Abstract: A polyester resin containing a constitutional unit derived from at least one of a polyhydric alcohol derived from biomass and a polyvalent carboxylic acid derived from biomass, and a constitutional unit derived from polyethylene terephthalate, in which a ratio of carbon atoms derived from the polyethylene terephthalate is 5% to 40% with respect to 100% of all carbon atoms, and a methyl ethyl ketone insoluble matter is 5% by mass or less.

Abstract: The polyester resin of the present invention is a polyester resin obtained by using polyethylene terephthalate, a polyvalent carboxylic acid component, and a polyhydric alcohol component, wherein the polyester resin comprises 1 molar part or more in total of at least one type of structural unit selected from the group consisting of a structural unit derived from a tri- or higher valent carboxylic acid and a structural unit derived from a tri- or higher hydric alcohol, with respect to 100 molar parts of structural units derived from an acid component, and wherein a heat absorption is 0.1 to 10 J/g as measured with respect to the polyester resin heat-treated at 150° C. for 30 minutes.

Abstract: A polyester resin, including: (a) a constitutional unit derived from at least one tetravalent carboxylic acid selected from Compounds (A) and (B); a constitutional unit derived from a bisphenol A-alkylene oxide adduct; and a constitutional unit derived from an aliphatic alcohol having a boiling point of lower than or equal to 290° C.

Abstract: A polyester resin including: structural unit (A) represented by a specific formula; structural unit (B) derived from an aliphatic diol having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (provided that the structural unit (A) is excluded); and at least one structural unit (C) selected from the group consisting of structural unit (c1) derived from a trivalent or higher-valent acid component and structural unit (c2) derived from a trihydric or higher-hydric alcohol component, the polyester resin including the structural unit (B) in an amount of 20 molar parts or more with respect to 100 molar parts of all the structural units derived from acid components.

Abstract: There are provided a polyester resin for toner which has a sufficiently low TVOC, can be produced with high productivity, and can produce toner having excellent durability; and toner containing the polyester resin for toner. The polyester resin for toner has a TVOC of 380 ppm or less and includes a component derived from ethylene glycol, a hydrocarbon group having 12 carbon atoms or more, and a titanium element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyester resin for toner to be used in the development of an electrostatic image or magnetic latent image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, or the like, a method for producing a polyester resin for toner, and a toner, and an object of the invention is to provide, with excellent productivity and stability, a polyester resin for toner having excellent storage stability, hot offset resistance, and low temperature fixing property as toner while still considering the environmental protection and safety. A polyester resin for toner contains 40 mol % or more and 60 mol % or less of structural units derived from tri- or higher hydric carboxylic acids based on 100 mol % of structural units derived from all acid components, and has a metal content of 100 ppm or less.

Abstract: There are provided a polyester resin for toner which has a sufficiently low TVOC, can be produced with high productivity, and can produce toner having excellent durability; and toner containing the polyester resin for toner. The polyester resin for toner has a TVOC of 380 ppm or less and includes a component derived from ethylene glycol, a hydrocarbon group having 12 carbon atoms or more, and a titanium element.

Abstract: A binder resin for toner of the present invention comprising: a polyester resin (A) which contains a constitutional unit derived from isosorbide and has a softening temperature of higher than 120° C.; and a polyester resin (B) different from the polyester resin (A), wherein the binder resin for toner has a pulverizability index of 25 or more.

Abstract: A binder resin for toner of the present invention comprising: a polyester resin (A) which contains a constitutional unit derived from isosorbide and has a softening temperature of 120° C. or lower; and a polyester resin (B) different from the polyester resin (A), wherein the binder resin for toner has a hygroscopicity index of 2 or less and contains a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter at 5% by mass or less.

Abstract: Provided is polyester resin for toner including: a constitutional unit derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of specific Compounds (A) and (B); and a constitutional unit derived from tri- or higher valent carboxylic acid (excluding Compounds (A) and (B)), in which a content of the constitutional unit derived from tri- or higher valent carboxylic acid with respect to all constitutional units derived from carboxylic acid is greater than or equal to 0.5 mol %, and an acid value after melting and kneading is less than or equal to 55 mgKOH/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester resin with excellent solubility in generic solvents, especially with excellent solubility at a temperature of 0° C. or lower. According to the present invention, by using the polyester resin with excellent solubility in generic solvents, solubility at a lower temperature, especially the solubility at a temperature of 0° C. or lower, is enhanced, making it easier to prepare paints, coatings and the like. The polyester resin related to the present invention contains 0.05 to 0.5 mol of an isosorbide-derived structural unit and 0.015 to 0.4 mol of a trihydric or higher alcohol-derived structural unit relative to 1 mol of a polycarboxylic acid-derived structural unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyester resin for toner to be used in the development of an electrostatic image or magnetic latent image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, or the like, a method for producing a polyester resin for toner, and a toner, and an object of the invention is to provide, with excellent productivity and stability, a polyester resin for toner having excellent storage stability, hot offset resistance, and low temperature fixing property as toner while still considering the environmental protection and safety. A polyester resin for toner contains 40 mol % or more and 60 mol % or less of structural units derived from tri- or higher hydric carboxylic acids based on 100 mol % of structural units derived from all acid components, and has a metal content of 100 ppm or less.

Abstract: A binder resin for toner of the present invention comprising: a polyester resin (A) which contains a constitutional unit derived from isosorbide and has a softening temperature of higher than 120° C.; and a polyester resin (B) different from the polyester resin (A), wherein the binder resin for toner has a pulverizability index of 25 or more.

Abstract: A binder resin for toner of the present invention comprising: a polyester resin (A) which contains a constitutional unit derived from isosorbide and has a softening temperature of 120° C. or lower; and a polyester resin (B) different from the polyester resin (A), wherein the binder resin for toner has a hygroscopicity index of 2 or less and contains a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter at 5% by mass or less.

Abstract: To provide a crosslinked polyester resin by using environmentally friendly and low-cost raw materials while reducing the content of a bisphenol A-derived component. [Subject Matter] [Solutions] To provide a polyester resin containing a trivalent or higher acid-derived component and a bisphenol A-alkylene oxide adduct-derived component. In such a polyester resin, the bisphenol A-alkylene oxide adduct-derived component is contained at 0.01˜0.35 mol relative to 1 mol of all the acid-derived components, and the ratio of acid value (mg KOH/g) to hydroxyl value (mg KOH/g) is set to be 1:3˜1:26.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of carbon nanofibers at a high activity is provided. Further, carbon nanofibers produced by the manufacturing method and being excellent in electric conductivity, crystallinity and dispersibility is provided. By a manufacturing method of carbon nanofibers in which an active species including cobalt as a chief component is employed as a catalyst and carbon monoxide is used as a carbon source, wherein said catalyst has 3 to 150 mass % of said active species carried on a carrier composed of a magnesium-containing oxide having a specific surface area of 0.01 to 5 m2/g, and a reaction temperature, partial pressure of carbon monoxide and a flow rate of raw material gas is controlled, CNFs that are excellent in electric conductivity, crystallinity and dispersibility can be manufactured at high activity, so that carbon nanofibers that is excellent in electric conductivity, crystallinity and dispersibility is obtained.

Abstract: To provide a crosslinked polyester resin by using environmentally friendly and low-cost raw materials while reducing the content of a bisphenol A-derived component. [Subject Matter] [Solutions] To provide a polyester resin containing a trivalent or higher acid-derived component and a bisphenol A-alkylene oxide adduct-derived component. In such a polyester resin, the bisphenol A-alkylene oxide adduct-derived component is contained at 0.01˜0.35 mol relative to 1 mol of all the acid-derived components, and the ratio of acid value (mg KOH/g) to hydroxyl value (mg KOH/g) is set to be 1:3˜1:26.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester resin with excellent solubility in generic solvents, especially with excellent solubility at a temperature of 0° C. or lower. According to the present invention, by using the polyester resin with excellent solubility in generic solvents, solubility at a lower temperature, especially the solubility at a temperature of 0° C. or lower, is enhanced, making it easier to prepare paints, coatings and the like. The polyester resin related to the present invention contains 0.05 to 0.5 mol of an isosorbide-derived structural unit and 0.015 to 0.4 mol of a trihydric or higher alcohol-derived structural unit relative to 1 mol of a polycarboxylic acid-derived structural unit.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of carbon nanofibers at a high activity is provided. Further, carbon nanofibers produced by the manufacturing method and being excellent in electric conductivity, crystallinity and dispersibility is provided. By a manufacturing method of carbon nanofibers in which an active species including cobalt as a chief component is employed as a catalyst and carbon monoxide is used as a carbon source, wherein said catalyst has 3 to 150 mass % of said active species carried on a carrier composed of a magnesium-containing oxide having a specific surface area of 0.01 to 5 m2/g, and a reaction temperature, partial pressure of carbon monoxide and a flow rate of raw material gas is controlled, CNFs that are excellent in electric conductivity, crystallinity and dispersibility can be manufactured at high activity, so that carbon nanofibers that is excellent in electric conductivity, crystallinity and dispersibility is obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyester resin for toner, the polyester resin containing a monomer unit derived from isosorbide and a monomer unit derived from 1,2-propanediol, in which the proportion of the monomer unit derived from isosorbide is from 2 to 11% by mass with respect to the total mass of the polyester resin, and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin for toner is from 56 to 70° C. According to the invention, it is possible to provide a polyester resin for toner from which toner excellent in storage stability, fixing property, hot offset resistance and image stability in the case of using isosorbide is obtained, and a method for producing the polyester resin for toner. In addition, the toner obtained from the polyester resin for toner of the invention is excellent in storage stability, fixing property, hot offset resistance and image stability in the case of using isosorbide.