Abstract: An imaging element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a first electrode and a second electrode; a third electrode; a photoelectric conversion layer; and a semiconductor layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed in parallel. The third electrode is disposed to be opposed to the first electrode and the second electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer is provided between the first electrode and second electrode and the third electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer includes an organic material. The semiconductor layer includes a first layer and a second layer that are stacked in order from the first electrode and second electrode side between the first electrode and second electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer. The first layer has a larger value for C5s indicating a contribution ratio of a 5 s orbital to a conduction band minimum than a value of the second layer for C5s.

Abstract: An imaging element according to the present disclosure includes: a photoelectric conversion unit that is configured of a first electrode 21 and a photoelectric conversion layer 23A and a second electrode 22 including an organic material being laminated, an inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B is formed between the first electrode 21 and the photoelectric conversion layer 23A, and an inorganic oxide semiconductor material configuring the inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B contains gallium (Ga) atoms, tin (Sn) atoms, zinc (Zn) atoms, and oxygen (O) atoms.

Abstract: An imaging element includes a photoelectric conversion section including a first electrode 21, a photoelectric conversion layer 23A including an organic material, and a second electrode 22 that are stacked; an inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B is formed between the first electrode 21 and the photoelectric conversion layer 23A; and when a composition of an inorganic oxide semiconductor material included in the inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B is represented by MaNbSncO (where M denotes an aluminum (Al) atom, and N denotes a gallium atom (Ga) or a zinc (Zn) atom, or a gallium (Ga) atom and a zinc (Zn) atom), a+b+c=1.00, 0.01?a?0.04, and b<c are satisfied.

Abstract: An imaging element includes a photoelectric conversion section including a first electrode 21, a photoelectric conversion layer 23A including an organic material, and a second electrode 22 that are stacked; an inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B is formed between the first electrode 21 and the photoelectric conversion layer 23A; and an inorganic oxide semiconductor material included in the inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B contains aluminum (Al) atoms, tin (Sn) atoms, zinc (Zn) atoms, and oxygen (O) atoms.

Abstract: An image pickup element 10 includes a first electrode 21, a charge accumulation electrode 24 that is arranged apart from the first electrode 21, a photoelectric conversion unit 23 that contacts the first electrode 21 and is formed above the charge accumulation electrode 24 via an insulation layer 82, and a second electrode 22 formed on the photoelectric conversion unit 23. The photoelectric conversion unit 23 includes, from the second-electrode side, a photoelectric conversion layer 23A, and an inorganic oxide semiconductor material layer 23B including InaGabSncOd, and 0.30?b/(a+b+c)?0.50 and b?c are satisfied.

Abstract: A virtual capacity acquisition unit acquires a size of virtual capacity of a save data area from an application. A storage capacity acquisition unit acquires a size of save data of the application. A writing control unit prohibits the application from writing the save data exceeding the virtual capacity in a recording device. A free space acquisition unit acquires a size of free space of the recoding device, and the writing control unit prohibits the writing of save data whose size is larger than that of the free space.

Abstract: A certain process included in a first execution space requests a local resource manager to allocate a resource. The local resource manager obtains the authentication ID of the process issuing the request and determines whether or not the resource can be allocated. If the resource can be allocated and the resource previously secured in the execution space can suffice the request, the local resource manager allocates the resource to the process. If the resource is insufficient, the local resource manager requests a global resource manager to allocate the resource. The global resource manager obtains the authentication ID of the first execution space issuing the request and determines whether or not the resource can be allocated. If it is determined that the resource can be allocated, the resource is allocated to the first execution space.

Abstract: A virtual capacity acquisition unit acquires a size of virtual capacity of a save data area from an application. A storage capacity acquisition unit acquires a size of save data of the application. A writing control unit prohibits the application from writing the save data exceeding the virtual capacity in a recording device. A free space acquisition unit acquires a size of free space of the recoding device, and the writing control unit prohibits the writing of save data whose size is larger than that of the free space.

Abstract: A certain process included in a first execution space requests a local resource manager to allocate a resource. The local resource manager obtains the authentication ID of the process issuing the request and determines whether or not the resource can be allocated. If the resource can be allocated and the resource previously secured in the execution space can suffice the request, the local resource manager allocates the resource to the process. If the resource is insufficient, the local resource manager requests a global resource manager to allocate the resource. The global resource manager obtains the authentication ID of the first execution space issuing the request and determines whether or not the resource can be allocated. If it is determined that the resource can be allocated, the resource is allocated to the first execution space.

Abstract: In FIG. 2, a process (32) included in a first execution space (20a) issue a request of resource assignment to a local resource management part (46), which then acquires an authentication ID of the requesting process (32) and determines whether the resource assignment can be performed. If the resource assignment can be performed and resources held beforehand in the first execution space (20a) can fulfill the request, then the local resource management part (46) performs the resource assignment to the process (32). If the resources cannot fulfill the request, the local resource management part (46) issues the request of resource assignment to a global resource management part (56), which then acquires the authentication ID of the requesting first execution space (20a) and determines whether the resource assignment can be performed. If determining that the resource assignment can be performed, the global resource management part (56) performs the resource assignment to the first execution space (20a).

Abstract: A data communicating method is disclosed for use with a user terminal, the method preventing both members of a given group including the terminal and nonmembers from intercepting, tampering with or falsifying data communicated between the members without recourse to a plurality of encryption keys. In a first step, validity verification data is generated by the terminal. In a second step, the validity verification data and an attestation identity public key certificate are sent from the terminal to a group management device. In a third step, the group management device determines whether the terminal is valid. If the terminal is found valid, then a group name, a member ID and a group-shared key are supplied to the terminal in a fourth step, and a member ID list is further supplied in a fifth step. Thereafter the terminal is allowed to communicate with other members of the same group. The disclosed method can be applied advantageously to video game machines for network-based games.

Abstract: In FIG. 2, a process (32) included in a first execution space (20a) issue a request of resource assignment to a local resource management part (46), which then acquires an authentication ID of the requesting process (32) and determines whether the resource assignment can be performed. If the resource assignment can be performed and resources held beforehand in the first execution space (20a) can fulfill the request, then the local resource management part (46) performs the resource assignment to the process (32). If the resources cannot fulfill the request, the local resource management part (46) issues the request of resource assignment to a global resource management part (56), which then acquires the authentication ID of the requesting first execution space (20a) and determines whether the resource assignment can be performed. If determining that the resource assignment can be performed, the global resource management part (56) performs the resource assignment to the first execution space (20a).

Abstract: A ticket issuing device issues a highly convenient electronic ticket. The electronic ticket is formed of validity data and information to be validated. The validity data includes a secret key to which an algorithm whose presence is verifiable without being exposed is applicable. The information to be validated includes a public key corresponding to the secret key for verifying the presence of the secret key. The information is validated by the validity data. A ticket storage device generates a digital signature for verifying the presence of the secret key in the validity data, and sends the digital signature together with the information to be validated to a ticket checking device. The ticket checking device determines the presence of the secret key in the ticket storage device by using the digital signature from the ticket storage device and the public key contained in the information to be validated.

Abstract: Digital information is protected by holding it on durable hardware. In a system that uses a hardware mechanism to move digital information without permitting reproduction, a record concerning a movement of the digital information, that is, a transfer history, is stored. When recovering the digital information, by analyzing the transfer history, it can be indicated at what time alteration of hardware reproduced the identification. By using a nested structure as the data structure of the transfer history, durability against falsification of the transfer history by a misuser during distribution is also realized while the number of calculations required for transfer history check in each transfer is set to a fixed value which does not depend on the number of transfers.

Abstract: A data communicating method is disclosed for use with a user terminal, the method preventing both members of a given group including the terminal and nonmembers from intercepting, tampering with or falsifying data communicated between the members without recourse to a plurality of encryption keys. In a first step, validity verification data is generated by the terminal. In a second step, the validity verification data and an attestation identity public key certificate are sent from the terminal to a group management device. In a third step, the group management device determines whether the terminal is valid. If the terminal is found valid, then a group name, a member ID and a group-shared key are supplied to the terminal in a fourth step, and a member ID list is further supplied in a fifth step. Thereafter the terminal is allowed to communicate with other members of the same group. The disclosed method can be applied advantageously to video game machines for network-based games.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an information processing system and method, an information processing apparatus and method, a recording medium, and a program designed such that a service provider can enhance the efficiency and security of its authentication when authenticating a user. A first cryptographic key and a second cryptographic key to be paired with the first cryptographic key which are utilized when a service provider terminal 13 authenticates a key holding apparatus 22 of a user apparatus 11 based on a predetermined authentication technique, are generated by a key allotter terminal 12, and the first cryptographic key is sent to the service provider terminal 13 via a network 14, and the second cryptographic key is sent to the key holding apparatus 22 via the network 14 and a user terminal 21.

Abstract: A ticket issuing device issues a highly convenient electronic ticket. The electronic ticket is formed of validity data and information to be validated. The validity data includes a secret key to which an algorithm whose presence is verifiable without being exposed is applicable. The information to be validated includes a public key corresponding to the secret key for verifying the presence of the secret key. The information is validated by the validity data. A ticket storage device generates a digital signature for verifying the presence of the secret key in the validity data, and sends the digital signature together with the information to be validated to a ticket checking device. The ticket checking device determines the presence of the secret key in the ticket storage device by using the digital signature from the ticket storage device and the public key contained in the information to be validated.