Abstract: An antibody-drug conjugate represented by formula (I): (where Ab is an antibody, X is a group represented by formula (X-1), formula (X-2) or formula (X-3): (where at the left represents the binding site with NH and at the right represents the binding side with D), D is a group represented by formula (D-1) or formula (D-2): (where represents the binding site with X), and n is in the range of about 1 to about 8).

Abstract: A control system (60) includes a state machine (13, 32) to make a state transition among a plurality of states each set with either of a remote control attribute and a local control attribute as an attribute; and an execution control unit (14, 33) to cause a remote device (30) in a remote environment for a control target device (20) to perform an output value generating process of generating an output value to the control target device (20), when the attribute of a current state of the state machine (13, 32) is the remote control attribute, and to cause a local device (10) in a local environment for the control target device (20) to perform the output value generating process, when the attribute of the current state of the state machine (13, 32) is the local control attribute.

Abstract: In a controller (10), a CPU device #1 has a first authority to manage a peripheral device #1, and is a management device for the peripheral device #1. Each of a CPU device #2 and a CPU device #3 is a general device that has a second authority, which is lower than the first authority, for the peripheral device #1. Upon failing to read data from the peripheral device #1, the general device executes a diagnosis on the peripheral device #1 based on the second authority. The diagnosis by the general device causes the CPU device #1, which is the management device for the peripheral device #1, to receive an error notification indicating the error in the peripheral device #1. Upon receiving the error notification, the CPU device #1, which is the management device, handles the error in the peripheral device #1 based on the first authority.

Abstract: A first division unit (501) divides a program into a plurality of block candidates, while permitting a part of processes to coexist in two or more block candidates. A block candidate determination unit (502) determines whether or not the part of the processes coexists in the two or more block candidates among the plurality of block candidates. A scheme selection unit (503) compares, when the part of the processes coexists in the two or more block candidates, an execution time in a parallel execution scheme with an execution time in a shared execution scheme, and selects a scheme with shorter execution time between the parallel execution scheme and the shared execution scheme, the parallel execution scheme causing two or more computers to execute in parallel a coexistence process being the part of the processes coexisting in the two or more block candidates, the shared execution scheme causing one computer to execute the coexistence process and causing the other computer to share an execution result.

Abstract: A process data management unit receives operand data, which is iteratively transmitted from PIO units and for which a sequence number is set, from the PIO units, carries out operations for the received operand data, and transmits results of the operations to the PIO units. A sequence number management unit calculates the sequence number of the operand data, for which the process data management unit is to subsequently carry out the operations, as a next sequence number, each time the process data management unit carries out the operations, and notifies a standby controller of the calculated next sequence number through the control network. A tracking data management unit transmits tracking data through the control network to the standby controller, in case where a current controller is temporarily provided with a transmission right for the tracking data.

Abstract: A fixed delay time storage unit 270 stores a fixed delay time 271 which is predetermined as a time equal to or greater than a time required for transmission of a regular frame. A frame receiving unit 210 receives a synchronization frame. A buffer unit 220 stores the received synchronization frame. A fixed time delay unit 260 measures an elapsed time from receipt of the synchronization frame, and determines whether or not the measured elapsed time has reached the fixed delay time 271. When it is determined that the elapsed time has reached the fixed delay time 271, a frame transmission unit 230 transmits the synchronization frame stored in the buffer unit 220.