-like 1 expressing cells; that stimulate extracellular signal regulated protein kinase phosphorylation via activation of formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1; or that stimulate Akt phosphorylation via activation of formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1.

Abstract: A vaccine having a good vaccination effect, which comprises an antigen; a peptide selected from the group consisting of a peptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, a peptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and a peptide derived from a peptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2; and an immune activator.

Abstract: The present application describes peptides that stimulate arachidonic acid release in target cells. The application also discloses peptides that cause intracellular calcium release.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method for activating phospholipase C (PLC) activity in a cell by contacting a cell that contains phospholipase C with a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method of identifying an active agent in a sample, which steps include subjecting the sample to a plurality of separation principles in parallel, obtaining an active fraction from each separation principle, and profiling physiochemical properties of the active fraction so as to obtain the agent that is common in each of the fractions, thereby identifying the agent of interest.

Abstract: Disclosed are peptides having SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 24 that induce superoxide generation by human monocytes or neutrophils; that induce an intracellular calcium increase by human peripheral blood monocytes or neutrophils; binds to formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1; that induce chemotactic migration of human monocytes or neutrophils in vitro; that induce degranulation in formyl peptide receptor expressing cells or formyl peptide receptor-like 1 expressing cells; that stimulate extracellular signal regulated protein kinase phosphorylation via activation of formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1; or that stimulate Akt phosphorylation via activation of formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1.

Abstract: A vaccine having a good vaccination effect, which comprises an antigen; a peptide selected from the group consisting of a peptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, a peptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and a peptide derived from a peptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2; and an immune activator.

Abstract: Disclosed are peptides having SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 32 that can stimulate superoxide generation in human monocytes. Superoxide is the most important armory on the primary defense line of monocytes against invading pathogens, and the identification of new stimuli and the characterization of the regulatory mechanism of superoxide generation are of paramount importance.