Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferrite-based catalyst composite, a method of preparing the same, and a method of preparing butadiene using the same. More particularly, the present invention provides a ferrite-based catalyst composite having a shape that allows effective dispersion of excess heat generated in a butadiene production process and prevention of catalyst damage and side reaction occurrence by reducing direct exposure of a catalyst to heat, a method of preparing the ferrite-based catalyst composite, and a method of preparing butadiene capable of lowering the temperature of a hot spot and reducing generation of Cox by allowing active sites of a catalyst to have a broad temperature gradient (profile) during oxidative dehydrogenation using the ferrite-based catalyst composite, and thus, providing improved process efficiency.

Abstract: Improved database consistency and consistency checking may be provided by cross-referenced split data storage for irregular fields using auxiliary pointers. A fixed-size memory slot may be allocated to a database table in a database system, where the fixed-size memory slot has an address. A variable-size memory slot may be allocated to the database table, where the variable-size memory slot has a different address. For an irregular field in the database table, one or more properties of the irregular field may be stored in the fixed-size memory slot. The one or more properties may include a first pointer which may have the address of the variable-size memory slot. For the irregular field in the database table, at least a portion of data of the irregular field and a second pointer, which may have the address of the fixed-size memory slot, may be stored in the variable-size memory slot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for selectively producing ginsenoside Rd, which is originally present in ginseng in a trace amount, from panaxadiol-type saponins of ginseng, and more specifically to a method capable of obtaining a desired target compound, that is, ginsenoside Rd, in high yields, by treating a panaxadiol-type saponin obtained from ginseng, with particular enzymes to structurally convert the saponins.

Abstract: An electronic device that transmits a frame to a second electronic device is described. In particular, during operation, an interface circuit in the electronic device (such as an access point in a WLAN) may transmit the frame to the second electronic device using a Wi-Fi communication protocol. The frame may include information cancelling a previously specified NAV protected time in a preamble of the frame. For example, the information may include a CF-End indication. Moreover, the information may be included in a MAC header of the frame and, more generally, in a preamble of a high efficiency (HE) physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU). Furthermore, the electronic device may transmit the frame in response to a block acknowledgment (BA) from the second electronic device.

Abstract: Provided is a method, a system, an apparatus, and/or a non-transitory computer readable medium for providing a ringback tone and a ringtone using a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) call service. A call method may provide sound sources directly edited by users as a ringtone or a ringback tone in a VoIP call service.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an active pattern, a gate electrode, a gate capping pattern, and a gate spacer. The active pattern extends in a first direction parallel to a top surface of the substrate. The gate electrode extends in a second direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate and intersects the active pattern. The gate capping pattern covers a top surface of the gate electrode and extends in a direction crossing the top surface of the substrate to cover a first sidewall of the gate electrode. The gate spacer covers a second sidewall of the gate electrode. The first sidewall and the second sidewall are opposite to each other in the second direction.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided capable of suppressing formation of frost, thereby achieving enhanced heat exchange efficiency refrigerator. The heat exchanger includes refrigerant tubes vertically spaced apart from one another, and heat exchanging fins spaced apart from another in a longitudinal direction of the refrigerant tubes while being coupled to surfaces of the refrigerant tubes. Each heat exchanging fin includes fitting slots formed at one lateral end of the heat exchanging fin and vertically arranged to receive a plurality of refrigerant tubes, and moisture guide valleys extending vertically to downwardly guide moisture on the heat exchanging fin. Each moisture guide valley includes a first moisture guide valley arranged along a virtual line extending through a boundary between a curved portion of the corresponding fitting slot and each straight portion of the fitting slot, and a second moisture guide valley to guide moisture to the first moisture guide valley.

Abstract: A system and method for handling multi-node failures in a disaster recovery cluster is provided. In the event of an error condition, a switchover operation occurs from the failed nodes to one or more surviving nodes. Data stored in non-volatile random access memory is recovered by the surviving nodes to bring storage objects, e.g., disks, aggregates and/or volumes into a consistent state.

Abstract: A proximity sensor is provided. The proximity sensor has an exposed exterior surface formed of a metal material to improve the aesthetics thereof. The proximity sensor mounted within a vehicle includes a frame formed of a nonconductive material and a metal layer that covers an exterior surface of the frame. A sensor electrode contacts the metal layer and a sensor integrated circuit (IC) connected to the sensor electrode to sense an approach or a contact of a user on the metal layer.

Abstract: A method for controlling a self-balancing vehicle, includes: acquiring a state of a parameter input from a user through a pedal of the self-balancing vehicle; and when the state of the parameter indicates that a change has occurred in the parameter, controlling operation of the self-balancing vehicle according to the change.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing silicon-based active material particles for a secondary battery and silicon-based active material particles. The method for preparing silicon-based active material particles according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: providing silicon powder; dispersing the silicon powder into an oxidant solvent to provide a mixture prior to grinding; fine-graining the silicon powder by applying mechanical compression and shear stress to the silicon powder in the mixture prior to grinding to produce silicon particles; producing a layer of chemical oxidation on the fine-grained silicon particles with the oxidant solvent while applying mechanical compression and shear stress to produce silicon-based active material particles; and drying the resulting product comprising the silicon-based active material particles to yield silicon-based active material particles.

Abstract: A foldable, flexible display apparatus includes a flexible display panel which displays an image and includes a display side on which the image is displayed and of which portions thereof face each other in a folded state of the flexible display apparatus; a cover window on the display side of the flexible display panel and including: a window film comprising a transparent plastic film having a modulus of elasticity of about 6.3 gigapascals or more; and a coating layer on the window film, and configured to be transparent and to protect the window film from physical damage thereto; and an adhesive layer between the window film and the display side of the flexible display panel, and configured to have elasticity and bond the window film and the flexible display panel to each other.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a three-dimensional semiconductor device comprises stacking first hardmask layers and second hardmask layers on a lower layer including a pattern region and a buffer region adjacent to the pattern region, the second hardmask layers and the first hardmask layers for forming a first hardmask pattern and a second hardmask pattern, patterning the second hardmask layer to form the second hardmask pattern including a plurality of first mask holes on the pattern region and at least one recess on the buffer region, the plurality of first mask holes exposing the first hardmask layer, and etching the first hardmask layer using the second hardmask pattern as an etch mask to form the first hardmask pattern including a plurality of etch mask holes on the pattern region and at least one buffer mask hole on the buffer region, the plurality of etch mask holes exposing a top surface of the lower layer, the at least one buffer mask hole having a bottom surface spaced apart from the top surface of the lo

Abstract: An electronic apparatus and method of operating the electronic apparatus, to simultaneously display execution screen images of a first OS and a second OS are provided. The method includes obtaining screen image data of the second OS based on graphic data processed by the second OS; obtaining, by the first OS, at least one of control information related to the screen image data of the second OS and memory mapping information of the second OS; converting the screen image data of the second OS into graphic data of the first OS based on the at least one of the control information and the memory mapping information; generating screen image data of the first OS based on the graphic data of the first OS, the screen image data of the first OS including the screen image data of the second OS; and displaying the screen image data of the first OS.

Abstract: Methods for producing FETs with negative capacitance and the resulting device are disclosed. Embodiments include forming a gate stack over a semiconductor substrate by: forming a gate oxide over the semiconductor substrate; forming a first metal gate electrode over the gate oxide; forming a dummy gate over the metal gate electrode; and forming sidewall spacers on first and second sides of the gate stack; forming an ILD over the substrate and gate stack; removing the dummy gate and at least a portion of sidewall spacers to form an opening; forming a ferro-electric (FE) layer in the opening; and forming a second metal gate electrode over the FE layer.

Abstract: An image display apparatus may include a display, and a processor configured to generate a viewpoint guide map based on at least one of viewing-history data of the 360-degree image and characteristics of the 360-degree image, generate a list of recommended viewpoints for the 360-degree image based on the viewpoint guide map, and control the display to display an image included in the 360-degree image corresponding to a viewpoint from among the list of recommended viewpoints.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separation layer interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a concentration gradient and has a secondary particle structure formed from an assembly of primary particles. The second cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide having a single particle structure. The first and second cathode active material particles each includes at least two metals except from lithium, and an amount of nickel is the largest among those of the metals in each of the first and second cathode active material particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly comprises a rear cover with a closed metal frame and a circuit board arranged in the rear cover. A plurality of antenna units are arranged, each of which comprises an antenna slot and a first metal portion and a second metal portion which separates the metal frame through the antenna slot, a plurality of phase converters are arranged on the circuit board. Compared with the related art, the antenna assembly provided by the invention has the beneficial effect of good aesthetics, fast heat diffusion, good radiation performance and good antenna gain and space coverage.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens having a positive refractive power; a second lens having a refractive power; a third lens having a refractive power; a fourth lens having a refractive power and a concave image-side surface; a fifth lens having a refractive power; a sixth lens having a refractive power; a seventh lens having a refractive power; and an eighth lens having a refractive power and a concave object-side surface, wherein the first to eighth lenses are sequentially disposed in numerical order along an optical axis of the optical imaging system from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system.