Abstract: An endoscope includes light emitting devices arranged in the distal end portion of its insertion unit, and at least one elongated heat-radiating member. One end of the radiating member is arranged in the vicinity of the light emitting devices and the other end is arranged in a predetermined position adjacent to the proximal end of the insertion unit. In observation using the endoscope, a decrease in the amount of illumination rays or the occurrence of image noise can be prevented, the decrease and the noise being caused due to heat generated by LED illumination lights arranged at the distal end of the insertion unit. Therefore, observation can be performed for a long time in good conditions.

Abstract: A photomagnetic signal detecting apparatus, in the reflected light path of a light beam reflected from a recording medium in which information is magnetically recorded, there is provided an optical element having a light beam dividing device transmitting one of two polarized lights intersecting at right angles with each other and reflecting the other polarized light and a light path converting device emitting by reflection or refraction the light beam reflected by this light beam dividing device in substantially the same direction as of the transmitted light transmitted through the above mentioned light beam dividing device so that the transmitted light and reflected light emitted from this optical element may be received by a photodetecting device.