Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical switch element, an optical switch device, an optical communication system, and an optical computer capable of operating even in a temperature range higher than the Néel temperature. An optical switch element (10) according to the present invention includes a substance including a plurality of transition metal elements having electrons in d-orbitals, and a plurality of anions arranged around each of the plurality of transition metal elements, in which the plurality of transition metal elements are arranged in a lattice form, t2g-orbitals into which the d-orbitals of each of the plurality of transition metal elements are split are connected annularly, and in a state in which the substance does not have a long-range magnetic order, the polarization of signal light (L1) is rotated when control light (C1) is applied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an emulsion including aprepitant, an emulsifier, an oil, polyethylene glycol, and water, without substantial addition of ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-emulsifiable composition including a monoacyl phospholipid, a diacyl phospholipid, oils and fats, and a polyhydric alcohol, in which the content ratio between the monoacyl phospholipid and the diacyl phospholipid is in the range of monoacyl phospholipid:diacyl phospholipid=1:9 to 9:1 as a mass ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-emulsifiable composition including a monoacyl phospholipid, a diacyl phospholipid, oils and fats, and a polyhydric alcohol, in which the content ratio between the monoacyl phospholipid and the diacyl phospholipid is in the range of monoacyl phospholipid:diacyl phospholipid=1:9 to 9:1 as a mass ratio.

Abstract: A compound corresponding to 3-[4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]phenyl]propionic acid in which a part or all of hydrogen atoms in the ethylene group constituting the propionic acid moiety are replaced with deuterium atoms, a salt thereof, or an ester thereof, and a prodrug for releasing Am80 as an active medicament after being absorbed into a living body, which comprises the aforementioned compound, a salt thereof, or an ester thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I): [wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, A and B represent —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3—or —(CH2)4—, X represents —N(R2)—CO—(R2 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), —CO—N(R3)—(R3 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), —C(R4)?C(R5)—(R4 and R5 represent hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), or —N(R6)—SO2—(R6 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), and Ar represents an aryldiyl group or a heteroaryldiyl group], which has a retinoid action and is useful as an active ingredient of a medicament.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I): [wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, A and B represent —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3— or —(CH2)4—, X represents —N(R2)— (R2 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), —CO—, —C(?N—R3)— (R3 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), or —C(?C(R4)(R5))— (R4 and R5 independently represent hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), and Ar represents an aryldiyl group or a heteroaryldiyl group], which has an action of controlling physiological activities of retinoids and useful as an active ingredient of a medicament.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I): [wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, A and B represent —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3— or —(CH2)4—, X represents —N(R2)— (R2 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), —CO—, —C(?N—R3)— (R3 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), or —C(?C(R4)(R5))— (R4 and R5 independently represent hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), and Ar represents an aryldiyl group or a heteroaryldiyl group], which has an action of controlling physiological activities of retinoids and useful as an active ingredient of a medicament.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I): [wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, A and B represent —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3— or —(CH2)4—, X represents —N(R2)—CO— (R2 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), —CO—N(R3)— (R3 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), —C(R4)?C(R5)— (R4 and R5 represent hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), or —N(R6)—SO2— (R6 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group), and Ar represents an aryldiyl group or a heteroaryldiyl group], which has a retinoid action and is useful as an active ingredient of a medicament.