Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprising silver halide grains is disclosed, which is obtained through a process including at least one step of forming grains using a dispersion medium having a low viscosity, wherein 50% or more of the entire projected area of all silver halide grains in the emulsion is occupied by silver halide tabular grains having an aspect ratio of 4 or more and a twin plane spacing of 0.012 &mgr;m or less. Further disclosed is a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material using the emulsion.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprising grains, wherein not less than 50% of the number of all the grains are occupied by silver iodebromide or silver bromochloroiodide tabular grains each meeting the requirements (i) to (iii) below:

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion in which tabular grains each having an equivalent-circle diameter of 0.6 &mgr;m or more, a thickness of 0.3 &mgr;m or less, and an aspect ratio of 2 or more account for 70% or more in number of all the grains contained therein, wherein each of the tabular grains has a multilayered structure including two or more layers, at least one of the layers contains 1 to 20 mol % of a chloride with respect to the silver amount contained in the at least one of the layers, and each of the tabular grains contains a metal complex represented by formula (C-1) or (C-2) below: [M1(CN)6-aLa]n  (C-1) [M2(CN)4-bLb]m  (C-2) wherein M1 represents Fe, Ru, Re, Os, Ir, or Pt; M2 represents Pt or Au; L represents a ligand except for CN; a represents 0, 1, or 2; b represents 0, 1, or 2; n represents 2-, 3-, or 4-; and m represents 1- or 2-.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprising silver halide grains is disclosed, which is obtained through a process including at least one step of forming grains using a dispersion medium having a low viscosity, wherein 50% or more of the entire projected area of all silver halide grains in the emulsion is occupied by silver halide tabular grains having an aspect ratio of 4 or more and a twin plane spacing of 0.012 &mgr;m or less. Further disclosed is a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material using the emulsion.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains, in the dispersion medium phase of the emulsion, one or more kinds of inorganic fine particles having a refractive index the total weight of the fine particles contained in the unit volume of the dispersion medium phase is from 1.0 to 95 wt %, the dispersion medium phase containing the fine particles is substantially transparent to the photosensitive peak wavelength light of the emulsion layer, and the photographic material is exposed and processed in the development process comprising at least a developing step and a fixing step.

Abstract: A modified gelatin obtained by reacting (A) a gelatin and (B) a compound which contains a nitrogenous aromatic ring having a mercapto group to form covalent bond with a reactive group in the gelatin, an introduction amount of the compound in the gelatin being 1.0×10−6 mol to 2.0×10−3 mol per 100 g of the gelatin.

Abstract: The choices of lenses could be broadened when using lenses of different focus distance and a reduction of size could be accomplished and thus an operation could be made easier by providing a laser-cutting torch in which the laser-cutting torch receives a laser light emitted from a laser oscillator and irradiates the laser light through a nozzle for cutting a targeted cut material.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains, in the dispersion medium phase of the emulsion, one or more kinds of inorganic fine particles having a refractive index the total weight of the fine particles contained in the unit volume of the dispersion medium phase is from 1.0 to 95 wt %, the dispersion medium phase containing the fine particles is substantially transparent to the photosensitive peak wavelength light of the emulsion layer, and the photographic material is exposed and processed in the development process comprising at least a developing step and a fixing step.

Abstract: An turning shaft 1 which turns a torch with keeping it on a normal line to the turning shaft is connected with an end of an first rotation shaft 2 which is arranged at a right angle to the turning shaft 1. A second rotation shaft 3 is connected with the first rotation shaft 2. Both the rotation shafts are connected with each other through a first arm 4, and a second arm is connected with with the rotation shaft 3. a first fixed gear 14 is fixed to the first rotation shaft 2, and a second fixed gear 15 is fixed to the second arm 5. a middle gear 16 is arranged between both the fixed gears, and a rotation axis 16c is fixed to the first arm 4. a motor 17 is mounted above the upper bent portion 4a and a gear 17a is engaged with the first fixed gear 14.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion and a silver halide photosensitive material containing the emulsion are disclosed. The grains contained in the emulsion have a variation coefficient of distribution of an equivalent-circle diameter of all the grains of 40% or less, and 50% or more in number of all the grains in the emulsion satisfy requirements (i) to (iii) below: (i) silver iodobromide or silver bromochloroiodide tabular grains having (111) faces as major surfaces, (ii) the equivalent-circle diameter is 3.5 &mgr;m or more and a thickness is 0.25 &mgr;m or less, and (iii) a distance between twin planes of the tabular grain is 0.016 &mgr;m or less.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion in which tabular grains each having an equivalent-circle diameter of 0.6 &mgr;m or more, a thickness of 0.

Abstract: A torch angle setting apparatus includes vertical links arranged in a vertical direction, the respective lower end of which is supported on a frame so as to be pivotally rotatable, and coupled with horizontal links at an upper end and an intermediate position of the vertical links for constituting a three-dimensionally parallel link. The torch angle setting apparatus also includes an inclining member constituted of a motor, an arm and a transmission member for inclining the vertical links by pivotally rotating the arm, a swinging member constituted of a swinging motor, a conducting member, splines for, including the inclining member, swinging conically the vertical links on fulcrums at the frame as a center, and a cutting torch moving in parallel to the vertical links.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion, which comprises light-sensitive silver halide grains mainly composed of (100) planes and (111) planes, at least one compound that is adsorbed selectively on the (100) planes of the silver halide grains, and at least one spectrally sensitizing dye. There is also disclosed a light-sensitive material using the emulsion. The emulsion is high in sensitivity and excellent in graininess.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion is disclosed, comprising silver halide tabular grains having integrated therein dislocation lines and having an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more and a circle-corresponding diameter of 0.6 .mu.m or less, wherein the grains having integrated therein dislocation lines from the site determined by the following expression (I) occupy 50% or more of the total projected area:D=(1.4S.sup.1.5).times.100.+-.15 (I)wherein D represents a ratio (%) of silver amount consumed until the integration of the dislocation lines to the total amount of silver used and S represents a sphere-corresponding diameter (.mu.m) of a final grain, provided that D is 5 or more.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprise silver chlorobromide or silver iodobromochloride grains, each grain having a silver chloride region in an amount of 0.3 to 50 mol % based on the total silver amount of the grain, and each grain containing at least one ion selected from the group consisting of ions of Ga, In and Group 8, Group 9 and Group 10 metals. A silver halide photographic emulsion that is occupied by tabular grains having an equivalent circular diameter of 0.1 to 0.6 .mu.m in an amount of at least 70% in number, wherein each of the tabular grains has a multilayer structure comprising at least two layers, and at least one of the layers contains chloride in an amount of 0.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion comprising silver halide grains. In them, 60 or more percent of the total area of all silver halide grains are occupied by tabular silver halide grains having a circle equivalent diameter of 0.6 .mu.m or less, an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, and having dislocation lines substantially localized only in the fringe portions thereof. Also, 50 or more percent of the number of all silver halide grains are occupied by tabular silver halide grains having 10 or more dislocation lines per grain. In addition, the surface silver iodide content of all silver halide grains is 3 mol % or less when analyzed by X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS).

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprising a plurality of light-sensitive layers having different spectral sensitivities, wherein two nearest light-sensitive layers interposing a light-insensitive layer containing colloidal silver each contains in the proportion of 50% or more (of the projected area) of tabular grains having an aspect ratio of from 3 to 100 and 10 or more dislocation lines per one grain, and a light-insensitive layer is provided between each of the light-sensitive layers and the light-insensitive layer containing colloidal silver.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion is disclosed, comprising silver halide tabular grains having integrated therein dislocation lines and having an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more and a circle-corresponding diameter of 0.6 .mu.m or less, wherein the grains having integrated therein dislocation lines from the site determined by the following expression (I) occupy 50% or more of the total projected area:D=(1.4S.sup.1.5).times.100.+-.15 (I)wherein D represents a ratio (%) of silver amount consumed until the integration of the dislocation lines to the total amount of silver used and S represents a sphere-corresponding diameter (.mu.m) of a final grain, provided that D is 5 or more.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion contains tabular silver halide grains which have an aspect ratio of 2 or more and in which dislocations are concentrated about the corner of the grain.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprising silver halide grains which are formed while iodide ions are rapidly being generated from an iodide ion-releasing agent represented by Formula (I) below, and which are chemically sensitized with a selenium sensitizer. Formula (I)R--Iwhere R represents a monovalent organic residue which releases the iodine atom in the form of iodide ions upon reacting with a base and/or a nucleophilic reagent.