Abstract: A gas sensor includes: an outer housing having an outer housing gas inlet and an outer housing gas outlet for receiving a flow of gas; and an inner housing disposed within the outer housing such that a gas flow passage is defined through the gas sensor between the inner housing and the outer housing to allow gas to enter the outer housing gas inlet and exit the outer housing gas outlet. The inner housing is provided with an inner housing gas inlet and an inner housing gas outlet each in fluid communication with the gas flow passage. The inner housing gas inlet and inner housing gas outlet are positioned relative to the gas flow passage such that when gas flows through the gas flow passage there is a pressure gradient across the inner housing gas inlet and inner housing gas outlet which causes gas to pass through the inner housing.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes: a main elongate gas chamber with a supply opening arranged on a first end of the main gas chamber and a discharge opening positioned opposite the supply opening and arranged on a second end of the main gas chamber, to permit gas to flow through the main gas chamber; a magnetic field device providing a magnetic field in the main gas chamber; and an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver sensor arranged on either the first or second end of the main elongate gas chamber for directing an ultrasonic wave along a longitudinal axis of the main elongate gas chamber, an opposite end of the main elongate gas chamber being reflective for an ultrasonic wave, or an ultrasonic transmitter sensor arranged on a first end of the main elongate gas chamber and an ultrasonic receiver sensor arranged on a second end of the main elongate gas chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a cellulose dope comprising mixing and dissolving the cellulosic raw material in dilute and concentrated aqueous organic solvent in a two-stage process to form a homogeneous slurry, followed by heating the homogeneous slurry to obtain a cellulose dope containing 11% to 20% cellulose by weight. The invention also relates to a cellulose dope comprising 11% to 20% cellulose by weight and 73% to 79% aqueous organic solvent wherein the concentration of the cellulosic and metallic impurities in the cellulose dope shows a percent reduction of 20% to 50% from the cellulosic raw material.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes: an outer housing having an outer housing gas inlet and an outer housing gas outlet for receiving a flow of gas; and an inner housing disposed within the outer housing such that a gas flow passage is defined through the gas sensor between the inner housing and the outer housing to allow gas to enter the outer housing gas inlet and exit the outer housing gas outlet. The inner housing is provided with an inner housing gas inlet and an inner housing gas outlet each in fluid communication with the gas flow passage. The inner housing gas inlet and inner housing gas outlet are positioned relative to the gas flow passage such that when gas flows through the gas flow passage there is a pressure gradient across the inner housing gas inlet and inner housing gas outlet which causes gas to pass through the inner housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a cellulose dope comprising mixing and dissolving the cellulosic raw material in dilute and concentrated aqueous organic solvent in a two-stage process to form a homogeneous slurry, followed by heating the homogeneous slurry to obtain a cellulose dope containing 11% to 20% cellulose by weight. The invention also relates to a cellulose dope comprising 11% to 20% cellulose by weight and 73% to 79% aqueous organic solvent wherein the concentration of the cellulosic and metallic impurities in the cellulose dope shows a percent reduction of 20% to 50% from the cellulosic raw material.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes: a main elongate gas chamber with a supply opening arranged on a first end of the main gas chamber and a discharge opening positioned opposite the supply opening and arranged on a second end of the main gas chamber, to permit gas to flow through the main gas chamber; a magnetic field device providing a magnetic field in the main gas chamber; and an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver sensor arranged on either the first or second end of the main elongate gas chamber for directing an ultrasonic wave along a longitudinal axis of the main elongate gas chamber, an opposite end of the main elongate gas chamber being reflective for an ultrasonic wave, or an ultrasonic transmitter sensor arranged on a first end of the main elongate gas chamber and an ultrasonic receiver sensor arranged on a second end of the main elongate gas chamber.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes: a gas chamber with a supply opening and a discharge opening, so as to permit gas to flow through the gas chamber; a magnetic field device for providing a magnetic field in the gas chamber; a light source for generating a light beam that extends through the gas chamber; and a detector for detecting the light beam, which detector is arranged opposite the light source.

Abstract: A sensor head is described herein. The sensor head can include a first piece, where the first piece can include a body having an outer surface and an inner surface. The first piece can also include a light source cavity disposed in the body at the inner surface. The first piece can further include an optical device cavity disposed in the body at the inner surface. The first piece can also include an ellipsoidal cavity disposed in the body at the inner surface, where the ellipsoidal cavity is disposed adjacent to the optical device cavity. The first piece can further include a receiving device cavity disposed in the body adjacent to the inner surface that forms the ellipsoidal cavity. The first piece can also include at least one channel disposed in the body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a cellulose dope comprising mixing and dissolving the cellulosic raw material in dilute and concentrated aqueous organic solvent in a two-stage process to form a homogeneous slurry, followed by heating the homogeneous slurry to obtain a cellulose dope containing 11% to 20% cellulose by weight. The invention also relates to a cellulose dope comprising 11% to 20% cellulose by weight and 73% to 79% aqueous organic solvent wherein the concentration of the cellulosic and metallic impurities in the cellulose dope shows a percent reduction of 20% to 50% from the cellulosic raw material.

Abstract: A sensor head is described herein. The sensor head can include a first piece, where the first piece can include a body having an outer surface and an inner surface. The first piece can also include a light source cavity disposed in the body at the inner surface. The first piece can further include an optical device cavity disposed in the body at the inner surface. The first piece can also include an ellipsoidal cavity disposed in the body at the inner surface, where the ellipsoidal cavity is disposed adjacent to the optical device cavity. The first piece can further include a receiving device cavity disposed in the body adjacent to the inner surface that forms the ellipsoidal cavity. The first piece can also include at least one channel disposed in the body.