Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet for a battery case having excellent corrosion resistance and a manufacturing method thereof. In one embodiment, the nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet comprises a base steel sheet; and a nickel layer formed on at least one surface of the base steel sheet; wherein the nickel layer is laminated in two or more layers, and a unit weight sequentially decreases from the base steel sheet toward a surface of the nickel layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a high-strength nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet for a battery case and a manufacturing method thereof. In one embodiment, the nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet comprises a base steel sheet containing 0.002 to 0.05 wt % of carbon (C); a nickel layer formed on at least one surface of the base steel sheet; and a nickel-iron (Ni—Fe) diffusion layer formed between the base steel sheet and the nickel layer, wherein the nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet is manufactured by subjecting a plated sheet, in which a nickel plating layer is formed on at least one surface of the base steel sheet, to an alloying heat treatment, and satisfies the condition of the following Equation 1. TS 2 - TS 1 ? 20 [ Equation ? 1 ] (In Equation 1, TS1 is the tensile strength (MPa) of the plated sheet, and TS2 is the tensile strength (MPa) of the nickel-plated heat-treated steel sheet.

Abstract: A display device may include a pixel. The pixel may include: a first electrode, a second electrode, and an intermediate electrode; light emitting elements, at least some of the light emitting elements being connected in series with each other through the intermediate electrode between the first electrode and the second electrode; a driving transistor configured to provide a driving current to the light emitting elements between a first power line and a second power line; and a first switching transistor connected in parallel with some of the light emitting elements and connected in series with remaining ones of the light emitting elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nickel plated steel sheet for a battery case having excellent corrosion resistance and a method for manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, the nickel plated steel sheet comprises: a base steel sheet; a nickel plating layer formed on one or more surfaces of the base steel sheet; and a nickel-iron (Ni—Fe) diffusion layer formed between the base steel sheet and the nickel plating layer; wherein the nickel plating layer and the nickel-iron (Ni—Fe) diffusion layer are formed by forming an electro-nickel plating layer on the base steel sheet and an electroless nickel plating layer on at least a portion of the surface of the electro-nickel plating layer, followed by heat treatment, and the nickel plating layer includes one or more co-deposited elements selected from phosphorus (P), boron (B), tungsten (W), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), and copper (Cu) on its surface.

Abstract: Provided are a multi-modal chatting apparatus and method which automatically generate and present a picture related to a conversation, if necessary, in a situation in which a user and a system have a conversation based on text or a voice. The multi-modal chatting apparatus includes a text response generation unit configured to generate a text system response that needs to be now spoken based on conversation context between a system and a user, a picture expression generation unit configured to generate picture expression text that expresses contents to be expressed by a picture based on the generated text system response, and a picture generation unit configured to generate a picture based on the generated picture expression text.

Abstract: Disclosed is an artificial neural network training and prediction method based on clustering. The artificial neural network training method based on clustering includes obtaining a predicted cluster probability distribution indicating a probability that input data will belong to each of multiple cluster classes and a target cluster probability distribution indicating a probability that output data, which is a label for the input data, will belong to each of the multiple cluster classes, and training the artificial neural network to minimize a loss function including cross-entropy between the predicted cluster probability distribution and the target cluster probability distribution.

Abstract: A pixel includes first and second sub-pixel areas adjacent to each other in a first direction; first and second electrodes disposed in each of the first and the second sub-pixel areas, and spaced apart from each other; light emitting elements disposed between the first and the second electrodes in each of the first and the second sub-pixel areas; a first driving transistor disposed in the first sub-pixel area, and electrically connected to the first electrode; and a second driving transistor disposed in the second sub-pixel area, and electrically connected to the first electrode. The first electrode of the first sub-pixel area and the first electrode of the second sub-pixel area are electrically disconnected from each other, and the second electrode of the first sub-pixel area and the second electrode of the second sub-pixel area are electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: A conversational artificial intelligence (AI) agent learning method based on a generative language model includes a step of clustering learning conversation data with respect to a conversation context to generate k number of learning conversation data clusters, a step of learning each of the k learning conversation data clusters to generate k number of generative language models, a step of inputting each learning conversation data cluster to the k generative language models to generate k number of first responses for each learning conversation data cluster, and a step of classifying response preference between the k first responses generated for each learning conversation data cluster to generate (k-1) number of response preference data and automatically generating k×(k-1) number of response preference data corresponding to all of the k learning conversation data clusters without a separate labeling operation.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel including a light-emitting element, and a data driver configured to sequentially provide first and second data signals to the pixel in a frame period including a first period and a second period, wherein the pixel is configured to emit light during the first period based on the first data signal, and to emit light during the second period based on the second data signal, wherein, when a grayscale value for the pixel is greater than a reference grayscale value, the pixel is configured to equally emit light in the first period and the second period, and wherein, when the grayscale value is less than or equal to the reference grayscale value, the pixel is configured to emit light differently in the first period compared to the second period, or to emit light in the first period while not emitting light in the second period.

Abstract: An inkjet printing apparatus includes: a print head device including an inkjet head to spray a composition for ink including a plurality of bipolar elements; an ink circulation device including an ink storage to store the composition for ink, and transfer the composition for ink to the print head device; an ink injection device to inject the composition for ink into the ink storage; and a temperature adjusting device to adjust a temperature of the composition for ink. The temperature adjusting device includes: a first temperature adjusting device to adjust a temperature to be included in a first reference temperature range; a second temperature adjusting device to adjust a temperature to be included in a second reference temperature range; and a third temperature adjusting device to adjust a temperature to be included in a third reference temperature range.

Abstract: A medical device includes a tube through which fluid flows; a handle part that is coupled to a proximal end portion of the tube; an electrode tip that is coupled to a distal end portion of the tube; and a fluid injection unit that injects fluid into the tube, in which the electrode tip is formed with one or more injection grooves that communicate with a hollow of the tube to inject the fluid.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a plurality of pixels disposed in a display area, each of the plurality of pixels includes a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other in a first direction, and at least one light emitting element disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, and a distance in the first direction between one end of the light emitting element and one end of the second electrode is greater than a distance in the first direction between another end of the light emitting element and one end of the first electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a method of training a generative language model. The method includes constructing learning data having a triple form and including input context, a vector of the input context (hereinafter referred to as an “input context vector”), and a next word string of the input context, and training a generative language model to convert a previous output sentence into an input context vector, detect an input context vector that is most similar to the converted input context vector in the learning data having the triple form, and output a next word string of input context corresponding to the detected input context vector.

Abstract: A display device, a method for fabrication thereof, and a head mounted display device are provided. The display device includes a first single crystal semiconductor substrate at which first transistors are located, a second single crystal semiconductor substrate on the first single crystal semiconductor substrate, and at which second transistors are located, and a connection line layer between the first single crystal semiconductor substrate and the second single crystal semiconductor substrate. The second single crystal semiconductor substrate includes a display area where sub-pixels are located, each of the plurality of sub-pixels includes a light emitting element, a plurality of first through holes in a non-display area around the display area, and in which a first conductive via connected to data lines extending in a first direction is located, and a plurality of second through holes in the non-display area, and in which a second conductive via is located.

Abstract: A display device, a method for fabrication thereof, and a head mounted display device are provided. A display device includes a first single crystal semiconductor substrate on which a plurality of first transistors is formed, a driving circuit layer being on the first single crystal semiconductor substrate; a second single crystal semiconductor substrate on the first single crystal semiconductor substrate, the second single crystal semiconductor substrate having thereon a display element layer including a plurality of sub-pixels including a plurality of light emitting elements; and a connection wiring layer between the display element layer and the first single crystal semiconductor substrate, where the second single crystal semiconductor substrate includes a plurality of first through holes, and a conductive via in each of the plurality of first through holes, the conductive via being electrically connected to the light emitting element of each of the plurality of sub-pixels.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array configured to store first and second setting data, a page buffer circuit configured to store data of the memory cell array, and a control logic circuit. The control logic circuit is configured to control a sensing operation based on setting data stored in a setting buffer, perform first sensing of the first setting data stored in the memory cell array in a first sensing scheme, and store the sensed first setting data in the page buffer circuit, dump down the first setting data stored in the page buffer circuit into the setting buffer, and perform second sensing of the second setting data stored in the memory cell array in a second sensing scheme based on the first setting data dumped down into the setting buffer, and store the sensed second setting data in the page buffer circuit.

Abstract: A method for problem inference based on multi-modal generative artificial intelligence includes receiving question information including an image and text, generating formal languages by parsing the image and text of the question information, respectively, based on a pre-constructed problem solving template, generating text-based intermediate inference information for the question information by inputting the generated formal language to a formal language inference unit, generating image-based inference information by inputting the text-based intermediate inference information, the text included in the question information (hereinafter referred to as “text question information”), and the image included in the question information (hereinafter referred to as “image question information”) to a multi-modal image generation model, and generating text-based inference information by inputting the text-based intermediate inference information, the image-based inference information, and the text question information

Abstract: An electronic device according to an embodiment in this document includes a memory configured to store an artificial neural network model and a processor functionally connected to the memory, wherein the processor obtains a user's current utterance, generates a plurality of response candidates according to the current utterance using the artificial neural network model, and performs reinforcement learning on the artificial neural network model by selecting a response according to the current utterance that best matches a specified criterion including a performance indicator from among the plurality of response candidates, using a large pre-trained model.

Abstract: A display device may include: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; and at least one pixel disposed in the display area, and comprising at least one pixel including an emission area that emits light. The at least one pixel may include: at least one sub-electrode extending in a direction on the substrate; at least one branch electrode extending in a direction and spaced apart from the sub-electrode; a first insulating layer disposed on the at least one sub-electrode and the at least one branch electrode; first electrodes disposed on the first insulating layer and electrically connected with the at least one sub-electrode; second electrodes disposed on the first insulating layer and electrically connected with the at least one branch electrode; and at least one light emitting element aligned between at least one of the first electrodes and at least one of the second electrodes.

Abstract: A method is provided including: displaying a first content; detecting, by an electronic device, an output condition; and in response to the output condition, outputting, by the electronic device, a second content that that is associated with the first content. Furthermore, an electronic device is provided including: a memory configured to store content; and a processor configured to: display a first content; detect, by an electronic device, an output condition; and in response to the output condition, output a second content that that is associated with the first content.