Abstract: A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device includes a microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode includes a body having a void formed therein and a plurality of microneedles. The void surrounds the plurality of microneedles, and the plurality of microneedles are bent outward with respect to the body to form a three-dimensional microneedle electrode. Additionally, each of the plurality of microneedles is sized and shaped to penetrate a nerve epineurium.

Abstract: A cryoablation system is provided that can assume a directional activated state and includes a cryoablation probe and a controller. The cryoablation probe has an active region that includes a cooling compartment and an opposing heating compartment that are thermally insulated from one another to minimize energy losses therebetween such that ice is selectively and directionally formed at the target site. The cooling compartment can include a temperature sensor and an exhaust tube to guide a fluid or gas that exhibits a Joule Thomson cooling effect through the probe. The heating compartment can include a temperature sensor and a heater cartridge having a heater zone. The controller of the cryoablation system can process temperature measurement data from the sensors of the heating and cooling compartments and regulate the heater zone based on the temperature measurement data processing to maintain a temperature that is sufficiently constant to mitigate or prevent formation of ice on the heating compartment.

Abstract: A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device includes a microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode includes a body having a void formed therein and a plurality of microneedles. The void surrounds the plurality of microneedles, and the plurality of microneedles are bent outward with respect to the body to form a three-dimensional microneedle electrode. Additionally, each of the plurality of microneedles is sized and shaped to penetrate a nerve epineurium.

Abstract: A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device may include at least one microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode may have one or more microneedles. The one or more microneedles may be shaped and positioned such that when the neural interfacing device is applied to a nerve, the one or more microneedles penetrate a nerve epineurium without any portion of the microneedle electrode penetrating any nerve axon beyond a depth of 500 micrometers.

Abstract: Portable microbial load detection is disclosed. For example, a test strip includes a calibration well with first, second, and third calibration traces and a sample well with first, second, and third test traces. A reader is configured to detect a connection with the test strip. A drive signal is applied to the test strip. A first voltage of the second calibration trace is measured indicating a reagent has been added to the calibration well. A second voltage of the third calibration trace is measured over a calibration time period and then used to calibrate the reader. An addition of a test sample in the sample well based is detected. A third voltage of the third test trace is measured over a test time period. A concentration of a detectable compound in the test sample is calculated and used to report a diagnosis state.

Abstract: Portable microbial load detection is disclosed. For example a test strip includes a calibration well with first, second, and third calibration traces and a sample well with first, second, and third test traces. A reader is configured to detect a connection with the test strip. A drive signal is applied to the test strip. A first voltage of the second calibration trace is measured indicating a reagent has been added to the calibration well. A second voltage of the third calibration trace is measured over a calibration time period and then used to calibrate the reader. An addition of a test sample in the sample well based is detected. A third voltage of the third test trace is measured over a test time period. A concentration of the compound in the test sample is calculated and used to report a diagnosis state.

Abstract: A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device may include at least one microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode may have one or more microneedles. The one or more microneedles may be shaped and positioned such that when the neural interfacing device is applied to a nerve, the one or more microneedles penetrate a nerve epineurium without any portion of the microneedle electrode penetrating any nerve axon beyond a depth of 500 micrometers.